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PAGE FOUR THE GU1:RiDiA:N

-il:t'I;i-Isea In Second Ciua Mali rm onto. Department. Ottawa.

The laiand Guardian Publishing Co.

Editor and Managing Director. Ian A. Burnett. Anociato Editor. Frank Walker.

, CIRCULATION "Covers Prince Edward Inland like the dew"

"Yho strongest memory in wanker than the weakest ink".

nnnnwrrarown ssrunou. ocr. 11. loof-

nm9n1EItBTsiEnoi at Liberty

Runnymede is a name that has echoed down the centuries as the place where Magna Carta was signed. It stands as a symbol of the fight of free men to retain their liberties, a bulwark against tyranny and a cornerstone of law and justice. It is, therefore, fitting that Her Majesty should unveil there a memorial to Allied airmen who lost their lives in the last war and whose graves are unknown.

The Second World War was in a very direct sense a struggle against the ancient forces of autocracy and oppression. Hitler had nothing to offer the world but naked force but probably he justly boasted that his conquest would last for a thousand years. His aim was to extinguish the rights and liberties that mankind had slow- ly won over many centuries and replace them with a mammoth military overlord- ship that would take no count of the in- dividual and adhere to no creed save that "might makes right.”

The young men-they were all young men-who gave their lives in the war in the air were not, perhaps, an idealistic lot. Their ideals, at any rate, were varied. They came from almost every corner of the earth with one common determination, to stop Hitler. The Nazi menace threatened ev- erything that they held dear. Whatever their personal or national politics, what- ever their. religion, whatever their hopes for the future, they were threatened by the madman who knew no god but power.

The power was met and crushed by such men as are being commemorated. Those airmen, including more than 3,000 from this country, were in the front line throughout the long years of the war. We owe it to them that the war was not lost and in large measure that it was finally won. They are fit successors to the barons who stopped John's lawless course at the little village of Runnymede.

Russian Farm Problem

An exchange notes that current pro- rluction of meat. milk, wool and other ani- mal products is on a lower per capita basis in Russia than in 1928. That is the background against which recently ap- pointed First Secretary of the Communist Party, Nikita S. Kruschchev, announced a new incentive policy for Russian farm pro- ducers. It includes. more liberal rights to private ownership and use of livestock and products. along with higher prices to” be paid by the Government marketing mon- opoly. But the collective farming policy is being: maintained.

It is recalled that the Russian Revolu- tion of 1917 was sparked by promised land reform. In 1921 the Leninist New Econ- omic Policy offered incentives for higher output and in 192.3 peasants. were advised to enrich themselves. But agriculture has continued to decline. Famines.lr.ave been recurrent. Satellites with agricultural areas under cultivation have been systematically plundered and exploited for the benefit of the Soviet Union. But for the scores .of millions now directly employed in industry, mostly armaments, the supply of both grain and animal food products has dwindled from decade to decade. Yet there is little likelihood that the new economic policy, 1953 version, will improve this trend. Thc reason is that Russia does not recognize that to be prosperous agriculture must be free, and that a sound national economy must rise from the prosperity of all basic industry engaged in primary production.

Why Higher Food Prices?

An inquiry into the growing spread be- tween farm and retail food prices has been ordered in the United States by See- retary of Agriculture Ezra Benson. Farm- ers can't understand why food prices should be rising when agricultural prices are dropping. Mr. Benson proposes to find the answer by looking into distribution meth- ods and profits. I .

A similar inquiry in Canada, suggests the Toronto Star, might-have equal merit. Farm prices here have been declining for some time. Yet food prices, as measured by the consumer price index, continued to ::limb. Indeed, rising food prlcestin recent months have been a. major factor in the rlaingooatofgllvlng. . ., ,

During August, for example; the con- sumer pl'l0c'llIII8(;u'IdVIlI&'.hlK.l point 115.? to 1163., AM again the in-

pork, coffee and lard pushed up the food index 1.2 points-the highest increase in 21 months. The rise in retail food prices is taking place while wholesale farm prices are dropping. Statistics index of farm prices dropped two per cent between June and August.- And the index for August represents a drop of 12 per cent from a year ago. Retail food prices, however, are only 1.4 per .:ent lower than a year ago. ,

Why retail pdces have dropped only one per cent, when faivm prices have slip- ped 12 per cent is not clear. One factor, no doubt, is rising wages and costs in the distribution trades. These apparently have

farm prices. No one questions the right of the distribution trades to a legitimate profit. But surely the public have a right to expect that such a substantial drop in farm prices will reflect itself in lower living costs. I

Preservation or Parliament

'Dr. G. W. Keeton, Professor of English law and Dean of the Faculty of Laws at University College, London, has written a book called "The Passing of Parliament" in which he examines the process of par- liaments conferring on government depart- ments wider powers of law making. These changes are made possible by the party discipline imposed on members of the Com- mons and the ability of governments to count on majoritiesto give legal force to almost any measures they propose.

Dr. Keeton argues that in consequence of these developments the sovereignty of Parliament is in danger of becoming fic- tion and that all the necessary machinery for a Cabinet dictatorship has been estab- lished. '

"In Canada, as in the United Kingdom,” comments the Ottawa Journal, "there has been a decline in the power of the individ- ual to influence parliamentary decisions. Rebels against party discipline are few and the proposals of Cabinet ministers are re- ceived with docility by party adherents, even when such proposals mean delegation of the powers of Parliament, which is greater than any party. If we are to have states free in name but directed and plan- ned by invulnerable executives, individual initiative is bound to suffer. It does no harm for the voters, between elections, to remind themselves that parliaments are their servants and that a man elected even if he be a Cabinet minister, has no right to trade away the rights won by our fore- fathers in battling kings, barons and every other symbol of autocracy."

EDITORIAL NOTES Tomorrow, the 20th Sunday after Trin- ity, 21st after Pentecost. O O I Today at Rumiymede, Surrey," the Queen will unveil the Runnymede Memorial to officers and men of the Air Forces of the Commonwealth who lost their lives in the last war when operating from the Un- ited Kingdom and North West Europe.

Since the founding of the British and Foreign Bible Society in 1804 many hun- dreds of millions of Bibles in almost every language have been made available by the Society, its branches, auxiliaries and sister organizations. Tomorrow is being celebrat- ed as its 150 jubilee.

I O C

The perishable nature of potatoes is frequentlyla source of loss and difficulty to the industry but one trouble, at least, is avoided. The great carry-over from one year to another which plagues the wheat farmer in a series of good harvests is some- thing that the potato industry does not have to worry about.

0 I I -

No less than fourteen Island centres were represented at the recent convention of Prince Edward Island librarians. This Province is fortunate indeed in its library facilities. Through integrated effort by the many concerned a high proportion of our people enjoy a library service comparable to that of the large cities.

0 g 0

At Ottawa promotion in Parliament and the Government has taken on almost the regularity of that of the civil service. No criticism can be found with the routine- seeming appointments announced by Prime Minister St. Laurent. The regularity, how- ever, lends very great importance indeed to junior appointments which are apt to re- ceive comparatively little public attention.

0 I O ,

Rene Antoine Ferchault dc Renumur, French scientist, died this date 1757. Nick- named the "Pliny" of the eighteenth cen- tury, he was an able and observant natural historian. He produced an exhaustive his-

the white opaque glass and the thermometer which been his name, wrote monographs on turquoise mines, the silk of spiders, gold-

The Dominion Bureau o.'

almost offset the decline in wholesale 'or'

101'! of- insects in addition to discovering "h

s

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'Cood Time-To Take Another Look

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SONG

The feathers of the willow Are half of them grown yellow Above the swelling stream; And ragged are the bushes. And rusty grown the rushes, And wild the clouded gleam

The thistle now is older,

His stalk begins to moulder, His head is white as snow; The branches all are barer. The llnnetfs song is rarer, The robin pipeth now.

-Richard Watson Dixon.

JOHNSTONES ITINERARY

From 3. letter descriptive of Prince Edward Island, by Walter Johnstone. 30th July, 1821. Con. uinued from yesterday's issue:

"As we pass out of the harbours mouth along shore towards the west, there are few settlers till we come to a place called Dis- abble tDeseble): than to Crappo (Crapaud), where small vessels load with i.lmber...A little to the west is Tryon River, a. very small river but the prettiest settlement in the Island...'I'he clearances are long and regular, the arable land rising gently behind the marshes and, both dry and convenient. for all the purposes of agriculture.

"Here the Island begins to nar- row as we proceed on to Cum-' berland Cove. Augustine Cove. Cape Traverse and Seven Mile BEN. and a little further west. I large Bay called Halifax Bay in- tersects the Island on the south- ern side, and Richmond Bay on the north, so that, I believe, the Island is not more than three or four miles in breadth between the head of one bay and the other. The head of this bay is divided into two branches, one of which is called Dunk River and the oth- er Wllmot Cove. Around these is Bedeque, which is truly an excel- lent, well-cleared settlement. The settlers, however, are indolent far- mers. and much of the land is running wild and barren under their management...

"A little to the west, Cape Eg- mont. jut: out and recedes to it cove beyond it of the same name. West Cape. half way down it, .lnd Cape Wolfe still further. But. it is all unsettled here, as it in all round the west end of the Island. But at the North Cape I have been told there is a farm under such good mamgexncnt. that it lathe most productive of any on the Island. From this the land is all unsettled till we come to cu- cumpec or Holland Buy. Here are lrregt ranges of and hills along the sham...

"We come next. to Richmond Bay, which is very large and mac- loul, with good anchorage for Shit! of heavy burdcn...0n the want. side there is good Icttlcmtnt on Lot: II, 14 and 18; on the cut- crn aide ,la Mutpeque or'Prlnce- town, intended as the third Coun- ty town on the Island. though I. a single house of it has him o been built. The land: round it were iong oincc settled, and the fire- wood" is nearly All dutroyed and far to haul. To the eastward we hi" I. 1001 track of shore. with- out any harbour, an wc'an-in at New London, where lohoonert can

yielding rivers, and the manufacture of un. . ' ' ."

completed at the end of July. The

'1.-Notes.

.'i'he Wax I.

Our, Iron Curtain Informant talk us about apnusslui worker who was walking along the street with a. friend and remarked: "It's a rotten government." A guard seized him by the am. "You are under arrest," laid the guard. "What for?" answered the worloer. ”Beea.use you said it. was a rotten government." The citizen protest- ed. ”But I never said what: gov- ernment!" "No 'good," returned the auard. "There is only one rotten government. and you know it.

y . -This Week

lint.-proofing of. the area 200 miles long and 25 miles wide along the snskat.chewrn- border from Provost to the Cypress Hills was

contractors for the extermination job rat-proofed approximately 2,700 farmstead: as well as all vil- lnges and hamlets in the area. This wcrkvntaxted in June, 1952, involved treating G000 buildings with 70 tons of no contact pow- der contalnlngancnlc. The pow- der is placed to that the rats mint pass through it to enter bliildlngr for food-and shelter. To date, no rats have been reported west of this rat-proof zone." , -Alberta Information The Duke of Edinburgh plan: to visit Canada next, summer. The itinerary of his 20-day tour could be studied wgth profit by Canad- ians. Beside Victoria "and Van- couver, Ottawa and Montreal, the Duke will visit: Kitlmat, British Columbia; Port Radium, Copper- mine find Yellowknife, in the

T-Tin lg: liiii 'Story

Know therefore this day, and consider it in thine heart, that the lord he In God In heaven above,- and upon the earth be- neath: there in none else. Thou shalt keep therefore hla statutes. and his commandments, which I command thee this day, that It may go well with thee. and with thy children aftcr thee. and that thou, mayaat prolong thy days upon the earth, which the Lord thy God giveth thee, for ever.

Roman Catholics. No large veuels can enter here...The next place is savage Harbour. which is of little importance in any respect whntever...A little to the east we come to the bottom of St. Peters Bay. which runs in a alantlng, easterly direction about ten miles into the country. This was the principal seaport at thetimc the French were masters of the Island: but the entrance has now become nanrow and ditfldult. cud wll

Northwest 'Ibrrlt.orlu;a.ndOhurch. ill, Manitoba. the Hudson any port. In other words. by the end of his tour the Duke will know more about Canada's North. its wealth, its development and its In pacts. than most Canadlnna do. He will not be alone in this, Overseas and American visitor: to this country have a notable record for making such it.oura-- while Os-nodinnl :0 to Florida.

--Montreal Gazette

"live at Canada's ten provinces,

Ottnwn. reports, "haven't touched a penny" of thg more than 82,000. c-no in civil defence funds offered them by the Federal Government this year and last. The five are Ont.I.rio, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova scotia. and Prince Edward Island. All provinces can have this Federal money on a "match- ing" basis, Ottawa. being "willing to put up one clvll defence dollar for every dollar put up by the provinces." While a variety of reasons are given for this failure to take advantage of the Federal scheme, the most direct comes from Quebec and Onoarlo-that "the Federal Government should shoulder the entire expense of civ- li defence races the country. -Halifax Chronicle-Herald

Triangular Stamps

(Moncheat Guardian)

Two new South African stamps mark a centenary that should re- vive schoolboy memories even for thoso not now interested In stamp! -thatof the triangular Cape of Good Hope. '.i.1'iey recall also one of the moat remarks in deals in stamps. It was in the early 1360s

- that. young Stanley Gibbons gave

I5 to two sailors for a kltbag con- taining thousands of the cape tri-

. -'rP9Ct

" The; Pass

manner when I reached my fav- ourite creek. I not down in a clump of bushes, ' d my pipe, and waited for a flock of ducks with whom I had an appointment Intdhigh tide. At least I thought I in . without warning a gnwky crane arrived and settled on a tree no more'than ten feet ' away. she was so close that I could see her eyen quite plainly. In them I saw surprise and irritation but hardly any fear. Is she not on the pro- tected list? I appreciated her tacit gel:-nowledgemenl: of my to- or the game laws and I told her I0. ' Then the chattering began. And what I. harsh monologue it. wool I can't say her speech was partic- ularly well modulated. nor did I understand much of it, but I do know it was forceful, And it. am- used me for. for the first time in my life, I was being scolded by a crane.

After the fractious bird had gone I tried to piece together such frag- ments of her language that I did understand and they all added up t.c- the fact that my room wu pmfcn-cd to my ccmvIny- Whit business did Ithnve there anyway? Why did I not stay where I be- longed? Cranes don't invade my territory. so why should I invade theirs? Nowldays a peaccahle. aeif mupectlng bird has scarcely a resting place Inc can call her own. If I was waiting for ducks to come and be shot I was just wastlmz myltime. They are much wiser than they used to be and wisdom begets caution.

It in true that the cl-ane would never qualify as I beadty and she occupies a much lower place on the social list. than her distant cousin, the Flamingo. For all that she is not. as homely looking when seen at close quarter: as when viewed at a. distance. Her ungain- llncsl in the air is mule up, in part at lent, by the sure and certain way in which she seats herself on a good strong limb. Her eyes, when seen at close range: reveal a measure of warrnth and affection, Cranes, I suspect. Ire like people, in that you have to get to know them before you be- come qualified to pass judgement on their good or bad qualities.

A little wt! up the stream that empties into the crack I run in- to I. beaver busily enzlltd 1" getting his house ready for winter. The house looked comfortable enough as it was but. no doubt. the owner could see defect: that I could not. Not being fl-lnilllf with the ways and standards of beavers I am unable to give an muthcc-lt.atlvc report, on the de- tails of this one's activities. Off- hsnd. I would say he was putting up storm windows.

It in warm in the october'

London theatres now take pre- cautions ngalnst playgoers stru- gling back late after intermission refreshments. A loudspeaker give: a crisp warning three minutes be- fore certain time.

9 i OCTOBER 17. 191 . r g "'” to" t - -

ing Scene;

(..

I I!y'0bnervu- ooncennmo A cream-:..n BEAVER. AND A CHIPMUNK

down a ladder can-rytng Mme thing reseinbllng a hammer. shouted to him that it was a bi early to substitute storm window i" 'c””" 5"” be P3141 no men Mon to the remark. Once he con descended to sniff- in my dlrecum and, sensing at once that. he ha. no use for tobacco smoke, I pu my PIPE Bway. i Whetlirr 111. pleased him or not he did not tzlk. the trouble to indicate but, at an. rate, he did no more sniffing '

Just. for the fun of it, with n. intention c pulling the trigger 1 pointed my gun in hi!.directio)1 That gesture. too. went. unhceded Then. I threw .. smhll stone in hi. bath-tub close by, thinking that that might goad him into mm. sort of remonstmnce. But, not Quite evlden-tly he was accu... aimed to the blufflng tactics of rude strnagers and knew how 1., deal with them. Just as I vlzu leaving he did glance at me with a lock of half pity and half relief: pity at myklgnorance of his ways and relief at my impending cl.-. parture. Like the crane. he luv probably much annoyed at my un. announced arriv;.l but..being n: s. idlfferent temperamcnlt, hg preferred the silent mien to the loquacious tongue. of the two it is usually. though not always, the more elective weapon.

on my way back, with fading hopes that the ducks would yea turn up (they never id, as a mat- ter of fact) I walked up to ; chipmunk: the tiniest. I think. I have ever seen. I have such re- gardjor this little fellow that no walk in the woods is quite satis- fying lf he does not come ncrou my path, Very rarely does he dis- appoint me.

This one was engaged in what is apparently the chief pastime of his kind -- crunching an acorn, or a chestnut. or some such delic- acy. And with that energy he gocs at itl His front paws work with lightning speed and I am sure his teeth must be, fpr their size, the sharpest cutting instru- ment in the world.