e TTETOWN

GUARD

FOR FARMERS, STUCK BREEDERS AND GARDENERS

FUR FARMING and 11s ACTIVITIES

I

Harvested Apples Are Alive

wheneeepnleisslokeaitas living thing and there are corletant and gradual charm" 801118 O11

pd,“ m“ or ground bone plus 004-11"?

thmlllhout its storage life. Tho speed of these. changes is largely gavel-neg by the tom-perature and humidity at which the fruit is stoned. A freshly harvested apple

moat. Ninety w" W111i °1 '11 9°" “m; can be tmoed to Acidosis liioewise most misses sitter: mag: can be attributed to a ‘any, Mm "w- °“1°‘“m “d phmhmfiflfffi aiglfifinmtiepgtaléfch is wnveif: l1" “film ¢° ""4"" g” _ ad tosigars first, sometimes toare- the pups all" they n" 51°02“, ducing Silgflf and sometimes part of 1°58 W“ wish them m Mt mama, it is changed tosuloae or cane silgea‘. Wd- und°v°m°d “x” ' ' Then the sucrose is gadiially ilsedl e ‘into r uc 8118M» s11 is “he be" 1“-"‘"“‘°° we “a” ggdalhgictlfuzlll/lfen the stagh and teko out today sssinst niche“ 1“ m...“ have practically dsappeared f0! Dilpl- the apple begins to lose its quality

NEWS Y

NOTES

lFarm Power Efficiency

DER-MAE Ill-III

By the courtesy or a valued friend I was recently enabled to visit the lake at Mermaid. This ilne little sheet oi’ water. has. I am told, been lowered two feet by draining oper- ations a. few years ego, bu; it still remains a. noticeable feature in the landscape. On the way to it, on the side of the lane. was e considerable srowth of shrubbery. and amongst

ithi; I noted the Mountain Holly, a

deciduous shrub, end no: an ever- Kreen like the holly of Old England.

J

and careful parents are no dflilbt ‘figuring what John or Jane require, ,to get them into trim for the open- ing of the school. Ln these days (provided one has a sufficiency of jthe "ready") there is no trouble in ‘acquiring whatever is requisite in equipment. However, for a change I want you to go back with me to the school where I had "iarniri" licked into me, to see what the little yo- kels wore, worked with, and were up against.

First. came the consideration of clothing. The girls wore dresses of

R. Robson and Professor G-Il. 5mm; o1 the University of Min- itcba to inveatigaio the efficilnfl with which bdenitdn fennel! W!‘ utilizing the various units- Ianu consequently a series of draw bar tests. 45 in all. were made to de- termne the extent of ovefloild-ill-B ol- underloadillg with P088111 1° horses and tractors. The dmft tests made during the survey. My! scientific Agriculture. 81107 00n- ciuslvely that the average 099F139? has little idea. grhthe developed by h orses or - In the casg of horse-drawn 111N919"

(‘Ilgierimeritel hrmaNoto)

Bane lyetem III established nee-r- ly fifty yearn ago, nuimmus varieties of wheat. cab and barley have been collected from different countries with the hope that among the num- ber lnight be found some hwélioh would contribuio something an- adim Agriculture. Many of these introductions were of little value. while others viewed an

part in connection with the breed- ing programme which has yielded such notable varieties as Marquis end Rowe-rd wheat, and Iourel and

hilly and well.

Field Museums At _j Expenirnirztal Statf‘

be ‘t. ' 01' an old oar, aim-lazing“ "‘

8111i‘! lrhflt we” "a no empmonvmpigrilldr . among othels, visitors ‘g Bmwh Farms will now in small plots, called .. | Museum Nlifsorlcgfl a ion of old vll of relatively OI WhlCh havg a

The historical 5:121:11?“ ' varieties foilllri in th Museums" is linrrl u, em,“ of particular interest t, generation in helping m y some idea of the "

to which it is nearly related. This was a welcome “find" as I had not seen the plant since i924. Another

stout cotton cloth “prlnt" I think merits. there were examples of three smell they called it. But girls were held in horses P11111118 the will’ 1°" '5 m‘

small account by us “young barbar- 11101598- 811d 01' 1°"? 1101's" drawing

The only mineral of importance and becomes what is ordinarily

advances that have in the mains of iox D1195 is M11"- cfllled "°"°"“P°"' m‘ "m" °'

Dmduallg newvr and bellm-

Legaoy oats. A aeritbnsnnei attachment is

v t; >01 . its? ul- . >8! w. nit U II‘. a . >5 do! . W. P91. w. SIG "l: -er .141 l‘; is

rPUII1STPIQVHTJWWIIFIUI

' be fed along with ever-y pound of

Inannvo rlmouoiaoU-r‘ m! nlwaomo SEASON

As we approach the critical per- lod of the year in our industry, that 15 the bfeedlhk season. no doubt a. few words of advice with regards to feeding would now be opportune as there is no one factor which bears 21,1551 an influence 0n production n;

First of all let us recall the three most important ingredients in our ration at this time of year, these are, Proteins, vitamines, and Min- erals. Why do we name these three substances, because it takes all three and lots of them to produce strong] healthy pups.

Proteins-These compounds go to form the major portion of the un- born pups. That is flesh. skin. hair and all internal organs are all made up of protein.

Where do we get Proteins to fur- 111811 the female with so that she produces _healthy pups. Mainly from animal products such as meat» 11511. 688$ or milk. So that we must be careful to see that, wg have a goodly proportion of some of these products in our ration.

Vitamines-These mysterious sub- stances which have never been seen or handled but which we know 1f they are not fed in sumcient

eding season will be a total failure. Either the fe- males will fail to come in season 01‘ they will mate but will not con- ‘IHW. or they will give birth to small Weakly Pups that will die in I few hours alter birth.

Where can we get the necessary Vitamines. Luckily we find them well distributed in fox feedg. we flfid them in meat "and fish provid- ed it ‘is wholesome and has no; been kept in cold storage for too long a 511m?» That is. the fresher the meat i119 Strtmker are the Vitamines. We also find them in fresh milk. fresh eggs. fruits, grains, green vegetables. (the fresher and greener they are the more vitamlnes they contain) in “"1 111'" 011. molasses, wheat germ

arious canned goods such as tomatoes and spinnage. etc. etc. Try to include as many of the 911°“? ingredients in your ration as possible so that you are sure you

are supplying your foxes with ihr'bit for this process-

necessary vitamilles and remember the more you boil your fox feed the more vitamines you ruin,

Minerals-Last but by no mean; the (least important. The whole frame of the unborn pup i5 made up of minerals. In fact the very life of the unborn pup itself 15 de. Pendent on the alkaline reacton of the blood within its veins which comes from a. mineral. so we see at a. glance the importance or this ingredient.

ti take by those changes varies :31; l§§1§n°§$1§mml§§§1 iguklngvcir: inmcfiffererrilt varieties. It is a varietal tod to s “he” hi,“- xpgsrl 5.93% l‘.‘.‘:‘;tt’:l‘iii.'..i‘..°€.i°lf.££.€i2....... miexitsmlggqugi-edhiasng 111 $1 feed it in the fruit. for there are several . a - ~ies which have higher in the IDIm. of iodized salt llhlCh fs-il isrisi l be is now on the market include about; 511E111‘ mm"? arm‘ ‘Fags wseeg I _ - u, rauongvar eties. Hovseve . A 1 - one ha“ of l per Gen-L m o found in the laboratoriies of $118 w“ ca" “m” “mu-L ‘Mme m? g1? Dominion Department of Agricul- ab§fpp‘ymg ,§,g;§§;§g,;‘,i§‘,,‘,1‘,,,,,,§ tune that. all other thingsh f9 “u” . t. urith th es POrtlons. that is all a. fox will clean ggtlfibnggs 1222mm has eme best “P h‘ 15 °' 2° minutes “Vuhout keeping qiielity of the samples of burying same, increasing the amount that variety . as the females appetite increases ' from pregnancy, cutting down the ration around whelpirig time and gradually increasing again as the pups draw on the system of the female we should be able to raise lots of strong hssiihv pubs to inst‘ urity that will he able to resist the invasions made by the common in- testinal parasites WlllCll so often kill the poor ivcnkly pup that has been raised on an unbalanced ra-

wool, can be packed in 18-1861‘ @8111‘ board boxes such as you may 580111‘: in every grocery store where cannel goods are kept. The W001. 681119915 ' ly first and second snide. §11°111d never be 980K911 tightly 8s 1t ‘"1111 cause the wool to tanE1e- T116 W°° 3150 should not, be stored any

shrub with white berries was identi- fied as Cornus stolonlfere, the Red Osier Dogwood. I have never seen the C. aiiernifolia. the alternate- leeved Dogwood. which. on the auth ority of John MacSwain. is said to be found in this Province and would be pleased to hear from any reader

The undergrowth in nearby woods was rather Pointing in the yield of new plants: but the Yellow clintonia, a, liliaceous plant with intensely-blue berries was present in some abund- ance, and I noticed the Pyrola se- cunda, the one-sided Wintergreen with its little unilateral spike of flowers. Just going out or bloom.

The recession of the lake had left a stretch of small water-worn brown pebbles. which I suppose a. Geologist would term "shingle." The lapping of the water had brought up an equal stretch of very

length of time and the sooner it is despatched the better the srsdihs will be. Ii’ stored, however, insect powder should be 59111111195 between 1g go pIBVCTiL insects from destroy- ing it If stored for some time, tin receptacles are Preterm“-

tion . ANGORA RABBITS

Strictly speaking the rabbit is not a fur-bearer but nevertheless the little animal is classed under this category and the writer is of the opinion that the breeding and rais- ing of Angora rabbits on Prince Edward Island can be profitably carried on by farmers wives and daughters. The brcedlnz of the Angora rabbit in Eilgland is today an immense industry, carried on by all classes and a great @1911 0f wealth is being accummulated by those engaged in this pleasant means of earning a livelihood. This Island is splendidly adapted to this industry and in the hope of encour- aging some one to take L. up I pre- sent herewith some useful informa- tion on the subject of :-

THE CLIFPING

Prepare your recePtBFRS W!‘ the various gfade5 as mentioned above. See that the receptacles are Peflect‘ ly clean. or put some D8961‘ °11 We bottom. For clipping your Iilbblts you had better use a hish sins-ll table or box with a to? 317°” the size of the rabbit and in heiilht convenient to your size when sland- ing to clip. Put a. rough sack over it and put your wooler on top. T119 rabbit will stay perfectly still while being clipbed» ii you so nhvih l), in a, gentle way. Before slarimg 1c, clip, take your brush, making a pa“ "m me middle as stated in the introductory paragraph. and the“ brush the wool on each side. Re- move all extraneous matter and free all the fibres where the)‘ sis silt“- ly webbed. cotted or matted.

Now take a pair of sharp scissors thinning out on i118 611d and if P55,‘ slble, bend forward gradually. This will prevent the cutting _ of the rabbits skin, as if the points a" slightly raised. the USSUG’ Cannot be cut. Ii, lloivever, durirlg your first clippings you 511011111 9111' m” rabbit, have some mercurochrome or iodine handy to keeP ihs WW9“ ircm festering Now start to clip your rabbit commencing from tho lop oi‘ the lump 810118 the 51d?“ ills parting towards the neck. 1111B lifter line. when one side is finish- ed. turn the rabbit towards the other side and do the second side the same way. Now hold the T311‘ bit with its head prescd agflilist you. Grasp the rabbit's H111 511d

GRADING AND CLIPPING THE WOOL 0F THE ANGORA RABBIT

In order to obtain the best re- sults and highest market prices for the wool of the Angora rabbit, it will beuiccessary to give them pro- per attentlon and care to rproduce the best quality of wool, and in the following I am giving a correct method of the grading and ihc clipping of the wool. ivitll some de- tails necessary in preparing the rab-

As is well known, the anzora wooler is clipped every three months. the annual amount of wool amounting to about l0 to l2 ounc- es. The right time for clipping is when the rabbit bcgills to shed its wool. Tile wool on ihc back and sides being then about three or more inches long. The first clip- ping is done when the rabbit is about three months old. Up to that time, the rabbit needs very litzle

Bone is the most common and most efficient mineral fed to foxes. This bone must be fed in its most disestlble form which is Ground Green Bone. This should be fed in abundance from now on until the pups are fully developed in tho fall. Bone contains the necessary calcium and phosphorous to form the skel- eton of the new born pup and to, charge the blood stream with the necessary calcium. We must remem- ber that all meat especially horse meat-contains a. large amount of acid and if we do not feed an alk- Ilie to rleutraize the acid in the Ioxes system we will get a condi- tion known as Acidosis. ThLs is a condition of the blood whereby its alkaline reaction changes to an acid reaction and that is when our trouble commences. To counteract this condition three or four ounces 0f finely ground green bone should

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’ and tangles. Tangled wool is wool in

> has to be put into a separate rec-

attentioll as regards brushing them. but as soon as the wool grows again to some length, the wocler should be brilshed with a pneumatic bris- tle brush, the bristles of which should not be too close together. The brushing should be done once or twice a week by making a part down the bncck to the tail and brushing the wool to each side. al- so the wool 0n the belly should be brushed. ‘This kcops tho wool from matting. It is. of course, essential that the rabbits should bc kept in clean hiltchcs where the urine can freely run off and the feeding of tllo alfalfa. should be arranged in

clip all aiong the abdomen and 1115 hind legs care being taken not t0 injure the testiclse in the case of a male.

The wool of the back and aides if fully grown will be used as first grade. ‘The wool on the 1e85- B11110‘ men, neck and belly is mostly wool of second and third tirade-S. according to its length. To clip the front, hold the rabbit on its ears wlth its head bent upwards and for clipping the wool on its belly. lfly tile rabbit on its neck, holding your arm over its neck and its feet apart and clip the wool from the neck] downward. This part of the 6119-1 such a way that the hay docs not ping can be done by laying the get into their wool, also care should rabbit on your lap. Care should be be taken that the wool does not get: taken not to nip the teats of a doe. stained, If this, however. should'Matte<i or felted wool SlTllld first 1189mm. some dusting powdcrlbe clipped out before clipping the shollid be rubbed in their wool and'rcst of the wool. Always follow the combed out again with the brush. I line of the skin to avoid clipping the The grading of the wool as fixed by rabbits tissue. If in doubt where the spinning mills is as follows: ‘the skin runs, pull same slightly

First grade Wool must be of at upwards. If the wool is very much least three inches in length and matted, take only a small portion must be packed in locks as out from of the wool to be clipped. Pull the the rabbit. These locks should be matted wool away from the rabbit laid in a box when cut in rows, and then clip it close to the skin.

fine whitish sand. and then came the water itself. On the shingle were growing the two insectivcl-ous plants, the round-leaved Sundew, and the Pitcher Plant, both of which have attracted the attention of scientists from their "carnivorous" habits.

In the lake itself was a fair quan- tity of our native water-lily, the yellow Pond lily, or as it sometimes 09-1196! the COW-lily. The typical form is of a. clear bright yellow hue. but I was interested to sea that the Mermaid lily has the three outer Sepals 01 a. deep orange-red color,

variegata of Pernald, which is the Northern form. To my regret I did not bring away any of the leaves which also show a varietal distinc- tion. Nor did I come across any of tile horned Bladderwort which is known to inhabit the lake.

A small plant, in the immature stage, growing among the shingle in some quantity, proved a botani- cal puzzle which I was unable to solve; the identification must be left over to “a more convenient season" when the flower or fruit is present. It was not without in- terest however, since both the up- per and. under surface of the leaf showed, under the microscope, in- numerable outgrowth; of a bowl-l like shape.

As one might expect. from the proximity of a large body of water, conditions were eminently favorable for the propagation of fungous dis- eases; and many of the plants and shrubs were found to be affected by rusts and blights of various kinds.

AN 6D!) HAPPENING

The long arm of coincidence stretched out across the Atlanti and also across quarter of a century in a. very odd way this last week. I was formerly a member of a very active Field Club in the North of England, which in 1992 published a volume of historical and scientific papers. Five hundred copies were printed and of course I bought one. Twenty-five years ago preparatory to coming to PE. Island, I sold a. considerable library among which ivas this volume. A month ago sce- ing the book advertised in a book-

sent for it. On its arrival last week

which brings it close to the variety‘

seller's list of out-of-print works. I,

ians," they couldn't play boys’ games and were only useful to look after the smaller fry. so they shall have little mention. The boys were dressed in brown corduroy. I be- lieve you can still buy something which purports to be corduroy, but it is only a “pale shadow" of the

who has observed it in his (or her) {cloth of long ago. The lenl cordu- leaded. No simple metélgedhforaftaig: the roy was pickled or iallllcci lil some 111111 11B when 9119 tgigle- ma“ up disap- liquid which gave it tile perfume of equate 1°“ 15 a”

rotting herring. so that school open- ing smelt to high heaven! But its durability was marvellous; it would

PFQSEXIK 01:3’.

We were. like all healthy young animals. very active, always in mo- tion, and consequently "hard on boots." So the thrifty Northilmbrian father nailed copper “toe-osps" on the front of hls_ofl'spl'ing's clump- crs. Hob-mills were going out of fashion and were looked down up- on, but the more elegant "boot- lprotectors" were extensively used. These can still be bought, unchang- ed in form though sixty years and more have gone since their inven- tion.

Each scholar carried a slate ( there were no scribblers in those happy times) and should have carried a “slate-rag" too, to clean it with: but as the rag was a. most elusive object, a coat-sleeve was often used instead. ivitl-i the result that. the cloth acquired the consistency and hue of black leather. This slate of affairs was responsible for the in- vention of false sleeves. always of coarse blue flannel, which, slipped over the coat-sleeve, were tied with tapes above the elbow and at the wrists; these could be used a5 slate- l-ags, and also as handkcrchlefs in certain primitive emergencies. S0 you sec, a youngster in his school rig held the eye quite as effectively as would any of the black, blue or brown-shined gentry now-a-days.

Speaking of the slate, a most im- poriarlt article, since everything from nlap-dralwing to "composition" (essays) was carried oilt 0n its glossy silrfacc, be it known that in its natural state, fresh from the shop. it was quite llnfit for use un- til it had been repeatedly bathed with ink, to give it the proper col- or. This was ll nlcssy hilt fascinat- ing job. Finally holes were drilled or burned through the wooden frame. top and bottom. for the re- ception of a string, which, passing over the right shoulder and under the left arm, held the slate in pos~' ition on the boys back. after the manner of the shield on one of Homer's heroes. Boy don't likc to can-y things!