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HASZA turs GAZETTE. DECEMBER 9.

woaxtitc irniv's courses.

‘It cannot be denied that one of the most stri- king characteristics of the age is which we live is the saw-burs desire so strongly maalthstatl by the lebouric to raise themselves is the social sphere, by attaining to a higher know a of the facts and circumstances which surroon them. The working men of England have for same time part been trying, from various motives and in verioua we to educate themselves. Some of them hope, that their class may obtain greater iolluencs in the legislature. They desire that it should qualify itself for that position by‘ the study of laws and of history. Some of them think that

era are many inexims. of morality current among us which_ tend to divide and to degrade them. They wish to find out the true principle which binds man together, and shows them what objects they are to live for. Some are impressed strongly with the uiiscliiefa that costs to them from their ignorance of the causes which produce disease, _aud of the best means of securing health. Some wish to understand better the machinery with which they are working. some feel what a leasing it would he to them’ if they could use their voices in singing and their hands in drawing. Some are pumled with a number of doubts about the world within them and without them. which they dare not stills, and three h which they long to see their way. lmpell by these various feelings, working men have from tints to time established debating societies. and societies for mutual instruction among themselves ; or they

‘~ have profited by the mechanics‘ institutes and

evening classes, which others have established for them. Much of useful knowledge, end much of material improvement, has uiiquestionebly been acquired in this way. Still it has been -felt that something more wee needed. The fregmentsr

teaching of the societies end institutes hitherto established has served only to stimtilate. not to satisfy that thirst for a fuller and completer know- ledge which now so widely prevails amongst the giest body of the working community. A great experiment has. in consequence, been recentl

set on foot. The working man of Sheflield have established amongst themselves an educational institution, which they call the People’s College, in which they hope to acquire a more thorough instruction in the different branches of knowledge

then they can_ y get by merely talking together at meetings. or by simply attending tires upon miscellaneous

, I at a similar college has also it 1 . or is in the course of being a ted‘ ,‘ ottinghsm.

, . couraued by these examples, a movement in the same direction has just been made in London. A Working Men’s College hasbeen established at 8|. Red Lion square; and this college was formerly o its first term a few days since,

v the ev. F. D. Maurice, ncoln’s Inn, and Principal

yo ego. delivered the inaugural ad- ‘ . V, a should state that this new institution ltsiata of a Principal and a coitncil of teachers and -tudcnte: and that every working man above 16 years of age, and conversant with the firat four rules of arithmetic, is eligible to become a mem- ber of it. There are to be four terms in each year ; the firat, from November to Christmas : the second, from the beginning of.lsnuary to Easter: the third, from Easter to Whitsuntide : the fourth, from Whitsuntide to the latter end of.luly. The entrance fee is only 2s 6d, and a library is in course of formation.

The nature and object of this college of the working men of London will t collected from the inaugural address of its reverend and learned Principal. “ it has hitherto been taken for gisnted," said Mr. Maurice, " that the work- ing man’s learnin must be separate from hie work—-that though they may bear upon each other, the have no necessary and natural con- nection. lt is part of the task which we lisve imposed upon ourselves, to maintain by acts as well as words that they have the most intimate connection. Benevolent persons have talked of opening the colleges at Oxford or Cambridge to poor man, of reducing the expences of education for that purpose, of reclaiming for their use all the funds which have some time been diverted from their intended ob'ects. It is no doubt de- sirable, that these intentions rhotild_be carried into efi'ect. But suppose them successful to the ot- most. what has been done ‘l—a few men have been withdrawn from the labouring class and brought into the scholar class; the labourer himself is left as he was. To him you ofi'er, if he likes to take it, sotne miscellaneous teaching in the way 0 lecturer when his work is done. Possibly you

rovide him a class for some particular kind of

carning;' this again is well. But experience roves that he rarely makes use of these advan- ges. it seem to me no shame to him that he does not, for I do not see how he can discover any relation between pursuits so regular, so con- tinuous, as those he is engaged in the day, and pursuits so fragmentary as those to which he is ‘ ' 'n the evening. ‘hose considerations feel that unless some efi'orts of s , ofa much more regular kind-

work, working men have already will he lb’at, ead of being expanded; for we are quite certain that they have an education already, a very precious education, practical, moral, intel- lectual—-an education in the family ; an ' from all the circumstances and institutions cfthe country in which they live ;, an education from the sky over their heads and from the streets in which they are walking; an education from sickness, and sorrow, and poverty, that may be turned to the highest and noblest account, which they and we are to see shall not be wasted, bt shall be efectsal for its divine purpose of making them citizens and men. The means by’ which it is hoped this may be accomplished, tltrongli the medium of the new college, are then forcibly OX‘ plaieed. " We are convinced that the first thing we have to do for the sake of our own class, for the sake of the working class. is not to seek for atrooage from the one or pupils from the other, nt to organise a society-—to declare that that society is to all intents and per a a college. consists of men who are un|its.d;l for the rpese of giving and receiving a man y ueation Ere say to annual wcrkere, ‘You may, if you please. enter this college: you may assert for yourselves a place among es, s right to share in as teaching we can give you.’ We feel that thh is the Irst this for the reasons I have given you alresd , for t s sake of uniting the ‘social

ruling of ngland to the work of edscatios. We mel h is the int lkllg‘ to do, because we do not wish say that we may have, to think they no lag is the hear or two which thaymsybasblateslbvd gtbswo-ekfev gag; . bstthat they are really scholars and members I frstsvalt of scholars at all times.

teaching of the next. The most economical course is surely to contrive that each lesson should be a preparation for the next. and that the pupil should feel were of hie For t ' on it has seemed to us that we should od'er lessons—oct l_ectures—and that at least half of each_ lesson should consist of questions ree- Pt'°ttIIg that of the former time. is end it was needfal, thirdly, to give our pepils a considerable choice of aubjaeta, rut gash might take that which salted Iiistssts or ‘resmst ti- cea, or hie _objects in life best; that where heir moat ccnsctotis of wanm help and clearness. he may be put late a tee ettainls them. it must be usbrstood,that no one is pl god to take IIP any one study which he finds on our paper in preference to sue ‘.her—thst we do not dictate the «just to him on that poini—thrt the kind of autho- rity which we should exercise in determining the studies of boys we think is unsuitable when we are dealing with men.” The reverend lecturer then went in detail through the programme of studies proposed for the first term, and announced the I‘lIllIt'l and qualifications of the various pro- ‘assure who had undeiitaksn the task of teaching in the several departments of knowledge. The programme embraces the study of theology, under the tuition of the Principal himself ; astudy of the principles of health, under the instruction of Mr. Walsh-and Mr. Hughes; a study of geometry, under a professor not named; a atu of grammar, under Mr. Furnival, Secretary to the Philological Society : a study of the laws of partnership, under Mr. Ludlow; astudy of natural philosophy and astronomy, under . ; of ma- chinery, under Mr. M‘Clellan; a study of the rudiments of drawing and the fine arts, under Mr. Ruskin, author of“ Modern Painters" and “ The Stories of Venice;” and finell , a study of arith- metic and Algebra. under Mr. sstlake, a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. it will doubtless be fall. this programme is sufiiciently comprehen-

sive.

After stating that the promoters of the college had not begged for subscriptions from the public, b-cause they did not mean to make themselves the servants of the public, Mr. Maurice closed his very earnest and very able address in these striking and eloquent terms: “Some of you may think there are some dark sugurics to set off against those which are so cheering. You may think that a year of peatilencc is not one in which we can happily inaugurate a college for the members of that class whic as been most, though not exclusively, stricken. Other provisions than those which minister to the intellect or the s irit you may suppose belong to such s season. on me say. again, that institutitions for education should grow up in a time of peace—that other interests

. than those are occupying us now—thet there can

be no hermon between the words of the teacher and the biittle-sltout. I can admit neither opinion. if ever there was the trumpet of an angel bidding mo-n castaway their selfishness and excluriveness. acknowledge that they are heirs of a common snlferiig. sharers ofa common nature, and there- fore that we should share together all the bless- ings of knowledge, all the wisdom that can either avert the greatest disease or lead to the noblest health of body and spirit, the cholera is the blast of that trumpet. If ever there was a sign vouch- ssfed to us that the same energy, the s_ame pur- pose may quicken the hearts of the most easy and luxurious. of the most suflering and poverty- stricken, to patient toil and endurance—to the calmest defiance of danger and death, that sign has been given us on the heights of Alma. All we want is the sauie common purpoae—the same resolute will in another field. All ‘we whnt is, to feel that study is not a calm, laay, peaceful occu- pation : but a battle in high places, with princi- palities and powers. cry, ' Up and at them, should come from the he t of the teacher-—shonId be echoed through allt e rsnkacf the scholars; and then we may be sure that the Highest'will inaugurate the oly war, and will make us all sbarers of the victory." Let us trust that it may be so. At all events it must be admitted this new endeavour to a read

e seeds of sound and wholesome knowledge more liberally and more elbetively amongst the ranks of that large and deserving class, who are so eagerly thirating to receive them, is worthy of every good mau’s commendation, and deserving of that high and triumphant success which we sincerely trust may attend it.

so 5’

Fact Sritattcatt 1-inn Fic'riott.—The past_history of the family of Louis Napo- leon, and the Sultan of Turkey is full of interesting and marvellous incidents, some_ _of which are probably not known to_ our readere.—Therc two Monarchs, now so cordielly united in the struggle to maintain the integrity of the Ottoman empire, are both grandsons of American ladies. These ladies were born in the satne neighbour- hood in the island of Martinique, one of the West indies. They were of French origin, and com nion's and intimate friends in childh and youth. They were Joseph- ine do Teacher ar-ll a Miss S. The history of Jose hine is enerally known. She went to rance and married M. Beauhar- naie, by whom she had one son, Eugene, and a daughter, Hortense. some time alter the death of Beauharnais, Josephine was married to Na na rte, and became France. or daugh- ter Hortense was married to Joseph Bona- psrte, than Kin of Holland, and the pre- sent Emperor 0 France is hgr son by this marriage. Miss 8. quitted the Island of Mei-tiniqus some time before her friend. But the vessel that was carrying her to France was attacked and taken by Alger- inc corsairs, and the crew and passengers were made prisoners. But this corsair ship was in turn attacked and pillsged by Turin pirates, and Miss S. - was carried b ‘ them to Constantinople and cfi'ered for sale as a slave. accomplishment found her a purchaser in the 3t.IllfI‘IIdlIl:?O:‘f and am ‘earns blecame thocbie ay tese utaneea of Turkey. mood? ,

reigns who now occupy so large a space is

the world's eye, are g ‘AIOHGII creole girls, who were in their youth, and were as rema for their beadty and as fir their varied and singular ht-roses. Beth these women, is the height of thirpewer, remembered all the friends oftbeir youth, ii" of the '-Hm an N the ad of setdedm ‘ee-

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ARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC AND AFRICA AT NEW YORK.

The Collins’ Steamship Baltic arrived at New York on the Nth of November, and the Royal Mail Stesmsbip, co the filth.

The Allies are preparing-to stortn Sebas- tcpol before the Russisns can recover their losses, and a,precticable breach has been efi'ectcd.

Filly thousand French troops are to be sent to the Crimea, England paying half the expense.

All our shipping are clearing out of the harbor of Balaklsva as fast or possible, as, in the event of the enemy turning our right flank, they can destroy the whole of the ship- ping in a short time, its the entrance of the herbor is so narrow, with very high land on either aide.

The charge of the light brigade of cavalry on the batteries of the enetny, some 30 guns strong, though brilliant and bravely done, was most disastrous in its conse uen- ces to that gnllsnt end devoted ban , for it seems that out of 700, who went into the frsy,only 130 answered the roll when it was

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The war news was exciting the most intense anxiety in England and France. Lord Raglen and Gen. Cnnrobert had sent the most urgent demands to their respective governments for immediate reinforcements, and the greatest hosts was manifested to. meet them. Seven first-class steamers lied been taken up for instant service, and others were wanted. c Alps sailed on the llth for Toulon. The Eitrope would go to Kingston on the 18th, and a great number of others were under orders to embark troops. _

The disastrous result to the English of the battle of the %th is confirmed, although it is not quite so bad as at first represented. The great carnage was owing to the mis- conrtruction of an order from the com- mnndcr-in-chief, that Lords Cardigan and Lucan rode the light horse over it plain a mile and a bnlfin length, exposed to a cross lire, full at it Russian bettery ofthirty guns. The attempt was madness, and the result destruction. Out of 607 only 1% returned, and these must also hitvc been destroyed but for is magnificent charge to their rescue by the heavy dragoons and the brave stnnd of the Highlanders, by which the deywas redeeme .

Gen. Csnrobert’s ollicial report of the battle of the 5th of November, is published in the Monitenr of the 13th. He says-

“ The Russian Army, swollen by rain- forcements from the anube, as well as by cotnbined roservcs_of till the southern pro- ‘ animated by the resence of the Grand Dukes Michael on Nicholas, attacked yestcrdey, Nov. 5, the right of the English position before Sebnstopol. The English army sustained the attack with most remarkable firmness and solidity. It was supptuted b a portion of Gen. Boequet's ivision,’ which ought with admirable vigor, as well gs'by the troops which were nearest to the English position. The enemy, which far out our force, best a retreat with a loss estimated at from eight to nine thbusand men. The struggle lested ‘the whole day. At the same time, n. c was forced to repulse a sortie, mode by the garrison, and, ‘under his energetic com- mend, the enemy were driven back again into the piece, with a loss of one thousand killed end wounded.

This brilliant day, which was not pur- chased without considernble loss to the allies, does the greatest honor to our arms.

e siege continues with regularity. Wednesday -morni,ng.—It is telegraphed from Vienna, that Gortschakotf, the dlplo-‘ matist, has announced oficially to Count Boul, that Russia is prepared to treat direct with Austria on the basis of the four conditions. This is considered as a pable attempt to cause dissention between Austria and the western powers.

On the 15th the Germanic confederation was to occupy itself with the war question. All the smaller German states have their ermles on war ting. The statement is, that Austria will not take the field under any circumstances against Russia until the spring, and that main has expressed a willin use to with- withdrew its troops from the usti-ian iron- tier during the winter, and place them in some other equally advantageous strategic position. Austria, whi accepting this so- commodation, will continue her armaments. There is e rumourin Vienna, that Roths- child. finding his recent tflirchase of the Austrian railways a bad bargain, ofihrs the .'govei-uinsut a loan of ‘l)0,000,0lI) ll-ancs to cancel the agreement. Although no general action was fought in the rimes from 27th of October to the 6th of N ovsmher the interval is described "rm pane? Lbrd it I ll tis re , t at an as s- bcrd ard' an frem.his r rsshness in the ergo which pro_v_t-d so disastrous is re.

At ‘Vienna. the re r was, that a few

' won d compel the allies ' . Msnsehikolappsars to

' , foria w to

. , ' he says--" it will h_ impos-

_sible for the allies to continue the siege,

and I will continue to harass them."

The Paris G. ocf the Lcsldues

Times to re , that ii. anrobert d assured |.th‘e 5:‘ the

Arrival of the Africa.

New Yorf, November W.—.'1_‘h° Clmfld stesmsbi Africa, Capt. Harrison, from Liverpco _ lflh inst. arrived at her dock that-tly homes 5 this allernoon. She brings 06 passengers. The next news will be brou ht by the stearnsbi Union, from Soul ainpton, and will be our days later, altar which there will be'an interval of a week, owing to the withdrawal of the Niagara. _

A pause has ensued in the field fighting before Sebnstopol. Despatches from both English and Russian sources any that the siege is proceeding with regularity, and that preparations ere making for the assault. Both parties are in went of reinforcements, the besi on much more so than the be- sieged. he Russians begin to want sm- munition. The sllies are reduced by bottle and disease to filly thousand men, which causes much alarm in England and France, and the utmost eflbrts were making to send instnnt reinforcements. All the mail steam- ers are chsrtered to carry forward the troops for the relict of the Allies.

Wini-.r was settiur: in with great severity, and the weather on the Black Sea was very heavy. Two Turkish frigstcs bed been wrecked.

The great hospital in Sebnstopol which contained 2000 wounded Russians, had been set fire to and destroyed by the bom- bardment of the silica.

It was expected in the French camp,lhst an assault would be_maoe upon Sebnstopol the inst., and it probably would have been, had not the Russians so fiercely

weress weakened iatheahircfthe ‘-

attacked the Allied positions.

e British were to lend the assault on the storming of Sebnstopol, and eight thou- sitnd Frenchmen had oticred themselves as volunteers in the assault, but only four thousand, under the commend of Prince Napoleon had been selected. The first ettsck was to have been made upon the cemeter .

On the 4th of November the firing was slack on both sides. Preparations were activel made on that day for storming, end scaling ladders had been ordered up.

our Russian ships, one, the Twelve Apostles. the largest ship in the Russian navy, had been sunk.

Conllagrations were continunlly occurring in the cit from the red hot shell fired by the allies, and water was getting exceeding- ly scnrce.

Sickness was on the increase in allied camp. The cold was severe nt night.