15'!" K ' .

‘Coven Prince Edward Island Like the Dew‘ Published every week-day morning at 136 Princr Street. Charlottetown. P. E. l.. by The Thomson r - ' Company Limited.

Editor and Manager. inn A. Burnett.

' Associate Editor. Frank Walker. .arsnch offices at Summerstde. Montague .Alherton. Authorized as Second Class Mail :‘.he Post Office Department, Ottawa.

By Carrier: Charlottetown. Siimmerside $15.00 per unnum. l:2lsewhei'e_in P. E‘. I. 59.00. Utner Brav- lpces and U. S. A. $12.00 per annum.

and by

“jibe Itromgest II|l'I!I0l'.V—|!.—\\'B.I:el than the weakest Ink.”

lied Shield Appeal

'I‘he Red Shield of the Salvation Arrny :is a welcome symbol to countless people \\ear_v from iii‘c's struggle. To old and young, at home or abroad. the insignia of the “Army” means that there is friendly help at hand, practical assistance sLiited to ‘the needs of those whose defences are bad- _ly in need of strcngtlieiiing. It would take a book even to list the variety of the Sal~ vation Army's scrvires to all conditions of ypeopie.

The l’roviiiciai Red Shield and Sunset Lodge Campaign has already got. under way under the chairmanship of Mr. Nor- ;man W. Lowthcr, Q.C. The Churlottetowii public canvas begins Friday, the chairmen being Arthur G. Hogan and Russell Seller. The city and Province have always gen- 'erou'sly supported the work of the Salva- tion Army and will undoubtedly do so at ' this time.

For those regular contributors who year

after year can be depended upon to make their donation it may not be out of order ’to point out that if they have not revised their scale of giving in the last few years it may well be less than they really intend to give. It is not always realized that co. s today are high for social work as they are well known to be for private liv ‘lug. ’ . . Most people, would like to give when and :how it will do the most good. They can sure that their intentions will be car- ried oiit with zeal and understanding by the dedicated 'Army."

Valuable Service

A recent release by the National Re- search Council of Canada reveals that scholarships amounting in value to $283.- 200 have been granted to 236 Canadians for specialized studies in scientific fields. In all 37 special awards were granted for Overseas study. These scholarships em- phasize one of the many lines of endeavor in which the Council is making its impact felt on the national scene. Last year, ‘for example, it provided $2 millions for the support of fundamental research in uni- Versities.

The National Research Council. com- posed of twenty leading citizens represent- ing all parts of the nation and many inter- ests, was cstahlishcd to ‘promote research for improved use of Canadian raw ma- terials. Initially it sought only to train scientists who could work out solutions to national industrial problems, but it now has expanded to the stage where it pro- vides two regional laboratories for sec- tional problems (one at Saskatoon‘, the oth- _er at Halifax). along with investigation 0.’ '.-specific national problems, pure and ap- . , . . ,piied research, and the provision of a con- sulting laboratory service for industry. The Council's interests cover the spec- lilalized field of chemistry, physics, engineer- .ing and medical research. This work is ‘almost invariably of a nature. which most ilndustriai concerns cannot tackle. iRCkif‘|:'I both the financial and tcclinicai L'Qllil')-l'l1(‘lli. ‘which is at the disposal of the Council.

How It Happened

T,It is announced at Ottawa that the Fed- ‘.‘'eral Department of Defence Production 1: ‘toibe made a permanent department at ,Government. The Act under which the present Department. operates is a tempor- .ary one and expires in 1956. Unless thcrc is a very large and unlocked for reduction .ln defence expenditurcs—-now running -zii ;some $2,000 millions per ycar——this tempor- fary statute will be replaced by a permanent Lone.

It will not generally be appreciated, "says the Winnipeg Free Press. but it is a :;fact that the purchase of defence supplies ‘by business men rather than military men ,;ls due entirely to the Bren Gun contro- lversy. In the years immediately preceding the recent war the National Defence'De- ?partment._ through the Ordinance Branch, 3 did aiilts own buying. The responsibility ,."for expenditures on war equipment and ‘farmaments rested wholly with the armed ‘services.

The first Bren Gun contract, awarded "by..._the Defence Department in the late 1930’: was so. manifestly extravagant that a number of publications publicly denounc- ed_- it. A major controversy developed,

' in the appointment of a Royal Com-

"fiic report of the late Mr. JuIt.ico,,DlvlI of the ‘supreme Court of ‘ .3 ~¥bc. inY°'“lI“9“-

r. .u n

1

c.

is responsible for the complete separation of defence purchasing from the armed seniices. This was his major recommenda- tion and it was acted upon in 1939 by the appointment of a purchasing commission to buy for all three armed services. In tiie first year of the war, this commission was converted into a Department of Govern- ment, with Rt. Hon. C. D. Howe in charge.

After the war, when there seemed a prospect of real peace, the Federal Govern- mcnt continued civilian buying on a temp- orary footing. The Department remained in existence but the statute creating it put a limit to its life. Now apparently the lim- itation is to be removed——a consequence of the refusal of the Communists to allow this world to settle down to peace and hap- piness.

Thus the decision taken in the Bren Gun inquiry has never been.reversed. Our defence purchasing continues and will con- tinue to be done entirely by civilians. It is a curious fact that the importance of Mr. Justice Davis‘ recommendation ivas not gen- erally recognized at the time he made his report. But in retrospect it will be recog- nized as one of the major reforms in go)!- ernment achieved in the past half celi- tury.

A Sad Story

Charles Lagon is a schoolteacher in a small town in I\'orthern France, His neighbours refer to him as “the saint" be- cause of his easygoing, pious, and charit- able ways. He never becomes angry nor

even annoyed at the sometimes obstreper-

ous moods of his pupils; the only punish- ment he hands out, even for the most un- ruly boys, is line-writing which, as every teacher knows, is the most ineffective of all disciplinary measures. The youngsters under his care are convinced that M. Lagon is the very best teacher in the world; their parents, however, take a somewhat differ- cnt attitude. In fact, according to an item in the London Daily Express. parental in- dignation at the teacher's saintiiness has reached the point where his license is in grave danger of being revoked.

The principal charge against M. Lagon is that under his saintly supervision, unac- companied by any sort of control, ten-year- old youngsters cannot even read or write. This is a sad. sad story, whichever way one looks at it. For the pupils it almost certainly will mean a change from care- free status to one in which they will have scarcely an untroubled m em; for, ten

chances to one, the new teacher will be‘

everything the present one is not. For the parents it will mean troubled consciences; for they know in their hearts that have participated in aggression against a kind-hearted man. For M. Lagon himself

it will mean disillusionment and it migiitl

possibly bring about a radical change in his character; for, he might argue, if over- kindness is to he considered a disqualifica-

tion for the office of a teacher, why not‘

cultivate a hard, overbearing, dictatorial manner? Yes, it's a sad, sad story.

EEl—TORIAL NOTES

Nova Scotia seems to be not the only‘

Province which has simple minded moose. In New Brunswick a new foghorn has re- placed another at Partridge Island at the mouth of the St. John River and it is re- ported that local moose have been seen standing on the beaches answering the

signals.

Thc Maritime Transportation Commis-

sion is asking extension of the terms of a‘ Royal Commission to investigate the oper-'

ation of "agreed charge” contracts between railways and shippers. In the past. these

special ratesihave worked wholly against,

island shippers but at the present time the Potato Marketing Board enjoys the benefit of such an agreement on potatoes moved to Ontario and Quebec.

0 at O

Swinging on their regular orbits, Mars and Earth are racing towards a passing point.‘ or "opposition" as astronomers call it. On July 2nd they will be at their clos- cst, since 1941. An International Mars Committee, organized last fall, will co- ordinate the observations made by large numbers of institutions and scientists. There. will be an even closer approach in 1956 and then no such opportunity for close study until 1971.

Dr. Eduard Benes, Czech statesman,

was born this date 1884. A teacher, he fled from Bohemia at the beginning of the First World War and with Masaryk and General Stefanik founded the Czechoslovak National Council. -He represented the Council at the Peace Conference. was first Foreign Secretary of the new republic and succeeded Masaryk as President. He re- signed after Munich but in 1940 was rec- ognized ns head of the Government in Exile. He returned to power in 1945. He was compelled to recognize a Communist Government the following year but resign- ed the presidency in 1948. .

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PUBLIC FORUM

this column in open to the discussion by correspondents of questions of interest. The Guurdhin does not necessar- ily cndorse the opinion of correspondents.

I‘0TAT(l RIABKETING

I have farts re-

Sir.-~l-‘nr a lcw days been picking up some garding the selling of potatoes co-operativeiy by the P. E. Is- land farmers through the Potato Marketing Board or falling back to using the methods of grand- fatlicr's day. it reminds me of a man building a lioiise and bring- iiig his family in while only half finished. They may find it colder than the old one and some doctor bills have to be paid. but why tear the house down? It has a solid foiiiiilation built by trusty and competent workmen. The roof is light and the windpws give you a cheerful outlook.

All through history, beginning with Moses who led the slaves out n{ 1-]g’\'pl_ the cry has gone up: \‘\'h_v not have left us where jvvc \Acrc'.‘

: (‘.i'niiti(atlicr's human {was the some as many today. He sold stale and dirty eggs as well as good ones at the same ' to the hclpless merchant; rancid liuttcr. What. a fight had to be waged to bring us a better day!

The consumer's co-op stores do not make anyone rich, but they pay a small tiividenrl. It shows th_nt tlic lill‘mf‘TS now are quite cducatcrl in business practice and

natuie

.price ditto,

surcly know how in find mar- kcls.

Another slogan was, "Oh if wc wo only stick together". So,

stick tngetiicr. ‘By so doing farm- rrs linvc a floor price that will :ivoid the necessity of selling bag of potatoes to this writer for loss than eighty cents or mic

tlolla r. I am. Sir, «to. V C0.\'SU.\ll-JR

]l{I-nsingt cn.

‘ {7oefiGruM/2

i‘ AS I SAT A-I-‘l.\‘HlN(i This day iiaine Nature 5t3t‘lTi'.‘(i i:' iflif

J‘

sap began to movr;

Solving Crofts

\(From the Weekly Scotsman)

Is the crofting way of life worth preserving? The Taylor Commis- sion. whose comprehensive and lucid report has just been publish- ed, were not obliged to answer that question. but they record their conviction that the crafting com- muiiitics which maintain a pre- carious existence on the Atlantic fringe of our industrial society are worth salving. Like the Napier Commission of 1884, they want to preserve a free and independent way of living for individuals, while they remind us that the Highlands are a nursery of sea- men who serve the State well in time of war.

It is no longer possible to re- gard the crofting counties as I re- servnir of manpower for bringing fresh energy to the industrial towns of the South. We are aware now that dcpopulation is the wast- ing disease that must be combat.- ed in the Highlands.

Assuming that the crafting sys- tcm should be preserved for the sake of the crofters and of the nation as a whole. which needs to increase the amount of home- produced food, the question is what remedies should be applied. it is customary to speak in gloomy terms of the prospects of crofting. and the report takes -'1 serious view of the present sit- uation. We are told that crofting is "fighting a losing battle against the social and economic forces of the day."

There is no need to quarrel with this finding, as it is no doubt broadly true. but at the same time the extreme diversity of condi- tions in the crafting cniintics must be kept in mind. It is in the North- West that moribund crafting com- munitics arc most.common. In

" Orkney and the Black isle. on

the other hand. the smrillhoidcrs are prosperous and enterprising. . . .

There is. in fact. no crnfting problem, but an almost infinite number of problems which vary fi-om’ one township in another ac- cording to geography. accessibll. ILV tn railways and slcamcrs, the siatc of the roads, and the quality of the soil and rough grazings.

The Conimissiim were. of course, tiilly conscious that they had to |l‘(‘5Cl'ii)e for a multitude of trou- ‘Jlcs. and for this reason they iialvc, pci-h.'ips_ wisely, pinned their faith to atlniiiiisirzitivc‘ action rs. ilicr than in the enactment of more

I-'rc.=li lune did stir th' l'l‘l‘lbl'a(‘ill': C,-om... ](.ziSmli0nA Thoir Chief - - - d't' . '. . ' had i'li'a\\'n thcir ‘v’aiCll* ‘Cr;.::;:](,‘rns]c’E«:n:;:?i:§iul': ‘:5 '1 , , * v (1. th ~ ‘ The Jan us trout that low did Ali :,f)‘“‘.(‘,f5_ ,r‘,’:'c“"inl‘;lf:"t °"r“‘"d]‘-;d Rose a‘ the wcii-dissemblcd fl_\‘: (.mr.m__Q me mmsts dtcmlfle

There stood my friend, with paticn skill

1“\viii not be properly Q1,”-(Id for

Attciidiii" of the trcmblini: Quill mm “ii “d'“'l"is"“““"° ‘“’K?"l 10 ' ‘ ‘ deal with them alone ' » Ali'raclv were the cavcs posscst. _ I _' '5 <‘|C8t0ft with the swift pilgrims rliiiib:c'[‘"". ‘”d"“‘°d “‘”'.‘ ad°‘i”3i° “"‘ ms,“ _:incial and executive pnivc-r_<"

The i':‘.'tlV.’3'w' flil'f“l(i_V dirt l'l l’I‘l'l‘ In Fhiiomcl‘s triuniphiin: xsicc.

The showers were shori, thc w:.1-

i thcr mild_ ‘The morning frcsli. i smiled.

| —Sir l-lciiry ‘N'.‘.liOil tlfitia-l6.l.'vv

the rveiiin.

. The Age Old Story

dure for ever: ijolcc in his works . . . ‘unto the Lord as long as I live:

I have my being.

The glory of the Lord shall ni- thc Lord shall r<-- syninaiiictic body could do much I \\|ll sin: 10

I will sing pulse to my (Pod while the findings of

1 A considerable amount of fin. :lll«".‘ii ii ' - ,,m. G,,,,_ uiiotlicr is ‘ who want .40 Impim-c their homes and ‘|1"“i5- bl" (‘mnllllf conimunitics aic S()nl(‘lll‘l1(‘S not «'l\\‘r'll'(‘ of the i . f‘1Xi(‘lll. of benefits pro-ffcrcd by l:ic"bt.ite or too ziputlicuc to take '1 vantage of Ilicm. The Crofters coniinisszion would. it is hoped . . ‘S’-ii‘-iii)’ the ncccssziry advice and stimulus. An active,

or 5'i'olici's

imagiiizitive, and

‘‘‘‘‘'i‘’‘‘ ii‘ “Billing spirits of

“'""“T5 by brinsiniz to their notice .-igricultui-sl

X‘!-

Oid Charlottetown V and P. I. 1. DEFENSE PRECAUTIONS

For the better security of the Colony in the early days of wars and rumors of war. the Legisla- ture at its sitting in 1800 passed an Act requiring all male per- sons between the ages of sixteen and sixty, residing in this island, to bear arms and attend muster and military exercises in the companies i.n which they should be enrolled.

This Act also provided that Iny alarm given in case of an invas- ion should be made by setting fire or lighting a beacon at the sum- mit. nf the hill on Queen Street. in Charlottetown, and by firing two guns at Patterson‘: Battery and also two guns at Tartar‘: Wharf, and all officers and soldiers and other persons able to bear arms should appear complete with their arms and ammunition according to the directions of the Act.

Until recently this‘ Act could still be found in the Revised Statutes of this Province and the summit of the hill on Queen Street (at the Bank of Commerce cor- ner) remains intact: -but it might be difficult to find Patterson‘: Battery or Tartar‘s wharf. which were the principal military stu- tions at that time.

—From an article by the late Mr. Henry Smith.

search and by providing, when necessary, capital for applying new ideas. Ever since the Commission began their inquiries. something has been done by the Depart- ment of Agriculture to improve the technical education of crofters by appointing more agricultural advisers and by arranging dem- onstrations of crop and livestock management. ‘ O 0

Among the manifold duties of n Crofters Commission. none would be more important. than the su- pervision of letting. It is well known. that tenants of croft: in the Highlands may be policemen in Glasgow or even farmers in Australia. Business men may 4“. quire crofts_ for a week-end or holiday residence, qualify for state grants for the improvement of houses on the crafts, and pay nothing or a negligible amount in rates.

How, commonly the abuse prg. vails is not exactly known. but it is certainly serious enough to clcrnanil corrective measures. The iand may not be wholly neglected by absentee croftcrs. but it can. "St be properly cultivated, and tvis state of affairs is intolerable when most active crofters would welcome an enlargement of their holdings.

The Taylor i't‘D0|'¢ Proposes to cut out the deadwood by giving the Croftcrs Commission power in dispossess non-resident croft. crs and to re-allocate holdings. lhis is probably the best way of atiackinx the abuse, as absentee. ism coiiid not be exactly defined and so prevented by legislation, It may ‘be argued tlist Parliament MVCI‘ Intended that security of tenure, which was a valuable re. form when it was introduced in 1833.‘ should be extended to nominal croftcrs. as has been “fine lhmullh ludical interpreta- tion of the C.rofters Acts.

0 0

Since the famous N i of 1884. the lot of indiilidhblrzififrti era has improved through absh. lute security. and in recent years

Page 4 The Guardian I

NOTES BY

It probably wou’t be long; be! fore the pilot. of a jet plane flying well. will have to have a watch that runs backwards. — Kingston Whig-Standard.

Give credit to the drive-in the- atre. It's a safe place" for people to,sit behind the wheel i:nd_not think. —— Kingston Whig-Standard.

Just remember, when you turn green with envy you are ripe for trouble. - St. Cathurines stand- ard.

I on quite convinced that one of the chief reasons why British people are such determined globe- trottcrs is because of the family innntelplece. upon whose mumb- led relics of many lands they gu- ed with rupture when they were childi-cn.—Pearl Binder, talking on BBC "Woman's Hour.

_ If punctuality is an attitude of mind, so is unpunctusllty. Ind it can be corrected by discipline. The effort. is worth while. Very often unpunctuality is a sign of bad mm- nera. To make an appointment with a person and then to arrive late and without adequate excuse is to show that person that one can- siders his time of no value. To ar- rive late at a public fi.inction-—iec- ture, concert or plsy—and to force one‘s way among those already seated is to show complete disre- gard for their enjoyment and to cum unwelcome attention and the verdict of being ill-mannered. —Hamilton Spectator.

It may be unwritten but there is I. rule of the sidewalk. It is keep to the right. Where this is understood pedestrians can move easily even in rush hours on the busiest streets of a community. Where it is not followed foot traf- fic becomel snarled. People old and young. dodge each other; stop. hesitate. turn. and start for- ward only to collide again. Other knots of people may stand in the centre of the way talking. A boy may run against the traffic knocking parcels to the pavement. Confusion results. There is no rea- son why anything of the kind should happen. There is a rule of the sidewalk. It is to keep to the right. — Victoria Colonist.

Dr. '1'. D. Northwood. acoustic! expert from (the National Research council at. Ottawa, advocates the construction of sound-proof :- pai-tment houses in Canada. Speak- ing before the annual assembly of

through the [choral ‘encourage- merit of farming by State assist- ance. But. it is disappointing that the crofting system is in so parlous I condition, and that so little has been done to carry out the recommendations of the Na- pier report, which .urged that holdinu should be enlarged. To-day there are about as many crofts as there were 70 years ago. although holdings are often far too small to be efficiently and profitably cultivated.

It is essential to make, better use of the land. and the Taylor report suggests practicable meth- ods of transferring the holdings of non-resident and aged croftcrs

' to active cultivators. without do-

ing injustice to present tenants. Other measures are needed for restoring health to decaying com- munitles. such as the provision of more part-time employment, bet- ter roads and water supplies, and lower transport charges. The Forestry Commission. it may be noted. are-vigorously enjoined to undertake planting in the North- Wcst. And, while leadership and aid may come from outside. the crafting communities have an inescapable duty to help them- selves by more active coopera- lion.

Friday, May 23. 1934

‘the Royal Arcliitrcturai Ill.Sl.tuu'> :of Canada. "tr. Karthwood said adequate insu....‘.on could be built into apartment houses at very low costs. and would result in 0-my I slight. rent. increase. If this 1, so there, might be u very gum argument for compulsory adequate insulation. Some apartments re. cently built are a disgrace. They do not provide peace or privacy. There is enough noise in the mic. now without adding the constant irritation of all the domestic hots. es that resound endlessly in somg apartments-—London Free Press.

The American Medical ASsD('ia. atlon says that a woman has bet. ter than 9 chances out of 1.000 of comint through childbirth s.-.1. ely today. Her chances of sur. diving are eight times better than were her mother's. Twenty years ago the prediction of 999 out nf 1.000 was made and it got a big laugh. But don't laugh at science, nor the technical ability to iin. prove such things as hospitals and delivery facilities. The AM A. claims no credit for such lili- provement. but the A.M.A._ can remind that only in a free at. mosphere of medicine is such an improvement likely. In any fluid, the stimulus for improving is in direct proportion to'the freedom of the improver. in brief, Under socialized medicine you do not have 999 out of l,000. — Dana, Morning News.

A twenty-five-your old medical student at St. Mary's Hospua)_ London. Roger Bannister. the first man to break the four-minute time for a mile. will fully qualify for his doctor’: degree within a matter of weeks. He stands well over six feet and weighs only 154 pounds. His long legs give him a stride which has enabled him to become the fastest miler of the century. Medical training ha; given Bannister s khowledge of how to best use his resources. He also has an exceptionally slow heart which beats only forty time; each minute in comparison with a normal person‘: seventy-two beats. At the end of the race in which he broke ‘the record last Thursday. his heart was rarin| at 155 per minute. — U. K. infox. motion.

C mmunlstu no not usually given to gallantry but we can give them A little credit for their treat- ment of Lieut. Genevieve do Gal- ard-Terraube. the heroic French nurse who tended the wounded during the last terrible days in Dien Bien Phu. She has been re- leased, unharmed. and has taken her release to safety and comfort with the same calm as she dis- played while the battle raged :- bove the rough shelters in which she stood by the wounded. Hero- ism by nurses is no new thing. The military nurse accepts risk as part of the job she volunteers for; but she is not often sub- jected to siege and the need for nursing in the front line itself, with battle waging back and forth overhead. Breakdown would be understandable in these circum- stances. It is part of Miss Gai.-irrl- Terraubr.-‘s heroism that she did not break down but ‘shared her own diminishing strength with the wounded. —— Montreal Star.

BURNED IN FREAK MISHIP

ST. CA'I‘l-LARINES. Ont.‘ iCPl ~—John M. Henricka. 59, suffered severe burns to the face in A freak accident Monday night.'Police said Henricks blew into the gas tank of his car to clear a clogged line. The pressure forced ass out over his clothing. Then his gas-soaked clothing irziiited all he bent. orrr It poi-table stove being used to hut a baby’: bottle by the side of the road.

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