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Covers Prince Edward Island Like The Dew WJ. Hanwl. Publishfl Burton Lewis Executive Editor Published every week day morning taxoept Sun days and statutory holidays) at I65 Prince Street. Charlottetown. P-E.l., by Thomson Newspapers ltd Branch offices at Summerside, Montague. Albee tor and Sauris. Represented nationally by Thomson Newspapers Advertising Services Toronto, 425 Univarsity Ava.

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PA>GE_t‘i-TIIURSDAY. JAi§i1iXiiY_iE.7§i?.

Pearson In Paris

In his round of talks with Presi- dent de Gaulle in Paris this week. Prime Minister is hopeful of streng- thening the economic and cultural ties between Canada and France. Also, it is said, he wishes to reach some measure of accord on NATO and nuclear policies.

Under the American-proposed multilateral NATO nuclear force setup. all nuclear weapons are sub- ject. by agreement, to release before use by a single sovereign govern- ment outside the regular NATO command procedure. In almost all cases this government is that of the lfnited States, although Britain holds some of NATO's weapons. These latter are subject to with- drawal by Britain for non-NATO use if the British government deems it necessary.

In effect. therefore. Western nuc- lear strength is American nuclear strength. subject only to Britain's ability to maintain its own indepen- dent nuclear deterrent and France's ability to develop its fledgling de- terrent. France considers this mon- opoly to be objectionable. It does not regard the multilateral proposal as a solution to the problem of alli- ance control of nuclear arms, and has gone so far as to deride the scheme as a “multilateral farce,”

Whether France would accept a genuine solution in this case, only de Gaulle appears to know. It is possible that he would be receptive to suggestions that all of the al- liance's nuclear weapons be placed under NATO command, subject to unanimously agreed plans for their use. and with elements of individual national control removed.

There is speculation that this may be one of the reasons for Mr. Pearson's visit to France at this time, and that he is acting, in a sense, as is broker in the better- ment of relations between Wash- ington and Paris. His success lnthis respect will depend on the degree of confidence he inspires in both de Caulle and in the U.S. President whom he meets in Washington next

3, “ week.

1 I

I 1’!

Mr. Pearson, it will be recalled, played a somewhat similar role of appeaser in the Suez crisis of 1956. in a settlement which eventually

earned him -the Nobel Peace Prize. '

I I : to That. has given him a status which -3 t .

could be of service in his mission at this time——if indeed there is truth

(‘D1 in the rumor that this is what his gulf‘ visit is partly about. h

{min Ontario Liquor Laws gus. Prince Edward lsand isn't the

. only province in which the liquor

"'5: laws are said to be in confusion. At

"st cu

5., matter should be completely ire-

least. Premier Robarts feels that ‘ii Ontario's laws governing this vexed

written. and he has announced that it is his intention to undertake the job. There is no thought of placing the rewritten legislation before the present session of the Ontario Leg- A lalature. which opened yesterday. Nor is it proposed to make the laws ‘any looser, or tighter, than they : are today. The need, as Mr. Roberts puts it, is to “streamline” two basic acts-—the Liquor Control Act (1927) and the Liquor License Act 1946)

tr, -—which have been amended so

" 3'} many times, and often in such haste, yin that they have become "a jumble

“fate! conflicting and outdated provis- lions.”

Legal officials at Queen's Park . '4“ tidy up the two acts at leisure.

. gaibly for approval a year from yr. But in the opinion of The

_ .- .-..s.....j. _:——e-

Globe and Mail, this will not be going far enough. “The liquor laws we now have in Ontario,” it says, "go back to the introduction of cocktail lounges by the Drew Gov- ernment in 1946. In all of those 18 years, and with all of the various changes in the liquor legislation, no Ontario Government. has tried to find out (save by the indirect method of periodic general elec- tions) what the public thinks of that legislation."

What our Toronto contemporary suggests is that a commission be named to study Ontario's liquor laws, making sure that the two acts, when submitted to the Legis- lature. are “intelligent as well as intelligible.” That pretty well ex- presses what those who are seeking reforms in liquor legislation in this Province are after, and which were pinpointed in a brief presented by representatives of our municipal- lties to the Shaw Government.

In Ontario there is the added‘

difficulty of balancing the desir- ability of coherent and comprehen- sive regulations with autonomy for local groups. In addition to provin- cial regulations there is provision for local option which can give cer- tain communities either more or fewer facilities for the sale of al- coholic beverages. Evidently the system hasn't worked out very sat- isfactorily. For any government em- barking upon reform in this matter, simplicy of regulation and certainty of enforcement are surely among the chief factors to be sought.

After Our Oil

The announcement by Industry l\‘[mist.er Rossiter that oil and gas exploration will be undertaken in the northeastern section of Kings County this summer is a reminder that. the last word hasn't yet been said about our prospects as an oil- producing province.

Previous efforts to locate oil here have been unsuccessful, but the ex- parts have not given up the idea. They are hoping that with modern equipment they can get down deep enough and tap in on an economical- ly profitable basis.

The first step will be geophysi- cal exploration work in an area cov- ering more than 344,000 acres of the county, for which licenses have been obtained by an Oklohama company from the provincial gov- ernment. Following this work. a de- cision will be made as to whether drilling will be carried out.

We wish the oilmen luck. It would be a big thing for them, and for us. if they succeeded where oth- ers have failed. Let's not get uri- duly excited about it, but keep hop- ing nevertheless. We may yet all be driving around in our Cadillacs!

Affects Big lnduslry

Canadian tobacco growers are naturally concerned over the dam- aging effects of the U.S. federal sur- vey of cigarets and their cancer- causing consequences. The 10-man scientific panel reporting last week- end confirmed charges made by the American Cancer Society and sev- eral medical health groups in Un- ited States, Canada and Britain in this connection, and it was indicat- ed by Surgeon-General Luther Terry. in issuing the report, thal "remedial action" in the United States is warranted to meet this health hazard.

It is only in late years that to- bacco growing got under way in this Province, but it has long been an important source of revenue in Ontario. There, we note, there is hope that new markets can be open- ed up. According to the London Free Press, negotiations with the Jap- anese government have been open- ed for the purchase of 23,000,000 pounds of the stored Ontario crop.

The London paper also notes that Canadian growers have been able to make initial sales to Bulgaria, the heart of the Russian satellite to- bacco distribution. Buyers there and in Japan, it is observed, will not be influenced so materially by cancer-tobacco reports that have been issued in this continent and In Britain.

But if the scientists make their health-menace warnings stick, it can only be a matter of time before they are‘ universally -accepted, and the tobacco industry will have to govern ltaelf accordingly. Already than is evidence that it is makings esta- ful saeeaemant of the situation.

.1'u.1'Ai<e THE I-llét-l i2oAi>-—

___, up1‘l.L'TAl(E ‘Tl-lé LOW ROAD

‘foo!

THE ARIZONA ROAD RUNNER

NOW AN EXACT SCIENCE

Submarine Cables, New Routine

National Geographic News Bulletin

Laying a submarine cable has advanced in the past century from an adventure to an exact science.

In 1857, sailors aboard the pioneer cable ship Agamemnon sang "Pop goes the cable” when the fragile strand parted. with maddening frequency. A stray whale once menaced the wire. A fierce storm almost capsized the vessel.

The cs. Long Lines. the Am- erican Telephone and Telegraph Company's new cable ship. car- ries sonar equipment lo chart the ocean bottom. an X-ray ma» chine to check splices. and a $3- million engine to unreel cable.

Long Lines recently completed laying a cable stretching 3.400 miles from England to the Unit- ed States—the first direct tele- phone wire between the lw 0 countries. the National Geogra- phic Society says.

CABLE INSPIRED POET

The 1963 cable carries 128 tele- phone messages simultaneously. It was laid with a minimum of fanfare. Not so a century aizo. In the midst of general excitement. a poet exulted, "Stretch on. thou wonder-working wire!"

But there were dissenting volc- es. Henry David Thoreau wrote: “We are eager to tunnel under the Atlantic and bring the Old World some weeks nearer to the New: but perchance the first news that will leak through into the board, flapping American ear will be that Princess Ade- laide has the whooping cough."

In spite of doubters and scof- fers. Cyrus W. Field. the dynam- lc American behind the old At- lantic Telegraph Company. rais- ed enough private and govern- mental capital to lay the line all the way across the ocean In the summer of 1857. lh e “Wire Squadron" assembled at Valentin Bay. County Kerry. Ire- land. The United States Navy provided Niagara, a new steam frigate. and the Royal Navy sent Agamemnon, a veteran‘of the Crimean War. to share the enormous weight of the iron. sheathed copper wire. Three smaller ships served as escorts.

The Niagara was to lay cable to the mld-Atlantic, the Agame- mnon to Newfoundland. On Aug- ust 6. 1857. the Niagara steamed majestically to sea. slowly un- reellng its cargo. I-‘ive miles out. the cable broke.

Several days later. 335 miles out, the cable snapped again. The attempt was abandoned for the year. Unrlaunted, Field rais- ed more capital. and cable-lay- lng was resumed the following summer.

The ships eventually met in mid-ocean. spliced the line. and headed in opposite directions. On August 5. 1858. after a near- dis- astrous slorm and three majorl cable breaks. the telegraph wirei finally extended from shore to. shore. |

ROYAL MESSAGE SENT !

Cautious engineers insisted oni 11 days of tests before glvlniz the go-ahead for a message of greet- ings from Queen Victoria President Buchanan. It took sew. hours to transmit the 99- word message.

More prosaic messages follow- ed. A cable offlclal in Ireland plalntively asked Newfounaland. "Where are the keys of the glass cases and drawers in the appar- atus room?" The puzzled an- swer: “Don’t recollect."

The cable's success touched off jubilant celebrations. New York fired not 100 but 200 true salutes. staged a torcliiisht par- ade. and held a mammoth fire-

works display that ignited the

1" Johnson"

cupola of City Hall and almost burned the entire building.

On September 1. the very day that Field was being honored with a banquet, the magical wire transmitted its last mes-

sage. Signals over the cable gradually faded and died mster- iously a month later. It was 1866 before another telegraph cable was laid and put successful Into service.

Lcinguoige Problems

Kingston Whig-Standard

After 165 years. the English language has ceased to be the language of government in Cey- ion. Sinhalese will be the official language and it is spoken by 8.- 000.000 of th

e 10,000,000 inhabi- tants of the country. This is not a bad situation

since the great majority share the language. However, it is safe to predict that this question will ripen over the years into a fir class issue—language differenc- es. two or more groups of large size existing within one c oun- try, nearly always do cause trou- ble. In Switzerland, of course, the practical citizenry have been able to solve their trillingual problem very niccly.'Practically everybody speaks at least two of the languages and many are more or less fluent in all three. In a country like India. where there are thousands of languag- es and dialects. the adoption of

U! 9

an Indian language in place of English for official use would be a dangerous thing. The Indians have been playing with the idea

r years- it is natur that they should. But in that country the tradition of English has been so long - established that most educated Indians use it as a mat- ter of course. Its use officially makes it possible to play down regional differences w h i c h might become difficult if one of the major languages were substi-

uted.

Perhaps our solution in Can- ada would be gradually to aban- don both English and French and adopt another language by agreement. If we did that and at the same time managed to make ourselves a little more federal and much less provincial we might finally have the mak- inils of a nation.

How Doih The Busy Bee

Chatham News

Down in Arizona. where Sena- tor Barry Goldwater is himself a very busy bee. politically. a highly altruistic enterprise is in progress. It aims to save domes-

bees from the arduous task of building honeycomb out of wax secreted by their own bod-

les.

That's what they've been do- in: for millions of years. with- out staging a single strike. Now. kind-bee-keepers are planning to supply artificial comb of plas-

ic.

The object of tests now going on at the Southwestern Bee Cul- ture Laboratory in Tucson. and at the larger United States De- partment of Agriculture at Mad- ison, is. however. not to save the bees time and trouble. The bees have no votes.

Disappointedly. it is to save the beekeeper time and expense. The beekeepers do vote.

In practice the apiarist pro- vides wooden frames inside hiv- es and also the “supers" over the hive which are robbed of their honey. The bees fill these frames with comb. then fill the cells with honey and cap them over with the same wax. Then the apiarist removes the filled frames and replaces them with empty ones

Next step is to uncap the cells. This is a tedious manual chore regardless of whether a hot knife or somenlher method is used. When the cell are all open the frames are gently fas- tened inside an extractor that is whirled at a high rate of speed. The honey is thrown out a nd flows to the bottom.

At the Tucson bee laboratory. Charles Owens invented a clev- er uncapper. It consists of two pairs of hollow. sl.eam- heated rollers with many tiny projec- tions. As the frame of ' honey- laden comb passes between the

rollers. so many minute holes.

are punched in the caps that they disintegrate. .

But the trouble was that those wooden frames just would warp, and in doing so would warp the honeycomb itself. So not all the caps got punctured.

This turned the thoughts of Engineer Owens to an integral- ed frame-comb unit of some non-warping material. He ob- tained a small mold and has turned out several hundred such combinations of various inexpen- alve plastics. I-Ie tests about half of them locally. Venda the others to Madison for testing under different cllmatlc condi- tlons.

First Lcicly’s First Name

Dee Molnee Register

Congressional Quarlesdy has started calling the nation‘: new first lady "Mrs. Cl n ud l a T.

instead of “Lady Bird" or "Mrs. Lyndon B."

The usage may spread. "Lady Bird." a baby nickname of Mrs. Jim . persisted in

DD and she came to accept it be- cause of her hud>snd‘s delimit

I.

Part of the delight was in the matchhe laltlals It gave them. which vtffll-listed in naming flselr children. pets. and reach. Bus affectionate as "Lady Bird" is for a petneme, it has he shortcomings as the fa rmal for the wife ofa '

tlons are wide. A man in the i

United States has a stand a rd

form. from which he departs

at his peril. J. William art h

middle. but only at the risk of the ‘fJ" getting lost part of the lllme.

John Foster Dulles was one of the few Americans to succeed In getting his middle name spelled out In full. As pra- sldent of the United states. Lyndon B. Johnson could start a nuclear War, but he can't eaally be anything but a Igndn B. Johnson.

His gracious Irat lady. how- ever. horn Claudia Alta Taylor, can be Ms-e. Lyndon B. John- son. Mrs. Lady Bird Johnson. Mrs. Claudia Alla Johnson. or Mrs. Claudia T. Johnson.

Take your choice. Or better IM. take her choice.

Effect Of Cold On You ng,Old

By Dr. Theodore . Van Dellcl

Every winter. the climate in some parts of the world becomes subarctic. Severe cold presents a special problem to infants and

environment. The British refer to this condition as accidental hypothermia and they regard it as more dangerous than frost- bite.

Bablea need constant warmth day and night during the first few weeks of life. This may not be easy (especially in England) when the parents cannot afford to heat the home at all time The fire goes out In the earl morning hours and gas or elec- tric heaters are turned off to r economy's sake. Parents accus- tomed to sleeping in cold rooms may open windows without real- izing the effect on the new baby.

Others b a t h e the infant in lukewarm water In a cold room. The condition is not easy to rec- ognlze because these cold chil- dreu lle still and serene. some whimpeir re to nurse. The skin is puffy, cold, and hat- dened In some places.

The rectal temperature usu- ally ls below 90 degrees F. An editorial in the British Medical Journal as ye hyipothermla often goes undetected because the ordinary thermometer does not -register temperatures below 95 degrees F‘.

Elderly victims are likely to be senile and live along in bad- ly heated rooms. Many refuse to dress properly or are inclined to to al in chilly quarters, without proper bedding or night clothing. They look ill under or- dinary circumstances and, as a result. their true state is easily missed. In addition, they may not complain because they are sluggish mentally. e sk l D feels cold and doughy: the limbs are motionless and the muscles rigid. The body temperature of- ten is between 70 and 90 degrees I-‘. This may explain why so many of the elderly prefer living in the south in winter months.

English physicians point out that hypothermia is a bigger problem than is reali . It is not confined to stranded moun- taineers or shipwrecked marin- ers. Nurseries and nursing hom- es should be heated adequately when the weather is deadly cold.

SCIAT A

‘<5’

G. S. writes: I have intermit- tent sciatica. Why is it that pain runs down the left leg at times and the right one at others?

REPLY

Pressure on the sciatic nerve from a herniated disk or in arthritis may be responsible for sciatica. The site of pain would depend largely on what area of

e root of the aciatic nerve is compressed.

DIGESTIVE AIDS

M. 1". writes- What do omlno acids come from? How do they help older people?

REPLY

They are the constituents of protein. When meat is digested. for example. it is broken down into several different amino acids that are absorbed by the blood. Proteins help older peo- ple by encouraging a good nutri- tional slate of the body.

EXCESS PIGMENT

F. D. writes: Are there differ- ent foods and drinks that e a n darken the ak-In and the eye-

NOTES BY

THE WAY“

If you are careless enough, your present car could at you a lifetime.--Montreal Star.

A nutritionist advises that If one waltzea for 18 minutes he will lose 100 calories but if he has a highball after. he will gain more than twice that amount. If you dance, don't drink.— Ed- monton Journal.