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PAGE from . THE GUARDIAN

Authorised as Second Class Mail Poet Office Department. Ottawa. The lalaud Guardian Publishing Co.

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. 'dent. and Associate Editor, In A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward Island like the dew”

"The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink".

Cl-IAIILOTTETOWN. F-I-t-IDAY, .- - Prosecutor To Elect Procedure

A new section in the proposed revision of the Criminal Code provides that where an offence is punishable by indictment or on summary conviction the prosecutor is entitled to elect whether the proceedings shall be by indictment or on summary con- viction. This means that the decision to put the accused on his trial before the magis- trate or to hold a preliminary inquiry only before the magistrate is in the hands of the prosecutor rather than the magistrate. It does not, of course, affect the subsequent elections which may be made by the accus- ed and the prosecutor when the original form of the prosecution has been decidedj upon. 3

The choice of method of prosecution us- ually reflects the seriousness of the offence t-harged and in particular, whether it is a first or rcpeatcd offence. For a long time in Provincial statutes regulating liquor and other matters there has been provided a

different D1'0C9duY9 501' trying first and Sub' opens Feb. 15th. Churciies throughout the " ' ”

sequent offences. A similar development is seen in the Criminal Code.

According to Justice Minister Garson's explanation in the House of Commons, the new section is intended to do away with consultations between the Crown prosecu- tor and the judge to determine whether the prosecution should proceed by summary conviction or by preliminary inquiry lead- ing to indictment..The new section increases the power of the prosecutor by placing in his hands the choice of procedure but at the same time it should help to cure the growing practice of the magistrate.learning a great deal about the case and the ac- cused before the trial proper begins.

Vj

British Leadership

llalloncd food, world unrest and great problems at home and abroad, do not pre- vent Britain from going ahead with pro- grams designed to make the world a better place in which to live. letter from the United Kingdom Information Office tells us:

"An expedition to investigate river blindness is now in West Africa. It is led by Dr. F. C. Rodger, a Scots eye surgeon, and Dr. Geoffrey Crisp an entomologist. The expedition has 44 cases of scientific equipment for carrying out everything from eye operations in jungle villages to breeding the flies that cause river blindness. The research will cost S100,000 and the team expect to be away for three years.

"Dr. Rodger will send pathological specimens by air to a laboratory the Gold Coast Government is setting up in Accra, 400 miles away. His mobile operating the- atre is equipped with electric light and in- struments for testing sight.

"No scientist has succeeded in breeding the tiny but deadly fly that causes river blindness in the White and Red Volta and the Sissili rivers of the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, nor is it, known how the fly survives the dry seasons. But Dr. Crisp hopes that by using the latest techniques he may be able to answer these questions. ' "The Gold Coast government, in its re port on the great Volta River hydro-elec- tric scheme, describes these problems as being of the utmost importance. Elimin-

ation of th& fly would mean that the fertile

river valleys now becoming deserted owing to river blindness. can be resettled. Dr.

Crlsp's work will also be watched with in--

terest by the. Belgian Congo, the Sudan, East Africa and South America, where riv- er blindness is also prevalent."

llearlng The Limit

Sihce 1938, the last prewar year. the population of Canada has increased, by about one-quarter; from eleven million to slightly in excess of fourteen million. Its Gross National Product-the dollar.value of all goods and services produced by Cana- dians-has roughly quadrupled, with its actual production approximately doubling during this time. But its tax bill, on all three levels, has increased seven times- from 3894 million in 1938 to approximately 36 billion in 1952. Whereas, in the former years, taxes took 18 per cent of the nation's total production, in the latter year they took 26 per cent.

Theda figures may also be looked at on other capltabusis. In-1938, the average paid Federal. Provincial and

of 380. By 1952 the figure close to 9340. alt is true that

the dollar of 1952 was worth only half as much as the dollar of 1938. But even when allowance is made for this, it will be seen that over the last fourteen years, the taxes paid by the average Canadian have almost tripled.

This has come about largely because of the vast increase in spending by the Domin- ion Government. Last year, the municipali- ties spent just over twice what they did in 1938-5600 million against 5273 million. Makihg allowance for inflation, they are

;spending only a fraction more than they '

:did before the war. The Provinces spent 'roughly st billion in 1952, against sise HTIIIIIQII in 1938. Allowing for inflation,

ttheir spending has gone up almost three , times. But Ottawa's spending has gone up '

.close to ten times in dollar value, and close ito five times when allowance is made for ,dollar-deterioration. In 1938, the Dominion iGovernment spent S2436 million. Its spend-

ting last year may be reasonably estimated '

at 534 billion. During the fiscal year now lapproaching, it proposes to spend 564.4 bil- Elion. One department alone, Health and Ewelfare, will spend nearly twice as much Eduring that year as the entire Federal Gov- E ernment spent in the fiscal year 1938-39.

I Good arguments can be made out for these huge expenditure increases, but the l point is that all the money must come from-

,taxes. How high can they go?

EDITORIAL NO IES

4 Brotherhood Week. stressing the moral land spiritual values in democratic principles,

,nation will keynote the theme, ”Brother-

lhood-for Peace and Freedom." :

0 0 it .

Microfilm is enabling famous European libraries to be restored to something likci their former completeness. It's general usei would also offer smaller communities in this country the chance to provide scholars with facilities which they must travel far to find today.

0 D 0

There is a good demand for eggs this year with prices comparable to those of last year. Egg prices on February 3rd for Grade A Large at Charlottetown were 33c to the producer, 44c to the retailer, and

50-52:: to the consumer. O O 0

Russia seems to have decided on a 'fget

.. .- .-ram cuanolan. WN ;. Ricochet

i t

9 1

PUBLIC FORUM 1

This column is open to the i, discussion by correspondents

of questions of interest. The i Guardian does not necessur- i ily endorse the opinion of I correspondents. ii

LETTERS APPRECIATE!)

Sir, ludging by a letter in Tuesd y's Guardian signed Mc- Andrew Nl'lVIll, that gentleman

does not appreciate Mr. Fender- gastls articles which appear in your paper from time to time. HOP does he seem. to like Mr. Greeirs letters, for he gives him a sly dig in passing.

Now we think they both write quite interestingly. Of course Mr. Green sometimes comes down heavily on the drink traffic. This may not be as palatable to some

itough" policy in Israel and Berlin. The pur- pose, no doubt, is to cause an unfavorable reaction towards United States policy and

cause a split, it possible, in the North At-, The monthly HEW-9 lantic Community and in the United Na-',

,tions. The greater the public reaction to ;such threats and actions the more pleased ithe Kremlin will be. I C I

Protests, including a Canadian .one, against United States restrictions on dairy imports do not seem to achieve very much. Even under President Truman, who was thoroughly sympathetic towards trading agreements the restrictions were extended to dried milk products. Unless President

States will continue highly protectionist in fact, whatever spokesmen for the adminis- tration may say. I O I

The proposal of the P. E. I. Agricultural Council that the consumer be educated in the matter of product grades and varieties is. badly needed. Too little has been told the public of the merits and characteristics of various agricultural products. The sys- tem of grading these and other products is far from simple and the ordinary shopper is inevitably at a loss unless he or she makes a point of investigating the meaning of the terms used.

I O I

Randolph llenry Spencer Churchill, more generally known as Lord Randolph Churchill, third son of the seventh Duke of Marlborough, was born this date 1849. At college he was noted for both intel- lectual capacity and a passion for exercise. He married in New York but returned to England to enter Parliament. He bitterly attacked what he called the "old gang” of the Tory party and became practically lead- er with the policy ”trust the people." In power, however. he'remained in the Gov- ernment only six months.

0 O I

A fine example of what can be done by community initiative is seen in the South Shore Musical Festival organization, which is presenting a concert in the Tryon Bap-

Weather conditions and the Christmas sea- son prevented the concert from being held earlier. The present time is opportune and doubtless there will be a very large attend- ance, every school along the South Shore from Victoria to North Bedeque being rep- resented on the programme. The organ- ization carries on without any outside or government assistance, and the proceeds from tonight's entertainment will be an ini- portant factor in m'ls'klng this year's Festival a record-breaking success. ' O

tist Hall of last year's Festival winners:

as porridge but-”'More power to ' his elbow!"

I am. Sir. etc. VOICE FROM BEDEQUI51

Old Charlottetown (And I. I. L I

ADVERTISEMENTS

From the Royal Gazette, July ,2-1, 1832:

Joseph Pope, Commissioner of Roads, announces that he will sell at auction on Monday next at if o'clock, near John Wright's, ”that part of Anderson's Road from the South West. River to the County Line; also, on the same day at 3 oiclock, at the New Settlement. on Lot. 6'1, the opening of a new Road

Eisenhower has more control over trade d lhgtidzittiigigntvmtiy tlgoplgg policies than his predecessor the United completed byithe 30th October next."

Rev. John Mcbennan advertises for a carpenter to lay the floors of the gallery of Plnette Church, ”in the usual way with brackets: to build two pair of stairs, each six ,feet. wide; to finish the front work lot the gallery, and post-casing for the support of the same; the length of the side galleries are cach forty-four feet long. and ten ,fcct wide, the end gallery forty

ct long and sixteen feet wide: ;hc contract to be finished on or before the 15th day of October inext. Terms of payment, hall

cash and half produce, at current prices." "

I James Kelly, Lot 48. "begs leave to return his sincere thanks to the inhabitants of Three Rivers, and those on the way leading thereto, ;or their kindness and hospitality to his son during the two years the has carried the Mail to and lfrom Georgetown. And now, since lthe Mail is ordered to return from lthence on Sunday. he can carry it. no longer, for reasons already as- isigncd at the proper quarter. Be-

,;ug convinced that many of thcr ilnhabltants will feel disposed to i

take passage, or send packages or parcels by the Mall on that day, he has to announce that. in com- pllance with their wishes, he has commenced running a Gig. which leaves the Ferry on Wednesday morning at 10 o'clock, and Three Rivers am Thursday momlng at 8, and will continue,t.o do so for the Summer, if he receives suffi- clent encouragement, He also wishes to inform his friends and the pupllc in general. that there is now 3. road opened a little below the Baptist Meeting-house, at the Cross Roads, Lot. 48, leading to his place, only two chains longer than to the Ferry, where they can be supplied with stsbllng. hay. oats and pusturage for horses. at the lowest price.”

Peter McGowan. eecretary of the

Dupes Of,Communism

(Hon. L. B. 1':-urson, Secretary

of State for External Affairs

in a recent address at; Guelph, Ont.)

There are the dupes as well as disciples of Communism. Perhaps one of the most difficult features of the problem of Communism in our midst is the way which its practitioners camouflage and con- ceal thelr true purpose, and at- tempt to confuse and mislead the unwary and the guillible, to use them as bait on a red book made in Mosoow.' We are only too fami- liar with the way in which organ- izations with worthy purposes have been infiltrated, and how the idea of tpeaoe' has been debased by these people for their own ends. This is a serious aspect of the problem which requires good sense and vigilance on the part of us all. We must. learn to judge or- ganizations by what they do, not by what. their Communist. spokes- men say; we must distinguish be- tuecn pretension and performance; we must ceaselessly expose the fallacies in their special pleading.

. 0 .

Take the Communist. so-called "Canadian Peace Congress" which has attracted too many well-intcn- tioned dupes. There is no doubt that this organization slavishly and unswervingly follows the line lald.down by Moscow and is un- der direction and control from that centre.

I had an experience in New York recently which proves this. On November 20, Mr. James En- clicott; sent me, as President of the United Nations General Assembly, a. letter on behalf of the Canadian Peace Congress which included this:

”.We welcome Canada's posi- tive attitude tow:n'ds the Indian proposal on prisoners of war and trust the discussions around this proposal will lead to a final solu- tion."

I replied, noting. and with sat- isfaction, their support for the Indian resolution, which. as you know. the Canadian delegation was backing strongly.

. . .

A subsequent letter was sent. to me a few days letter by the same Congress! By this time, however, Mr..Vlshinsky had laid down the Soviet. line. with unmistakable clarity. Therefore. the second let- ter from the "Peace Congress" merely echoed the Soviet appeal for an immediate cease fire, with- W'- 8!l'J prior agreement. on an armistice or for the release of prisoners: matters which were to be left for later decision to 3 Com- mission on which the Communists had a. veto.

This second letter made no mention whatever of the Indian proposal which the Congress had Welccmed Only a few days before but which now had been damned by Mr. Vtshinsky, its represenfg- five at the U. N. Assembly, as a 'rrot.ten compromise” of course,

one must feel a. certain sympathy for the Comrades. C I 0

Moscow is some distance away, it. takes time to send out the or- ders. Occasionally, they don't. catch up with the changes subsequently decided on, and the local Com- munists are subjected to the bum- iliating spectacle of meeting them- selves doubllng back.

While certain Communist leaders behind the Iron Curtain are liter- ally losing their heads these days, we must not figuratively lose ours as we confront. their few follow- ers in Canada.

Send-It Home

Globe and Mail)

There may be some question a- bout the origin of the so-called Coronation ohair of James V! of Scotland. now resting in Laurie: House in Ottawa. But there should bu. no question whatever about its disposition. It should go back to Scotland. all charges prepaid. as fast as Ottawa. can bundle it up and ship it. Even if it. were simply .1 matter of satisfying Scottish anxiety, it would be a small token to 3 country which has given us more than one and a half million of sturdy racial stock in our popu- lallon. Nothing we could do for scotland would ever approach w-hst Scotland has done for us.

But that is not the point. The point. is the simple one of honesty and ownership. If the chair is an antique dealer's hoax. as some have alleged. it has no right: in a house which has been bequeath- ed to the people of Canada as 9. national showpiece-even though while Mr. King lived it was strict- ly Mr. King's own business.

Similarly if. as the inscription .ordered by Mr. King proclaims, "in ,tnis chair James VI was crowned King of Scotland in Stirling Castle", the chair obviously be- longs, not to the people of Can-

It was never an antique dealer's lawful property to sell in the first place; regardless of how it. got separated from its rightful realm. plainly we have no title to it. We

t)'-?J'0Qe1

W .. , The Age-Old Story

4oK'llC- M) Q -co

Lay not up for yourselves trea- sures upon earth. where -moth and rust. doth corrupt. and where thieves break through and steal: but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where nelth r moth nor rust doth corrupt, and when thieves do not break through nor steal: for where your trduurer Is, there will your heart be also ... Take no thought for your life. what ye shall eat. or what ye shall drink: nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. ...But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness: and all these things shall be added unto you.

ads. but to the people of Scotland. -m-

'f. Notes. I

Serious citizens are often sorry that so many churches are locked on weekdays. Many people would like to use them to rest, or pray. or to think in. Very often pesersby who are showing the city to visit- ing friends would like to show them the inside of 3 church, and it is I. chilling experience to find the door locked. It. suggests that the church is, in reality, a. lecture hall, for use on Sundays only. Surely many people would wel- come more church doors that open every day. - Brandon Sun.

A brokenunnln cut business to a trickle in a 40-story New Ybrk financial district sky-scraper by pourng an esti-mated million gal- lona of water into the sub-sub basement. The 62 elevators in the Equitable Building. 120 Broadway, stopped dead before dawn and some 12,000 employees of 800 ten- ant.-firms were stranded in the lobby when they came to work - unless they climbed the stairs. some of the hardy did climb, but many offices and a big eating club on the upper floors either didn't. open or closed during the morning.- Wall Street. Journal.

Dr. E. W. Mcuenry. Toronto nutritionist, blames Father when the children grow up disliking and refusing to eat. certain essen- tial foods. Children, he said to the Associated Milk Foundation meeting in Toronto. often imitate their parents. They look to papa to give them is lead. This puts the old gentlemen on a spot. to he to eat spinach, or turnips. or bread and butter - which he detest.-i --

-simply to encourage the chil- dren and insure their better nu- lritlon? Maybe he should. our

guess is that, in general, be will refrain from so sacrificial andt

7 .,.&?p '?oe&5Qwm

THE TREE

I love thee when thy swelling buds

appear.

And one by one their tender leaves

unfold.

As if they knew that warmer suns

were near,

Nor longer sought to hide

winter's cold;

And when with darker growth thyi leaves are seen i

To veil from View the early robln's'

from

nest, I love to lie beneath thy wnvlng screen, With limbs by summer's heat and

EYE"

ibubbllng up from the hole.

FEBRUARY 13,595:

The Way I.

heroic an undertakin,

being on a diet, will no: beM?;&3,' help. Perhaps the chldren Wm have to learn from what is N-int. ed on the packages. London Free Press. '

If our univmnyiu to retain u.. services of I competent. faculty it must pay its members at g. 1-an that at. least approaches whu their services would command in ,other comparable institution; or in other occupations which might iattract their services. This is not what. is being done at the Unlver. sity of British Columbia. Between 1939 and 1952, the average wage and salary of 16 major Occupa. Nomi Is'I'0ups in Canada, exclud. fng agriculture. rose 129.8 per cent. However, during that period the average salary of faculty members at UBC has increased by only 56 Per cent. Vancouver News-Herald.

At. Bentley, so miles south of

Edmonton. a drilling crew wss working merrily. Its drill was down 500 feet. Then all of I. sudden the boys had a. flowing well on their hands. Nice clear water came But as they were pulling out they noticed flocks of magpies gathering around the flowing well. having a wan. derful time. They checked mo” closely. Then they discovered um they were in Alberta after III - they had struck a fish gusher. Tm water coming from the hole wu full of IlSIl. Learned authorities were called In and they confirmed the presence of thousands of Eu- caba lnconstnns - brook stlokle. back to in -- in the water. awln. nlpcg Tribune. The Sault Ste. Mule IIOCIQ) club announced ll. few -days ago that it had purchased a, phyer from Syracuse and that as soon as his reinstatement as an amateur could be arranged he would be put on the lineup to bolster a certain weak spot. In the Ontario Hockey Association players are being bought, sold and traded openly. One team was recently advertised in the press as "The best. that money can buy." It is pure pro- fessionalism and everyone knows it. The mystery is why they them- selves contlnue to call it amateur. -Port Arthur News-Chronicle.