THE GUARDIAN

ruouasoa ovary weekday mmu-1' n in mm sumo. Chu- lotlotowl. P. E. 1.; by Tbs Thomson Company Limited.

"Cohn Prince Edward I-nu Lisa the nu"

Editor and Manner. Inn A. Burnett. Associlln Editor. Frank Walker lunch oft-.ucs st Summersids. Montague snd Alberion. Author- ised ll Ieeond Class Hall by the Post office Department.

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when In 1-. s. ios;.iio'.m m'li's!i-mlsiirviilctssrldnlll.-:imAIl'IT::o VHF snnum.

"Re istroirigultwsficinory is weaker-thisn the weakest. ink."

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Forty Years Since Poses

Forty years is nearly two generations in the conventional calculation so that we are 'l0da,v.two generations away from a world: in which peace was the normal condition and in which only the adventurous went "T0 the wars", if they could find them.

That, however, is looking into the past. It "lay well be that the generation now attaining manhood and womanhood will never be faced with the complete disrup- tion of life which was the common lot of their elders. It might appear to be wish. ful thinking but the alternative is dread- ful to contemplate.

The First World War which broke out August 4, 1914. was deliberately and cal- lously planned by men who had been brought up in a military tradition inherit- ed from the past. By ”frightfulness” they expected to overthrow their neighbours in quick succession. They failed, because they miscalculated the readiness of more than one country to enter the fray before being itself attacked.

The madmen who brought about the Second World War had learned nothing but that the initial blow must be harder; that "blitzkrieg" should annihiliate the de- fences of nation after nation before effec- tive aid could be brought ln support. They also proved wrong, but the blood and treasure which had to be expended in

proving the error are almost beyond cal- culation.

Today we face a world in which the means of destruction exceed by far any- thing that was dreamed of in 1914. Korea was fought in a more or less primitive fashion, but a war which directly threat- ened the existence of any great power would inevitably become one of mass de- struction. Such efforts as are represented by the United nations and NATO are aim- ed at convincing potential aggressors that ' they cannot win. They will be successful, however, only if they receive whole-heart- ed support. It is not easy to enter into and honour commitments which could be avoided with at least temporary impunity, hut the ancient lesson of the bundle of faggots must not be forgotten. Tied to- 'gether they are unbreakable. Divided they are readily broken.

1 Consolidated Schools

The report that the Macdonald Consoli-

dated School in the Kingston peninsula of

New Brunswick is to celebrate its fiftieth

l anniversary on the 14th of this month re-

calls a well-known Islanders who was vit-

ally interested in education both in his

native Province and elsewhere. Sir William

Christopher Macdonald was born at Glen- sladale, P. E. I. in 1831.

He acquired a fortune in the tobacco industry and devoted a very substantial portion of it to the cause of education. He planned and financed four such consolidat- ed schools as that at Kingston, as a model for the consolidation of school districts. In this Province, unfortunately, he was be- fore his time, but in recent years the

.principle of the consolidated school serv- ling a large area has gained much ground. , Macdonald was dubbed a knight bachelor ,in 1898. He was a generous benefactor of McGill University, the Ontario Agricultural College at Guelph and founded and en- flowed the Macdonald Agricultural College at St. Anne de Belleview. He died at Montreal June 9. 1917.

The point is, of course. that he was not exceptional as an Islander in taking an lhtercst in furthering the cause of educa- tion. His wealth, however, was decidedly exceptional and enabled him to do of his Vziwn accord much that the rest of us are Ipt to dismiss as being impossible. They Ire not impossible. however, for a people can have practically anything in the form of educational opportunity that they suf- ficiently desire.

It was. in fact,,'s disadvantage to Sir William Macdonald that he wasfnot able

9to gather great community effort behind his plans. The rest of us. less blessed with thh world's goods. can accomplish all that he proposed and more through general -nd sustained effort.

, The loll coast Tslay ,

3 . of the four million inhabitants of ';' -- 's Gold Coast came face to face with i I,-iboxrecentlyfor thcfirst fimein .11 M -election extendlns thmush our stats made upiof Ashanti,

-in colonial Africa. By 1956 at the latest,

and became the first self-governing state

the Gold Coast expects to become the ninth member of the British Commonwealth of Nations, with domlnionstatus. Pending the transition it has complete home rule, while Britain administers certain external af- fairs.

Exploited for hundreds of years by many nations trading in gold, ivory, pepper and human slaves, the tribesmen of the.Gold Coast have worked peacefully with their British rulers since about 1900. This per- iod has been marked by improvement in health and economic conditions. Govern- ment has been principally through tribal chiefs, with the British exercising final authority and paternal watchfulness.

Fifteen century Portuguese traders gave the name Gold Coast to a narrow strip of West African coastline just north of the Equator. Later the name was extended to an area roughly 300 miles wide and ex- tending 400 miles northward, embracing the four divisions. Half of the 4,000,000 inhabitants, notes a National Geographic Society bulletin, are concentrated in Gold Coast Colony, where they engage in farm- ing, mining, fishing and shipping activities. The four areas contain scores of tribal divisions, but customs and institutions are similar. The coastal zone is dry and of little use as farmland. As the bulk of ex- port and import trade is sea-borne, this 60-mile-deep strip is dotted with cities and towns. Acora, with a population of 136,- 000 is the seat of government and a cul- tural center. Takoradi-Sekondi is a fine man-made harbor. Fishing villages line the seaboard.

Behind the coastal strip in the northern part of Gold Coast Colony and the south- ern half of Ashanti is the "closed forest" -a humid region with high annual rain- fall and traversed by many rivers. Here gold, diamond, manganese and bauxite mining, as well as rubber, coconut and cocoa farming, and lumbering tap much of the country's resources. Yams, plant- ain, cassava and bananas are grown for food and for limited export. Sheep, goats, pigs and poultry are raised, but the deadly tse-tse fly makes larger livestock un- profitable. North of the forest zone the country is hot and dry, growing grass and scrub trees but few crops. Many natives from this region migrate to the -forest zone farms and to the coastal centers to find employment. .

The Gold Coast's new government is headed by Prime Minister Kwame Nkru- mah, whose Convention People's Party won 71 of the 104 seats in the legislative -assembly. Five other parties and 17 inde- pendents won representation in the elec- tion.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Birthday of H. M. Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother.

The successful revolt of. cadets in Guatemala and their achievement in com- pelling President Armas to agree to dis- hand his army of liberation indicates that the anti-Communist government is none too secure. It is to be hoped that the ex- ample does not give cadets elsewhere grandiose ideas.

I 0

Russia, according to NATOis top naval commander, is working around the clock to build fighting ships and is rapidly ex- ' panding her merchant marine almost wholly by construction in countries other than Russia. In his opinion, and it is an in- formed one, Russia is challenging the tradi- tional superiority of Western nations for the control of the seas.

O O

In Ottawa Governor-General Vincent Massey stood aside to permit the Duke of Edinburgh to enter the car first but the Duke bowed His Excellency in ahead. Eti- quette experts have been commenting that the Duke was right and that in Canada the Governor-General has precedence. It is otherwise when the occasion is that of entering a boat. In that case the senior enters last, a matter of last in, first out.

0 O O

Britain declared war on Germany this date 1914. On Aug. 2 German troops had entered Luxembourg whose neutrality had been guaranteed by France and Germany. The same day Germany presented an ulti- matum to Belgium. On the.3rd there had been crossings of the French border and Britain delivered an ultimatum to Ger- many to expire at midnight. In the war

that followed the total killed exceeded 10,000,(X)0. O O C The announcement today that the

Bank of Nova Scotia will be opening a branch at Crapaud in the near future is an indication of the bank's confidence in the future prosperity and development of that part of the Province. It has nothing to do with the bank's decision, but Crap- sudsmoysthcsdvsntsgeot beingonthe boundary between two lobster. areas and perhaps profits from revenue of both

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"I bought them these cap pistols to keep them quiet:

Jy George Clark.

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.'Windows For The Blind

Winnipeg Free Press

Eva Clare in the

We have all heard of the Braille system, and realize it has revolut- ionised the life of the blind. How many of us know that he was a distinguished organist. who gave a concert in Paris at the age of 2!). acclaimed by the greatest. musi- clans in Europe: that he also play- ed the vlollncello, and composed? He had much pleasure with his music, and won fame. but more im- portant td him, won funds to c:irl'y on his research and writing for the blind.

one of my great privileges, the last fifteen years. has been to have for a pupil, a blind woman. She had excellent training previously. in both Ontario and Saskatchewan. and is s fine teacher. I often think she should figure in the series "The most unforgettable character I have

known." . . ,-a

I 0

She recently presented me with I copy of the book Louis Braille' by J. Alvin Kugelmann. subtitled twindows for the Blind! Last month she and her sisters bougntl a charming new home. Later. she, described it to me, the trees, shrubsl and flowers in the garden, the color effects of the interior. I thought of the cry of Louis Braille: "What. is pink? In God's name I repeat, what. is pink?"

In his stiff archaic Norman- French he sets down his dilemna, his crisis. The letters are troubled, weave this way and that, like the problems he posed. They are tall and sharp pointed like his impat- ience.

To read the tragedy of this super- intelligcnt, super-sensitive boy. Louis Braille, blinded in 1812 st the age of three. who died of tuberculo- sis in a. tiny attic room, at the age of 42. after a. lifetime of toll, is touching. It was a life of peaks of enthusiasm, interspersed with depths of despair. He was desper- ately lonely. He had a few loyal pupils. and friends, but was always surrounded by unbelievable Jealousy and lack of understandinrz. .

Mr, Kugt.-lmann'.s research on the material took him to major and obscure libraries in almost every capital in Europe. As the only biography of the blind genius. it is a book to own, one of important andl lastinz value. In the lnisrestlng. background. we are given glimpses of the Paris of 1811.

From Louis Bralllc's dairy, his anguish and despair may be feltzl "Well, we have no eyes. I-low ter- ribly ridiculous it is fcr us to travel on paths laid out for the seeing. Vtl is stupid. The solution rests with it device, that has nothing to on with the eyes. Shall it be the ears? Are words the answer? Howcan I manage to see? How -is it possible, to read what. has been sat down. by the seeing? In short how is it possible, for me, a blind person. to; take my place in the world, as part. of the world?

"How is it possible for me to be: able to read what is written. no:1 long after it is written so that I am not too long behind the hnp-l penlngs? How conceitul nrc t'"1 blind to try and use the same sl- phsbet. as the seeing? We hsvp no eyes. The solution than rests with a device that has nothing to do with the eyes.

"Shall it be the ears? Our ears are as keen is the ears of the hearing, some say even quicke . Is smell the answer? our smell is also said to be sharper than that of the hearing. shall some kind of in- cense slowly waft. words to us? It. is funny, but why not? Is touching the answer? We shall come back to this. Perhaps it may be the sense of taste. Shall we lute words? This is funny. Why should taste, smell and hearing be 5 funny way to real. when touch is now You bell me

your bonnet is pink-in God's name. what is plnk.". .

In 1858, Napoleon III, Emperor of France plumed the first Inter- national Exposition. to show that France had developed culturally. economically. snd scientifically under his benign influence. I-Ia be- came interested in a. pupil of Louis Braille. Therese von Klelnert. She was I talented. young and beauti- ful blind girl of Alsatian parentage, who had studied the piano and or- gan with Braille. she had also in- struction ln the dot system, and with Louis' help soon set. up s musical library in Braille, which she used whenever she performed in concert.

She was s sensation to her sophisticated Parisian audiences, as she played stormily and tenderly, then spoke: "Mcsdames and Mes- sieurs. It is not I who play tonight. but rather a broken. bewildered. dying man. Many of you know of Louis Braille the great organist, but few of you know of him, as a giver of light as I do. He is dying today of tuberculosis, but he is dy- ing the more rapidly because of frustration. I beg you to applaud the dying man who is not here, and not to applaud me. I play through his eyes."

0 O O

This simple statement. by the simple girl, took the Parisian world by storm. She save many concerts Emperor Napoleon granted her an audience. and ordered that the Braille system is ' cluded in the Exposition exhibits. l-le thought it would be a good stunt. for Therese to be stationed at the Exposition, and show how a blind person can play the piano, under a system in- vented by a Frenchman.

It. worked and worked rapidly- visitors were tremendously im- pressed with the novelty. Thus flnally,.thres years after his death. Braillc's device opened windows all over the world, in every climate and in every country, wherever the tsp of the cane is heard,

EASE GENBORBHIP

SAIGON (Reuters)-Vlet Nam- ese Prime Minister Ngo Dlnh Diem Friday promised foreign corros- pondents in Indo-China that news dispatches will not in the future be censored or withheld in trans- mission without warning. A state- ment from the prime minister's office also said the present censo - ship will be eased. Correspondents ctmplalned of political censorship of news dispatches already sub- jected to military censorship by the army.

il-IAILWAY LINK

The railway line from The Pas. Msn., to Churchill on Hudson Bay was completed In 1931.

own. .Knowledge. I rude unprofitable mass

71: I .'..'... was 5....

Knowledge and wisdom. for from beingouo. -

I-uvo , no connection.

. Knowledge dwells ' in hands nplstc with thoughts of

, other men: - - - Wisdom in mind: attentive to their

wlth which wisdom builds .- ' Till smooiaed and squared and fitted

plus. Does but encumber whom it seems

.s'bo out-o...

n Nothing Isnnoys the noun loan-nor I-day more than having s dlsobcdient. 2 -4Toront.o Star.

Thou Mil Unhcsc ooptuls will never mum up until Illa Mus appears. with an over-siscd head having a cute little antenna growing out of the top of it. Windsor Daily Btu. I

I And thus Ilsco was the dub golfer who come in fIom's round in the high 00': and remarked: "I achieved one ambition today - I shot the temperature." -Hsmll- ton Spectator.

The tale of which engineers on

t.'onrlch'.

Knowlodic 1- proud that ho hll learned so mu ; - Wisdom is humble that he knows no more. (

-Wlllismi Cowper.

' on Charlottetown

shill!

ISLAND I HOMIIPUN

"Probably than is not a district of equal. extent. in the western hemisphere better ldlptpd to an raising of wool than Prince la. ward Island. sheep are the nu-mug of Island stock. They have absolute- ly no diseases and multiply with Brut recululty. llxcopt in the im- mediate vicinity of towns they have no cm snd cost. nothing except I "IP91! 0! III! In the stockysrd when they return home in winter. In summer the grant bulk of them longs for themselves on the com- mons and along the edge of wood- lands. With the little attention they receive it is not to be wondered at that the wool is generally coarse and that no large quantity is ex- ported.

"At least three-fourths of the total population clothe themselves more or less in the fleeces of ma- tivo sheep. spun and woven at homo, and dressed st the mills. Tho cloth thus produced. both for under- snd over-wear. is of superior qual- ity. custom having set up a high standard. snd there being A whole- some rivalry amonrhousewlvu as to who shall produce the best cloth. "Island homespun is generally either of undysd grey, or natural or black-dyed for over-wear, and of fancy plaid or mixed patterns for under garments, and is much thicker and closer woven than the arvcrsge grey homespun of Nova Scotls. The writer, a few years ago, donned a suit of Island grey homa- spun in the U. 8., and had actual- ly more than one offer to buy the clothes off his back.

"I cannot but think that were more and better wool grown and more cloth manufactured, ievery spire yard of it. would meet with a rcmuncrative market aboard. A silly and tawdry taste for istore clothes' is unfortunately growing up among the youngsters. who are not content to wear such good and durable materials so sufficed for their fshhcrs. At. the present time there no several cloth mills on the Island, with room for more. "A general way of dealing with these mills is to pay so much cash and so many pounds of wool in exchange for an agreed number of yards of a cloth 'llghtcr' and 'slickcr' than can be made at home. some of the mills turn. out really excellent goods. Among them may be mentioned the mills of Reid Brothers. Tryon, and others, and I think the woollen snufscturers made an error when they. decided not to send specimens of their goocls to the Halifax Exhibition last year. where. visitors say, they would have carried off the prises. There can be no doubt that manufactured woollcns will sooner or later super- cede the export. of raw wool from this sheep growing country."

-A correspondent in the at. John Telegraph. July 28. 1882.

The Age Old Story

Let nothln be done throulll Itrlfo or uinxlory: but in lowlhuu of mind in soil eslocm other but- tcr than themselves . . . Let this mind be in you. which was also

' twenty thousand pieces of

levelling off hills and filling in valleys. we suspect they won't be satisfied until the earth is per- fectly smooth and covered with concrete. -Stntford Beacon- Herald.

"Welles In slacks, most of them tourists. were refused admission to the murder trial st Peru, in Que- boa. unidl they had changed into its informal sttlrc. They will have more respect for the dignity of Clnldlln justice as a result of this reminder that our courts are not place: of entertainment." -Ot- town Journal.

lommnber when: The non wore fly not: no straw hots. the Thomas was crys l clear, there was no in- come tax. wars were a long way may and buss bands played the boys off, the street car platform was the poor man's club. Bsturdsy night.was "bath night" and on Monday morning we were just. bouncing to get. to work? -I.on- don Free Press.

Sunday evening on the Toronto- llsrris Highway 3,600 automobiles moved south every hour, one every six seconds. Gus moved through Lcngstsff at the rate of 1,500 every hour. Ontario provincial police checking the movement of week- end traffic report an alltime record. Traffic of such density indicates the urgent need for more high- ways in Ontario. V -London Free Press.

All English physlclsn claims to have discovered that people with wide feet have more" chance to succeed in life than those with nsrrow feet. This runs ounter to the ofthesrd complaint, from edi- torial wrlters, ditch diggers, cosl pssscrs and other downtrodden. that it's being so narrow between the eyes and broad acrou the toes that condemns them to a life of toll. -Winnipeg Tribune.

Dr. Morton C. Kuhn, bacteriolo- glst. and parssitologist of Cornell University Medical College. New York City, has come up with a new and deadly weapon against the mosquito. It's simple-he plays re- cordlngs of sounds which have an uncanny fascination for mosquitoes and which send whole battalions of them plunging to their doom against electrically charged screens. -American Magazine.

On ' In ' , Sir Winston Churchill carried some unusual baggage, purchased in can. ads. It. lnclud 4 "two cases" of Canadian apples, 3 large drum of old Canadian cheddar cheese and a cardboard box marked 'Btetson

.u u . .

Hst.s' snd adorned with pictures of

bucking bronchus and cowboys." Since he was in Canada only I my or two and never west of the Ottawa river. the British Primel Minister has managed to take home with him a pretty comprehensive cross-section of Osnsdtan life.

-Winnipeg Free Prus.

The Eskimo and particularly the Canadian imo, is currently the subject of more learned at- tention than possibly ever before. It is now five years since the fkst. large quantity of Eskimo sculpture came out of the Arctic. in the form of rock, ivory and bone work, and during those five years more than such work have been sent to museums and nllei-in across the continent. And at present two collections of these objects of Eskimo art are touring the United States. under ,the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution. But the cultural life of the Eskimo, which is now receiv- lng attention. is not limited to the field of art. A member of the Oblste

. - U!

T H E W A Y ' has A record of more than a quu. tor of I century's service in the Csnsdlsn Arctic, has now com. plated arrangements for the pub. llcstion of the first completely 0 lsklmo dict-lonu-y.. 'rm,, marks snothsr forward stop in the process of familiarization with the Arctlc and its life. snd. u Paine; Thlbcrl: remarked, "recent develop. ments in the Arctic have made publication of the dictionary ., necessity." -Halifax Chronicle. Herald. '

Dipping into tho wulth of re- cently acquired scientific informa- tion, it is found that the loudest, sound ever heard was that of 26 let planes simultaneously warming up. It was the equivalent of 1,000 full symphony orchestras-in vol. ume that is. By a process of simple arithmetic it may be shown that one Jet plans-warming up-is gqug. valenl; in volume to 88.! full sym. phony orchestras. To a young jg: pilot. this may offer tremendous inspiration. -Kitchener-Waterloo Record.

Fear is encountered in mlny forms and on many occasions on the way through life. Pear might be termed the sixth. and lhlfpest sense and it can become a powertuf asset under proper control, Tm, instinct has inspired some of thc R1-cutest deeds of history-by men who controlled it. Primarily, feu- l-' "RS101! I W9-Ylilnx signal to slen. vital acuities so that they njny take action against some pom, There is only cne danger in fear- that it might lead to panic. A man W110 315-1 fiven wly to panic is g pitiful sight and is useless to him. self and his fellows. Psnlwti-token men are those who crumple at the warning message of fear instead of taking advantage of the increas- ed powers given them through in. stinct. No one fights harder, or better. than the intelligent mm who has been warned by fear am his family or his home or his Job may be taken from him unless no does something shout it. On tn. road through life learn to avoid panic; control your fear and use it as the weapon for survival um, nature intended it. to be. -From an editorial for young people, Ham. ilton Spectator.

Bringing Home The 1 Bacon

(Winnipeg Tribune) wanadiam retuming from the U. 8. have become used to many of the irritations of Canada's tight-wad customs regulations. Most of them are aware that they are permitted to bring only 3100 worth of goods with them without having in my duty. and that mem- bers of families are not allowed to pool their 3100 exemptions. Moreover, many of-them are sor- rowfully aware that certain items such ss television sets or parts may not be included in the slot. exemption. A few know also that while they may bring s. table lamp back duty free, they will have to pay duty on a lump that is d ' ” to be permanently at- tached, such as a. ceiling fixture.

But. there is soother irritating

regulation not as widely known that some homewsrd-bound cans- dians are bumping into. one of the questions currently being ask- ed by customs ' , tors ls: "Did you buy any menu" If the trav- eller admits that he has some ba- con or other meat in the lunch box in the trunk of his car. it is promptly confiscated by the in. spcctors. The last he sees of his package of bacon is as it disap- pears into the customs office. The inspectors do not appear it know why this regulation is on the books. They do not explain whether it. is s vestlge of the days of hoof-and-mouth discus when Osnsds placed 5 retaliatory ban on imports of meat from tho 11.3, or whether it. is an Ottawa gesturt of protection to the Csnsdisi most indusi y. ' Nor do they volunteer any infor- mation about what happens to tho confiscated packages of bacon. They leave that to the travellers surmise.

The wise traveller does not bring home the bacon to Canada. H4 eats it before reaching the border

The complete Bible has been

Order, Father Arthur Thlbcrt. who

in Christ Jesus.

printed in 200 languages, and

parts of it in another 600.

Refrigeration

SALES & SERVICE Repairs To All Makes

- MOTOIIS

Rewinding and Repairs ELE(7l'l3lOAL APPLIANCE!

sop:-5 2PaInier , Electric

snzcui. cnurwsws

175 Gnftol to st.

Koumos. super wmotoorn ram

Opol Alllhy

bros I89! PIIABMAGYI .

Dial 5182 I DllNS'l'AN'S

lncesrogard

sndtomsoklnd.

HAPPY anssrinasz To ST. nuusmrs umvsnsnv

We welcome the opportunity to pay our tribute of admiration and of Good-will to this Honoured In- stltution of Learning which we of the Maritime Prov-

with pride and satisfaction.

'We are confident that with its one hundred years of distinguished record of service, this great Uni- versity will march on towards the second century of

"work with the assurance of still Greater llsofulncu and nmfuea

Service to God,

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-

I semis

I

to Canada

ms. nu.