’ inida Department of Agriculture,

‘ istrong tendency towards picking

= §-etc, should be corrected.

' '3 sti-ucted nests and malnutrition.

-u-¢-a pd

menial poultry r-aisers in Princel l ‘, Edward Island is Woodrow Whea- ‘ may of East Royalty. Mr. Wheat- .’;Iey produces in the vicinity of 13,900 ready-to-lay pullets each

‘T :’c.

eason Often

Provinces. Mr.

~ -ifﬁaulses of cannlbalsim in the .:;p.u1t1'y flock are often olbscure, according to T. M. McIntyre the Experimental Farm, Ca-

ryappan, N.S., the cure for such .; ; condition is unknown.

,.~ when an outbreak occurs pre- ventive action must be taken at once. All affected birds should be 3;‘-‘reinoved from the flock, and if ::possible, other birds showing a

;should also be removed. Any- ithing that might possbily contri- bute to the condition such as poor pests, insufficient hopper space,

.' N0 EXPLANATION

-it outbreaks are frequently attri- ibuted to overcrowding, lack of § feeder space, high temperature, ginsufficien-t and improperly con-

3T«hoIigIh outbreaks may occur un- ;der‘ such conditions in some : flocks, other flocks under similar '_‘ conditions have been free of can- -wvnibalism. There is no adequate explanation for this behavior. ;-in extensive feeding trials at _-' Nalpp ii, cannibalism could rare- ‘ ly be. elated to ‘feed, feeding pro-

ONE or rm: LARGEST com-I

3 : cedure‘.or?»%'ei1u'7i;1'oirnient. This led ’:I,- to the asstiinption that dietary

has specialized in dual purpose laying strains but is gradually Shlﬁlﬂg 130 light type layers as there is an increasing demand for this type of bird. Due to a re- cent decision to extend the run-

gar and ships them to other At-Iway at the Charlottetown airport WheatleylMr. Wheatley’s entire farm will

Obscure

Poultry Cannibalism

deficiencies are rarely responsi- ble for outbreaks.

In general, good poultry man- agement will zundouibtedly keep the flock healthy and productive, and do much towards holding caiiniibl-aism down to a minimum. Anti-«pic-k ointments have been tried with some success but are considered messy to handle and require constant observation of the flock. Also, spectacles have been recently found quite effec- tive, and many flock owners are now using them on their birds. ONE PREVENTATIVE 3

At present, however, the one effective and sure way of pre- venting or controlling an out- break of cannibalism is to de- beak the birds. This is done by cuttng off about one-half the up-. per beak between the tip and the nostril. Ddbeavkiiig may be done with a knife or shears but the electric delbeaker is more efficient since it cuts and ca-uterizies at the same time. If the birds are derbeaked at housing, or just be- fore coming into’ lay, further de- lbea-‘kin-g is usually not necessary during the laying year. However, this operation may be done at any time and generally does not affect egg brod»u«c.tion. '

2-1., ‘r.§:!’3.<‘ V,‘ . .

hnportant considerations in [ brooding clhiclos inclrude such "f-thlngis as cost of fuel, fire haz- - 5 aid, and efficiency of operation. Where individual hnooder

. stoves are used which burn wood, . coal, oil or gas, some chance of line exists, altihlouglh modern oil and gas bmodems do have valu- able safety Ifeatures. For this rea- son many operators consider it Wise to use brooder stoves only

.,,

Cost. Fuel llnd Fire

Considerations For Chicks

should start it can be usually con- fined to one small house and the loss is not Itoo serious. Large op- erators however, find that labor efficiency is reduced with this type of brooding because auto- matic watering rsystemis cannot be easily installed in colony houses and more labor is required for several small units than for a large one.

A lage broodcr house can be

absorb the new 7,000 foot run- way. At the present time he is looking over new sites for the re-establishment of his poultry farm. He will have the use of the farm for the present season. Shown above is a section of one

pllant. The extra initial cost over several small units is likely to be more than repaid in a few years by savings in fuel and la- bor. The risk of fire involved in brooding can be / phacltic-allsy eli- mlnialted by Iproper iuiistlallation of the central heating plant in a fire resisting section of the building.

Electric broodens of various types have become popul-air with small or medium size producers. One -type, in which soil heating cable is embedded in the con- crete floor, has been used at the Experimental Farm‘, Fredericton, N.B., since 1949. This method of brooding is very convenient and gives saltisllacltory results but the cost where -the entire floor area is heated, is likely to be high. Electricity required for one hatch using this type of brooding, has varied between 4 :k.w.li. per square foot of floor space for -mid-sumIm‘er' brooding to 11 k.w. h. per square foot for mid-winter brooding. ' .

-Oocmrmerc-ia«1 broiler growers ulsuallyy allow one square foot of floor space per chick. With this -method, it would be necessary to ‘brood two or more clhiclis per square foot of floor space for the vfirst two to three weeks, in order to keep costs Wllllllllll reasonable limits. After this period the chicks do not require so much heat but more floor space is required. SATISFACTORY RESULTS

giving s-at-iislfactory results for lbrooding at the Frederic-ton Ex- perimental Famm. Electricity re- quired has been about one k.Iw. h. per square loot of ﬂoor s-pace ﬁor mid-sulrnmer lmoodring and up to 6.7 k.w.li. per square foot of floor space for mid-Ivvlinrter btl‘00d-

‘Infra-red heat lamps are also

of the floors in his four floor steam heated brooder house. The chicks in the picture are about four weeks old and are a small part of some ten thousand chicks currently being brooded at this establishment.

lug. The lncideiice of crooked toes has been reported from some sources to be very high under Iirnlfra-cred lamps but there is no clear evidence at the Farm that there a.re alppreciably more c-i‘o-3Ik- ed toes under infra-red brooding than in pens wiiltli Iﬂloor radiant hen-ting.

_lResIilItIs of a survey conducted in the United States inldicvate that the average cost of duel was slightly over llive cents per chick with Ichiclos started in December. ’llhIe tests were taken in various

parts of the country with differ-.

enlt WW5 of brooders. . ,

Satisfactory results can be ob- tained with many..di'ﬁferenIt meth- ods of brooding. Cost of equip- ment and cosrt and convenience of operation with consideration of the fire hazard involvved, are like- ly to be the deciding factors in the method selected.

Broken Machine Hinders Farmer

Spring is here and now -is the time to check farm machinery and equipment and obtain any necessary replacements. There is probwly no more forlorn fig- ure than the farmer who has just gone to the field to seed, hay orharvest, only to find that his ‘machine has broken down. Next in line for disappointment

is the farmer‘ who starts his re- 3

pairs on the day he should have started his field work. In checking over machines all

dirt, grease, and oils should be"

thoroughly washed away, using kerosene or gasoline where necessary. All bearings and other moving parts ‘ should be

* .rnere ten years or less. _ A circular just 'plJ.lbll:lSlhe.Cl by the

‘til ...,,‘i.,...---.._.. T 5-5;,

The life of the old type grain drill used by our -faliherzs was up- wards of -f—or~ty yerars, wlhereas the life of the modern grain-fertilizer

drill has been shortened to a. »

Ontaiiio Department of Agricult- ture entitled “The care and Ad-

justment of the SeeId-F.lertIilizer-

Drill”, points out that the add"- tion of the fertilizer box and feed mechanism to the modern grain drill has resulted in -a serious m-ain>tenan.ce piiolbleim, that of preventing corrosion of working Ipali-ts by the acids rensultiug when the fertilizer is darmsp.

To prolong the life and useful- ness of the modern seed drill pro- per trcaltiincut to prevent corro- sion is vital. The Icircular gives detailed Iinlstructions in the care and maintenance of the modern seed dr-ill. The drill should be given 13. daily check to be sure that all bolts are firmly tighten- ed, and the moving parts lubricat- ed, and lT1lO‘V|l‘I'.hg freely. A daily cleanup is recommended to be sure that all Iﬁertlizer and dust are removed from the machine.

Detailed instructions are given tor cleaning and lulbricaltion be- fore the drill is put away after the «seeding is done. No matter how carefully the dnill is cleaned and maintained, normal wear, of the maclhline will result in varia- tions in the amounts of seed deliv- ered. 'I‘lhis is usually oveiiconne by setting the sowing rate lever back. While tih-is procedure will correct the total Iamournlt sown, the damaged runs will still be over-seeding, and the other runs will be under-seeding. The circu- lar gives iiiustmctilons for correct- ing this condition, so that all I‘-Um-S7 will be umifomn in their Iseesdring Irate.

care-fullyex amined, and those showing signs of excessive wear should be renewed. All bolts and setscrevws used in a d j u s tments

should be checked for broken v

castings. These are often indi- cated by the presence of wire. While it may be true ‘that the machines were running fine the last time they were used, it is- equally true that time spent- checlclng them over during the off-season will eventually save time during the busy summer sea- son.

Polar bears are the largest types of living lbexalrs, the males sometimes weighing as much as 1,600 pounds.

POWER-H0 GARDEN TRACTOR8

4 powerful models,

over 20 attachments FROM 179.00

cosy rune payment:

E. M. CANNON

Court St. Summerside

THE FARM poultry flock a

seen above is gradually giving way to the highly specialized poul- try breeding on a large scale. However many housewives still

deend on the eggs to y‘ a la ge

portion of the family groceries. Children are usually assigned to the task of gathering the eggs on the farm. (National Film Board).

Fish By-Product Is Excellent Feed For Hogs

Fish visceral flour a new by-pro- duct of the fishing industry, was found to be a satisfactory pro- tein supplement in the rations of growing and finishing -swine, in tests at the Nappan, N. S., Ex- perimental Farm, Canada De- partment of Agriculture. T. Cam- eron of Nza-ppan’s Animal Hus- bandry Division, says the swine had no objection to the fish flour ration and their rate of gain, feed efficiency and carcass grade, were quite satisfactory.

The hogs used in the Nappan tests received a ration of barley,

A I

oats and minerals, plus visceral flour at the rate of 10 per cent by weight of the grain allowance, from weaning until the pigs reached a live weight of 100 pounds. At this point’ the fish flour was uced to ,4 per cent of the grain mixture and kept at this level until the pigs reached the market weight of 200 pounds.

Fish flour is prepared by col- lecting fresh cod and haddock viscera on board ship. Sodium nitrite, a preservative -is added to this material and the viscera are kept at a temperature of 80 to 100 degrees F., for several days. During this time most of the solids go into solution. The solu- tion is thendrum dried and the dried material is ground into flour.

I An estimated 90 million pounds

Automatic’

so HEATING EQUIPMENT I

Guardian - Patriot -— Tuesday,‘ May 20,» 1?A5§. P356 213

this amount of viscera. approxi- mately l8 million pounds of fish visceral flour could be produced each year. The fish flour used in the Nappan test was produced on an experimental basis of the Fisheries\Technological Station, Halifax, N. S. Investigations on the use of this new feed are con- tinuing at the Nappan Experi- mental Farm.

Louis Hlonore Fe-cliette, French-

lspealoin poet who died in 190

speaking poet who died in 1908, was alsao a l3JWly‘vBI‘ «and -a mem- Iber~ of ‘-the Clanadlan Parblame-nt.

;I:;Ew..: '1 a.s.:~.V!I.i; ‘——”‘ 3 Q ‘E! E’. of fish viscera are discarded an- P E I Blueberries . nually in the Atlantic area. From - - -

Show Value OF Burning - Over .

The effects of burning o_ver blueberry patches on fruit yield

-is indicated in the results of tests

on_ the Illustration Station, Can- ada Department of Agriculture. Alliston, P. E. I. For the period 1952-1957, comparable average yields from different treatments were: no burning-468 pounds of fruit per acre; ‘burned over once in three years—1,299 pounds; burned» over every other year——— 1,600 pounds. .

O DAIRY FEEDS

MONTAGUE

CEC||.'S FEED SERVICE

"Your Rallsfoln-Rurina Dealer"

. . FOR ¢ POULTRY FEEDS .

0 I-IoG FEEDS I . , 0 SANITATION SUPPLIES

PHONE 67

-.-7,’;-up-.n_-’

OUTLOOK-

WARMTH

with . ,

COMFORT

fall winter long, ,

Advanced design of Fairbanks-Morse Heating_' Equipment assures all the things you want in a heating unit . . . automatic circulation of Warm. healthful heat at desired temperature - - - quiet operation . . . economy featiires that cut fuel 0081383 plus low upkeep because -of Fairbanks-Morse coast- to-coast service facilities. So. 1001! f0!‘ the 119319 Fairbanks-Morse on the h.eal’-3118 unit YOU There is a model and capacity. for every home; with

2111 colony houses. Thus if fire heated with a central heating

You ciontt ‘ne'e_d" -tciﬁptay 52'5VO_t,O:. 5a3;CIJO or

hearing aids

offers the world’: larg_est-sell- ing, finest-quality hearing aids

F-Id OIL’ BURNING SPICE HEATERS . . . modern cabinet: ‘ in cnpdcliies for ovary and:

I19’ -—Nny, light. inconspicuous beautiful, modern, eaSY'l9°'°1eaIi cabinets‘ I 3 I " 51 5' ~ 5 '° 6 . CERTIFIED BONDED HEATING _. .. AT "5 BEST

SII IIE wears his Zenith en-

ZenIEth‘:,ﬁ;'assh'I‘o$'f tIreI3lI_at thedear—no -

ahle slim-frame fang mg C9’ Fixes

gyeﬁasseg. 1,,” K - ess conspicuous a "

-. ~ eveslam F-M DE LUXE “DOWN-FLO oIL I Deete‘aw:t°&a%! W FIRED FURNACE '‘ F M IOI. sERIEs oII FIRED

§ to-nAv MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE . . . S . I - MACE ‘NEAR WARRANTY 5_vEAR SERVICE FLA" I The ulhmcite Incil heating.‘ pecia WARM AIR FU ‘I ---—: EASV "ME PAVMEN-rs : design heat exchanger gives 99- smndard Lo-‘Boy model at l prome heating comfort. ° "'7 l°w ‘mu’ ;fQ TCOMBS MUSIC STORE 2 1 . ~ 4. . ""'.§’.'I’."“1‘..‘f.‘§'l§l.......l............;l§':.§".:;t......a..; "" - I FAIRBANKS-MORSE EGUIPMENI _: , Egg 1 F_M wv°I_ SERIES OIL FIRED -

FURNACE

— x——.— __

LERS ol-t'roMoRRow,’ I -

Milton’s Old Spain welcomes the rural leaders of tomorrow . . . the rural youth club members . . . 4-H Club members . . . and all other rural youth organizations. We wish you every success in your ventures . . . and may we suggest that one of thefavorite meeting places in Charlottetown . - . is Milton's Old Spain Restaurant!

MIIIoN's om sum

RESTAURANT 151 Kent St. ‘ «

De Luxe series in Lo-Boy, Hi-Boy and Counter-Flo Models. Beautiful two-tone cabinet. "Enclosed burner.

COCKSHUTT . . .

BRINGING You TODAY WHAT WILL COME IN OTHER TRACTORS TOMORROW.

BIGGER MORE RUGGED MORE P-O-W-E-R-F-U-L

WITH THE STRONGEST TRACTOR TRANSMISSION EVER BUILT.

I MacKIlY & C0.

Mum? River

, c

ur -._ --ow. v“ -

Your F-M dealer can recommend the unit for your requirements.

g’ The CANADIAN FAIRBANKS-MORSE; co. LIMITED . SIXTEEN BRANCHES FROM COAST TO COAFT

F-M WATER HEATERS»: u Inplete range of mod- els for operation with gas or electricity.

...s- ». w ..«g.

F-M WATER SOFTENERS . . . automatic and manual mode]: In capacities for ' all needs.

Your F-M Dealer Can, Recommend

... . . . . . - nun-t,_"‘ , ::w«-.nnua——:op-row.--ear-.. 4 on: v

The Unit For Your Requirements McIcLEOD 3. GREENE RICHARD RUTHART

Agent . I . Agent Call 101-2 10 Eden St. Charlottetown

Charlottetown

Montague

Phone 24 Dial 5198

. 1"-Qm9xI"C""‘