{AGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dolly iFuundeil in i881) Authorized u; $800110 Clan hlizil, Post Office Department, Ottawa.

The Inland huarfllun Publishing Cu. ‘Editor and Managing Director. J, ‘p. Burneiti

Ausuriale Editor, Franlii Walker

f'The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink.“

CHARLOTTETIHVN, FRIDAY, suur z. 194s "‘ A Mighty Movement

Tomorrow is being observed as International Co-operotive Day, and the occasion is a fitting one on which to note that this is the cen- tennial year for Credit Unions and the 104th year since the establishment of the co-operative movement in Lancashire, England, by the Roch- dale pioneers. In this Province the yealr marks the l0th anniversary of the P. E. l. Credit’ URN" League, Limited. ’

Ca-operatives and Credit Unions stand if" something much more important than a success- ful business system. They are group educa- tional movements designed to build IfldiVIdl-li-il and community responsibility. ln this agricul- tural Province, the spirit of mutual aid has never been lost sight of. The beginnings of economic co-operation here were in the development of the dairy industry in the l890‘s, but possibly the most outstanding example of success in educat- ing producers and in building an industry was the old P. E. I. Co-operative Egg and Poultry Society, established in l9l3. In the l920’s two important co-operotives developed, one for the marketing of potatoes, the other for the market- ing of livestock. The first fishermen’: co-opera- tive of which there is any record was establish- ed in Tignish, P. E. l. in I924. The same year the Island Legislature passed an Act permitting the incorporation of fishermen's unions. Other Island communities in which the movement has been a striking success from the start are North Rustico, Morell and Wellington.

Today in this Province there are fifty-three credit unions, with a membership of 9,500 and assets of over $700,000. Loans mode to mem- bers for provident and productive purposes in the past decade have amounted to over $2,000,- 000. Over 500 new members have already join- ed in I948, and there is every reason to 'antici- pate marked progress in the future.

Co-operative associations on the island now number twenty-eight. They include stores, creamerles, fish cannerles, etc._. with fixed’ as- sets of over $2,000,000 and net sales of over $2,- 300,000. It is a basic rule that these societies, after setting aside sufficient reserves, rebate to members the surplus earned in direct proportion to soles or purchases. The societies are owned and controlled by their members and as such are non-profit organizations.

Both these interlinking movements are part or a world-wide movement embracing over 90,- 0M,000 co-operators. In Canada alone they number over l,500,000. Credit Unions, now es- gqblished in every Province, number over 2,500, with over 700,000 members and assets totalling more than 5200,0000“).

Another organization which has worked in close contact with our cooperatives and credit unions has been the Adult Education League, es- tablished here in I936.

As noted above, the entire movement has educational as well as economic objectives which are of incalculable importance. Applied inter- nationally, the principles of the movement may prove a potent factor in overcoming the prevail- ing distress and disunlty throughout the world, and in establishing world peace on firm founda- tions.

Reassuring Farm Figures

Maritime farmers registered substantial gains in cash income during the first quarter of the present year as compared with the corre- sponding period of i947, according to figures just released by the Dominion Bureau of Sta- tistics. ln Prince Edward Island the rise was nearly 4l per cent to bring the January-March, I948, total up to $5,607,000 from $3,994,000 last year. New Brunswick farmers received a total of $ll,56l,O00 compared with $7,- 724,000 in the corresponding period of I947, while Nova Scotia registered a gain of almost 60 per cent, the comparative fig- ures bein-g $9,366,000 and $6,l83,000. In Que- bec total farm income in the first three months of the present year was $7l,lll,000 as against $50,863,000 in the like period of 1947, while the comparative figures for Ontario are $l50,~ 864,000 and $24,070,000.

Conversely, two of the four Western. prov- inces showed declines this year as compared with ‘I947. Manitoba farm income dropped to $23,- 695,000 from $24,803,000, while that in Sask- atchewan declined to $4l,480,000 from $47,- 22l,000. In Alberta there was on increase to

$69,489,000 from $59,403,000, while British Col-.

umbia figures rose to $19,667,000 from $15,- 567,000. The amounts for the three Prairie Provinces are inclusive of supplementary cash payments from the Dominion treasury to farm- ers there under the Prairie Farm Assistance Act, the Wheat Acreage Reduction Act and the ‘Prairie Form Income Act. The total expended hinder these three statutes to Manitoba, Sask- atchewan and Alberta farmers was $14,735,000 in I948, $9,5l7,000 in i947, and $5,545,000 in I946.

_ The grand total for the entire Dominion amounted to $403,340,000, or I3 per cent above the figures for the January to March, I947, per- iod of $339,778,000. Measured against the total ‘of $297,723,000 for the corresponding quarter of i946, the I948 figures are 35 per cent higher.

The receipts from the sole of livestock and

' livestock products revealed a sharp rise. These lumped from $l93,6ll,flli in I947 to $284,373,- H this year and was the main factor in pre-

y “filth highs! total income. 0y classifica-

tion, estimated receipts from sale of hogs at $02,000,000 were more than double cash re- turns from this source a year ago, and are the most important single item in the gain seen in livesock and livestock products returns. Gains in receipts were also made from the sale of dairy products, poultry and eggs.

— EDITORIAL NOTES

Yesterday was the first really Summer holi- day. '

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The prorogation of Federal Parliament will release many senior civil servants to hasten to their favourite summer resorts here.

Business and farming are both reported ex- ceptionally good in the Maritimes _ by Federal Labour Minister Mitchell.

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The l50 or so officers and crew of H. M. C. S. Swansea ore cordially welcomed to the City, and a pleasant visit assured them.

Jet flight from here to Montreal may soon be an accomplished fact, seeing it is now poss- ible to cover 82l miles from Maryland to Ber- muda in an hour and twenty minutes.

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Tomorrow Summerside's Air Cadet comp is due to get under way. The first two-week group are chiefly from Moncton, and will provide a camp O.C. in the person of Mr. Bert Lounder.

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One consequence of ending Prohibition is to make it more difficult for a young doctor to commence practice in the city. Perhaps more graduates will now hang out their shingle in the country. r

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The railway strike will begin at 6 a.m. on Thursday, July l5, if terms are not agreed upon before then. The railway employees concerned are prepared to accept a Zlc increase in wages per hour, while tho arbitrators recommended a 7c increase-o l4c difference. A compromise is still possible.

elem

Last week Finance Minister Abbott admit- ted that his experts had allowed him to quote misleading figures to the Commons. He explain- ed that state income taxes in the U. S. A. are very low and that consequently his comparisons exaggerated the amount the American would

Pal/-

O I l‘ Q

Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, died this date I843. He made researches on drugs and their effects, and introduced the homoeo- pothic method of treatment; as a result he was driven from Leipzig by jealous colleagues. He sought protection in Paris and found a welcome refuge from which he propagated his theories in France and England.

erect

War veterans borrowed $5,022,000 from the Government through the Veterans’ Business and Professional Loans Act in the year ended March 3i, Finance Minister Abbott reported to the Commons. Number of loans was 2,822. Under the act, veterans obtain funds at low interest rates for establishing themselves in bugineg; o,» professions, or for ‘expanding existing businesses.

The aims of community planning are to keep or create a pleasant place to live and avoid the waste, inconvenience and danger of unplanned development. The advantage of planning be- fore going ahead with anything so expensive as the corystruction of buildings and services is ap- parent.

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Nova Scotia is negotiating to transfer a cutlery business from Germany to that Province. lt is not possible to import the German plant, but it is felt if it be possible to transfer 3O skilled Germans to Shelbourne a plant could be started at the former naval base, which might ultimate- ly result in the employment of 300 Nova Scotians. The trouble is that German nationals are still classed as "enemy aliens" and are not entitled to the privileges of immigrants.

There is still hope for lobster emigration to the West. Fisheries Minister Mayhew indicated that efforts to transplant lobsters from the Maritimes to British Columbia have not been entirely successful. He said that a batch of lobsters was flown from the Maritimes to an un- disclosed point off British Columbia. So far the movement has not shown any sign of success." However, the department has not ruled out the movement elllfun.

Not since I908 has so much Government business been handled by the Senate as in the session nearing its end, Senator Wishort Robert- son, Government leader, said. He told the Senate 24 Government bills were initiated there, compared to l5 last year and eight in I946. In addition, the Chamber handled l4 private bills, 295 divorce bills, and more than I00 bills which originated in the Commons. In an effort to re- distribute the legislative load of Parliament more equitably, this session also saw a Commons Calg- inet minister enter the Senate for the first time to pilot a Government bill, Transport Minister Chevrior introduced a bill to revamp the ship- ping act there.

Revenue Minister McConn said in the Com- mans that the CBC ban on» political broadcasts in the 48 hours preceding an election is still in force, He was replying to James Sinclair (L- Vancouver North), who said M. J. Caldwell, C. C. F. leader, had made a political broadcast on CBC free time two hours before the polls closed in Saskatchewan. Earlier this month Mai-Gen. G. P. Pearkes, V.C. (PC-Nonalmo) had mode o similar speech before the polls closed in the Vancouver Centre by-electiori. 0r. McCorin said he could not explain why'theso broadcasts were permitted but he would obtain the answer later during study of gin estimates of the CBC.

"mic .. . .... _.-._ .

‘THE GUAR

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i 44in} By m Way-

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" Jukmskirc»

A bumper atop of strawberries a promised from the Truro area, pm- "mclll hwdquariers for the lus- olous crop. Growers contend the heavy rains of the sips-mg gun-m. tee this. provided there ls now some sun, and deliveries will stall. around the first. week in July. This is good news to those whose ap- petites ere ‘now jaded but. less so ls the prediction of e price of 50 cents n box dropping at. the peak to betiween 30 and 35 cents. Bar- gain days for slrawberrlerware as for away as bargains in anything. —-New Glasgow News.

Few expression: of fine sentiment inspired by flood conditions in the Pacific Northwest excel that. of the Maastrlcht, Holland, teacher, G. Driesen. In a letter Lo a corres- pondent. in Portland. The Nether- limds citizen has stated: "Your country has helped us to rebuild The Netherlands; the City of Msastrlcht. will help you rebuild your town. Within B short. time many objects of art. will be sent. to the United States and sold . . . The revenue will be for your town." Here ls an example of gratitude which will warm the hearts o.‘ all. _ Victoria Times.

Two hundred -‘ ‘ end soci- ologists from 14 European nations who an working for the United. Nations International Children's Emergency Fund are to visit. Brit- ain. ‘fl-ifs visit. forms part. of a four-month special training course in preparation for e comprehen- sive cempalgn to protect. the world's children from want. and disease. These eaqiertis in child wel- fare are now meeting in Paris for preparatory discussions end the ex- change of information. When they arrive in Britain they will stud,’ conditions in children's institutes and attend o series of lectures on child cue. —- Medlolno Hat. News.

One notdeea frequently that im- portant statements. clear of tech- meal verbiage and set down L: most simple words. are most. effec- tlve. A typical case ls contained 1.1 remark! made by an unidentified writer fn an American magazine, Iron and Steel Engineering, Said he.‘ "A dolls: won't. do as much. as it. used tia because we don't. do es much for the dollar as we used to." A survey o! the bulldLrzg trade shows that. productivity ls actually down about. 40 percent under pre- war figures. while hourly rates are up ‘I0 percent. Combine these two factors. says the writer, and we find costs 100 percent, higher. "Tl-lore ls an irrefutable axiom that we cannot- buy more than we pro» duoe—lt. is a pity that everyone cannot. believe it."

New light. may be thrown on the

Roman occupation of part of Scot- land by excavation, which are to begin soon. at a site in Ayrshire believed to be of considerable hu- torlcel importance. The site is at. Lnudoun Hill, the prominent land- mark near Dervel, at. the heed of the Irvine Valley, and it. 1; m b; excavated by the Ministry of Works on the recommendation of the An- cient. Monuments Advisory Board of Scotland. Excavations in i046 disclosed that. ll: had been the sire of s marching cans-p or campaign fort of the Emperor Plavlius and later of an Antonino fort. The 10ft» Wee equipped with permanent timber buildings, of which tour barrack-blocks. is large granary. and other bmldlngs have been trac- ed. -Edlnburg.h Scotsman, The scene that. was enacted on Mr. Fred Oxeribury’s farm near Yorkton last. week has occurred on WW“ 01 Prairie farms since the pioneer days. NelgHbors in vari- ably rislly around to help each other in time of emergency. ‘me interesting thing about. the bee that seeded 931 acres ln one day we: the amount. of tractor power the: went. into the operation. There were 15 tractors with one-ways (the latest. in tiller-combines) and l2 other-tractors with the more traditional plows, barrows and drills. Only one horse-drawn outfit. took part. ln the bee. This mirrors the greet change that. has come a- bout. ln Saskatchewan agriculture 1n the space of a few years. In a.- most every part. of the province, the proportion of horse to tractor power has shifted almost. as radic- ally a.s the Oxenbury bee indlcazes. The one thing that. remains cori- otant. is the pioneer splrlt. that. each is his brother's keeper. —Sa.s- lcetool Mir-Phoenix.

Despite severe rationing. women of Britain are getting larger, boon in height. and circumference. "riilo supports contentions of nutrition- ists that. the diet, though monot- onous, is adequate and that. many, smong the poorer people. are es’.- lng better than during the depre - slon. Further. they are putting the extra. size on those parts of their anatomy where it. is most. notice- sble-lnoluding their feet. Only their waists are becoming more slender, but. this only serves tn sooentuste their more prominent. features. Women have always been proud of slender waists. The sur- vey made in London. of course, doesn't. answer ‘the question of now much Inger the women would be were there no rationing. —Wind- m. Onb, Btu‘.

l

We have learned unmet-hing l- bout. canoes in Canada and, u any mull Canadian boy knows, the canoe should be paddled from l kneeling position if it. la to be safe, and so it. wu always pad- dled along the rivers of our history. Now the Olympic authorities tell the peddle:- to all. in a mt. which is u. may’: arrangement. at. out and dangerous It worst. -‘ this sf- ter several generation; of Coau- dluns hove been trying to b01011 children to pile, their centre o! gravity u low u possible. le-

foz-e making I] more rules my- u-m whitewash should

L

i the discussion by correspon- dents of question: of Interest The Charlottetown Guardian

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TEACHER GUIDANCE

__-_

Sin-Regarding recent. letters o!

James Champion, Principal of ‘Havellers Rest School, in your ls- sue of June 2B wrlies:—“ ‘Parent’ seems lo hove inany grievances against. the Department of Educat- ion, the supervisors and the teach- ers-eseolally the teechersff

By that. statement it. would ep- pear Mrs. Cliamplon got. the lm- pression fram my letters that. I have many grievances against "all" teachers. I definitely have not. grievances against. all teachers, nor did I write anything to cause such an impression. instead I wrote: "Some experienced teachers were lust. as incompetent es some in- experienced teachers." That. was a clearly qualified statement and certainly did not. igsply that. I had grievances against “all" teachers.

In fact. all that. I wrote in the recent. letters was intended tn bring attention to the fact. that most of the teacher lncomipetancy- ls caused by look of any guidance or effective supervision by the De-‘ pertinent, and that certainly did‘ not. imply grievances against even incompetent teachers.

Mrs. Champion continues thus: "Apparently in this district the pupils and the parents are per- fect." Thai. statement certainly was uncalled for, because I did. not. write anything to oeuse such an. impression and the fact. is that I did not. write about one district only. The general conditions cited are common to all districts from time to time end my letters were to that effect.

Then she writes: “Parent! tells how one child was promoted wrongly“ .Hed the psrenti co- operated wlih these teachers this wrong gredir: would not have taken piece." I ask: Would not her statement imply that. parent! should tell the teacher whether the pupils should study one grade m‘ more in one year, also whetherlib pupils should study four or eight.‘ chapters in one month, eta, etc, end would that. not. be gilldlag teachers? I

‘The object a! the letters I wrote.‘ including the one about. the actual experience o! one child. was to show the need for teacher guid- ance which I maintained was the duty of the Department. to provide, but, apparently Mus. Champion considers that. parents should give this teacher guidance. I am conv tent to leave to readers the decis- ion as to which would ‘be the mod logical method.

A11 the other points raised by lVLrs. Chain-irplon were made just. es clear in my letters as the forego- lng.

I do not. intend to continue my further controversy on this lseue.

I a.m. Bl-r. eta. "PARENT"

Old Charlottetown

.3

T0 A PROSPECTIVE SETTLEB

2 (And r. z. z.)

"I must tell you that money is of much more value in this coun- i-fy than it. ls 1n England. The le- gel rate of interest being six pcr cent. your 3.000 pounds sterling would give you 1B0 pounds (about. $900.) This of itself will enable you to live. even in Charlottetown. with great. comfort and respectibii- 1W. with your wife and two chi.- dren. You may become owner of a hundred acres of land, 28 or 30 of them under plough, a good house, barns. etc, a couple of horses. and other stock in propor- tion for from 500 to 600 poiuids. A good farm servant. will cost you from 24 to 3D pounds currency o1 16 to 2o pounds stealing (about. $80 to B100) per year. If you arc anything at. all of is former, or even a prudent. man. you ought not. only to live well, but. after s little time to be able to lay up a trifle. The best. plan for I. single man who comes out, is at. once to hire himself es e servant wltl. some farmer. and l! he is wise wlll not. insist. upon the question of

.,"The price of Island cows ls from 2 to 4 pounds sterling (about. B10 to $20) according to quality. Horses are plenty. loo-much so perhaps, and of nil prices: good farm horses may be had from 10 to l2 pounds sterling ucli (snout. $50 to 060i; 20 pounds sterling is very high and one of the best. saddle or carriage horses may be had for that. price, more fre- quently lower. Sheep are also 118D- t.y and of excellent breed. Lambs of u. good sort. may be had from 5s to 10a sterling (01.8) to 00.40) email and those not. so well bred at much lower prices. A pig of some kind is, I need not any, indispen- sable to ell classes of settler. What might. have been the origin- al goodness of the porcine race, when imported by the first settlers, 1| now of no moment; they were suffered to become delineated so that. it. hu been no mall treulur. t-o breed trhem omit."

—From n series of letters tn the Royal Gazette, llbl. by John Low- son, Esq., barrister, to a friend in the Old Count. .

consult Canadians who. Wii might soy, have built. s notion by the or‘ of the puddle. -— Winnipeg Free Press.

VICTOIIA‘! DIIGINDAIITI

Quesaviotorto hsdsflnost drsnsltvoltt-botkno ulna» r

g pueuc FORUM i

This oolumnla open to;

does not n y (- the opinion of wrreapond- eats. r

mine about. teacher guidance, Mrs. ‘

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l

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