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$13.00 Coats for .

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I je

THE STORE OF ,A THOUSAND GIFTS

THE (IIdARLUFTETOWN GUARDIAN

_._.____-_i

‘Special ,

‘ Meeting.

‘Ibo following is the text o! an important address on’ the hog in- ‘dustry delivered last night by Mr. H. W. Clay, Dominion Swine 1n- spector, at a council meeting oi the f‘? lcttetown Board o1 ‘Ia-ms,

When your President asked me to give you a talk using the swine 1814118"! as my subject, I expressed some reluctance due to my app". ciation oi the iact that 1 mum . have an audience oi business men

who are interested, not in the problem oi breeding, feeding and ianagement, but in those features ‘i the industry which inﬂuence reneral business conditions hroughout the province. You are aterested because the ex‘ tcnce oi he city oi Charlottetown depends 1n the progress and prosperity oi \ur farm population. The services vhich you as city business men have to cifer. are almost wholly‘ maintained, either directly or in- directly, by our agricultural rev- enue. consequently, there should be no room ior any diversity oi opinion between you business men and our farmers on any matter oi agricultural policy.

It is a well known akiom that live stock is the foundation upon which rests continued agricultural prosperity. We have passed through periods when the revenue irom live stock appeared insignificant in comparison with that received irom potatoes, turnips, and other field crops, but in the end we see our farmers returning to their old faith in the cow, the pigs, and the hen.

Importance of Industry

I ieei that I cannot over em- phasise the importance oi hog production in the province. It stands out as the one industry which has the greatest resistance to periods oi depression and fluc- iuating conditions. Long after the present so-called depression ap- peared, and long aiter all other farm products had crashed in price, the pig continued to bring oroiitable returns to our Now when our producers are sac- rlilcing the products oi their fields andjtables, the pig is the first tmrespona todlllﬂs oi" busi- l ness improvements. prices are

again at proiitable eveis. I ven- , ture to state that more obligations , will be covered-

enue combined." ‘ Show me a hog producing district in this province, and I will show you evidence oil prosperity. Show me a district} where very few hogs are produced.

. and I will show you vacant farms; ed

mortsesed firm-t. poor credit and

every other indication oi hard _ times. You know the districts which have the poorest credit. I know ihddlstricts where hogs are pro- duced ln very small numbers. It, would not be a guess to stain that, we have the same localities in mind. ;

In our intensive hog producing- centres the average annual pro- duction is over two market hogs per dairy cow on the farm. In many other districts, scarcely enough pork is produced to meet home consumption. Ii every regu- lar farmer in this province mar- keted annually two hogs per dairy cow, wc would not be suffering ilnanciaily as we are at present.

Ilnique Situation In the swine industry in Canada we have a unique situation in that we have practically an unlimited

mraket ior all our possible pro- duction during the next, few years.

llllll'l lET Bllldllilll BllNSllPilIllN llllll ‘ THE lllY 0F [WING ,

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Isl Upon ]HOig,Pi-ioducers

Opport-unli British Bacon Market Emphasized By Govern- - ment Official At Trade Board

farmers. I couraging

l Care

No other iann product can boast such an advantage. At the Ottawa Imperial Conierence we were giv- en e. quota on the British market ior our bacon. This quota leaves room ior great expansion in the industry. It is so generous that even with a. large increase in pro- duction, our limit may not be reached. ior some years. What will be our standing on the British market i1 we ieii to approach this quota? Ii in the meantime any revision is made in the iigurcs set. We may be limited to the maxim- um which we have exported annu- ally up to that date. For this reas- on it would be uniortunate ii our production, both in quality and quantity, failed to increase mater-i ially. l

Ii‘ hog production is oi such im- portance to this province, how can the industry be fostered? The ans- wer is simple. 1t resolves itseli into three parts:-

lst. Steady outlet.

2nd. Profitable returns.

3rd. Recognition oi quality.

Former Methods

Some years ago it was the gen- eral practice to dress, or should I say, to murder our hogs on the ierm. Very iew hogs were market- , ed alive. This practice resulted in la "closed season" ior hogs. Farm killed hogs could not be marketed during months oi no irost. Our lo- cal plants ceased operating during late spring, summer, and early iali. This was a discouraging situation

oi five months during which our farmers could not market hogs. This resulted in spring and iall gluts with widely fluctuating prices, usually fluctuating in one

iormity and quality oi the produci was impossible, It was recognized that our farmers must have an _ outlet ior their hogs every week in ,the year, otherwise the industry .wouid not progress in step with | that oi other provinces. This dis- situation was solved by a change to live hog marketing. The Dominion Live Stock Branch undertook the work oi populariz- ing live hog shipping. The spade work was diiiicult. The progress was slow. The older farmers ap- ' red to enjoy the spring and iall

his‘ season. brhog fplmlc oi pig sticking; They liked

_ t y I money than by hlfbtner iarm ma’

to have the grease for home "soap making. Some seemed to enjoy the day spent standing by a sleigh on the market square,_ in zero weath- er, to banter over the sale oi one ‘or two hog carcasses. There seem- to be an inherited inclination to farm kill hogs.

Change in Policy

To make -this change in policy more diiilcult we had very iew buyers who handled live hogs. Even the iew buyers who were op- crating in a small way did not buy throughout the year. It became apparent that some marketing machinery must be set up to give a continuous marketing service to our farmers. The Dominion, hive Stock Branch advocated and as- sisted in the organization oi Fann- ers‘ Live Stock Shipping Clubs through which a. farmer could market his hogs when and where he pleased- Thirty-two such clulbs were o d during 1928. ‘M, and it, to cover practically every district in the province. This sys- tem grew slowly at first. Many farmers hesitated to trade the old gray mare ior an unbroken iilly. With small patronage these clubs

to the producer. We had a perlcd_| their

direction. Under this system uni-I

PAGE FIVE “"‘ ' s;

.. p on .

~ Thursday-

and Friday -

‘ To Shake Hands ‘r _ . WITH

septa; k

orfsiiﬂorrsrown

. -

petition. On Lop oi this we were marketing a class oi product that had great variation in quality. The keeping quality oi the product was not what it should be. The country killed hog was limited ln the num- ber of possible uses to which the carcass ‘could be‘ applied. The butchering ability oi the average iarmer was not up to require- ments This result/ed in a large percentage oi shoulder stuck hogs, partially cooked hogs, and hogs handled under unsanitary condi- tions. All these factors resulted in depreciating the value oi the car- cass, with a lower price to the pro- ducer. As evidence oi this any packer will agree that plant killed

‘ hogs are wortnmore than country

killed. - .

Under the live marketing system our producers immediately realized higher prices. As proof oi this I may emphasize the gradual change

to the new system. This situation [has improved to i that during recentycars our iarm-

such a degree

ers are receiving as much and sometimes more than that receiv-

ed by iarmers in any other part

of Canada. The Ontario or Quebec Jarmers have no advantage over l our farmers in the matter oi ‘price. .‘ .'

1t is a iact that the peak of hog prlcBs in all _markets is reached during the mid-summer Under the old system our farmers could not get rid oi their hogs dur- ing this period of high prices. Now under the live slﬂplllng system our farmers can plan to market their

hogs when prices are high. It is " one oi our objectives to see that ‘

more hogs are marketed in mid- summer and less during the spring and fall. This practice is growing with the result that periods of glut are becoming less noticeable. Our farmers are well aware oi the iact that live hog shipping has re- sulted in higher prices to the pro- ducer. Thls regular shipping serv’-' lee mgethefwlth higher prices is resulting in our farmers taking a keener interest in hog production.

Qiiallty lssenthl

Another {actor which goes my 1n developing any industry and par- ticularly the swlne industry, is re- "ognitlon oi quality. Previous ‘b0 linz hogs were purchased more or lens on a ilat basis. Ii the price" was .70 practically every hog, irre- spective or type, age, or finish, net- ted this price. The farmer who produced good ‘type hogs oi proper weight and proper. ilnish received the same price per pound as his neighbour who marketed thin, un- dersized, old, rough hogs. This was discouraging to the better class producer. The result is well known. Our bacon on the British market got a bad name. In iact, Denmark- with a better product, practically drove our bacon out oi ‘Britain. At that time we were producing over 1.000.000 more hogs than we could consume in Canada. with this sur-

pllsiind no place to _sel_l it, our

Nagreedtopaya

SEBSOII. i

nnrket broke in an attempt to force this surplus on Canadian con- sumers. In i922 the parties inter- ested in Canadian hog production awoke to the iazi. that something must be done to regain our hold on the British bacon market. This meant we must produce better bu» con. How could our farmers bellm- duced to improve the quality cl. their product? The answer wrsyrc- ,_ cognition oi quality by dliferentlals _ in price. A conierencc oi’ the Caiil" adlan Packers. the producers and lhe governments moi. at Ottawa-Lu . consider the problem. Their delib- erations resulted in B Pﬂommeﬁ- dation to the Federal Government" to enact hog grading regulations‘. ~- Thls was done and the set pmmiurn 0n- all top grade hogs. Further details oi these regulations might not i1i-" terest you. ‘Ilhe regulations have been in ioroe over 12 Yﬂﬂlvi...

Amendments have been made.» ..

conditions "changed. This iegisla- ’ tlon did much to solve the problem 01 quality. Our bacon improved andip as a result, home consumption-- d rapidly. Our standing h- market began to llllr prove. The best led that produced by Denmark- Thls ls the chief reason why, __ are receiving profitable pricesnior, hogs today. Ii our producers were *- marketing non-bacon type hogs L - day our bacon would b: selling-e much lower prices on the mitten- market. This would. mean lowti». prices to the producers. Advice to Producers I" ' ' ’ rl~.l Ii‘ our farmers wish to hold tin... swine industry at its preeem l? _ '~ , ltable level, it is their duty tn hill“ ercise special care in produbin!’ hogs which meet market require-a ments. we must have fewer undcrc ilnlshsd hogs, iewer under weight. 1105s,. and iewer oii type hogs.“ Prince Edward Island has the bacon hogs in North America, i1» not in the world, but even here tiny ‘many farmers continue to market _ noes 0i non-bacon m» Our high standing has been reached " by specializing in one breed, York- ' shims. I will go-eo ior as to stably, that in' my opinion we have _ better breeding stock York- shlres" than that iound in any other“ province’ oi Canada. I give cmdk". here to our breeders oi pure bred ihogs. 'I‘hcir progressiveness. their ‘willingness to co-operate with one another their community eiiorﬂ,_ vto improve their stock have placed lthis province on the map asthe ﬂlltstaiiding Yorkshire breeding ' icentm in Gerunds. We have Sllkis ,_ bed breeding stock to every proyw vince in Canada except British Columbia, and to several oi the" arid-western states.

Elnpbe ‘trade Agreement _ at a‘. Ottawa Imperial camel» _

cnce. Canada was given a nauai Lmm.i] Ti“ ' W

:._.;. __‘t_u

(Continued on Page l3) l. li>vii

experienced difficulty in making up full carlois. This problem was, solved by linking up small lots from several stations to make full cars. Producers soon began to ap- preciate the advantages of this system. The idles took root amen! our most proiiressive farmers with the result that the annual volume handled by these clubs began to

102s ...................... .. 14500

Surely this result was a stamp of approval irom the producers. no longer were they limitkd to months of frost to market their hogs. ‘No longer were they com- pelled to dump all their hogs on the market in one season of the year. Whereas in the pest they were limited to local markets they now could ship their live hogs to arm market in Canada. This placed‘ us directly under the inﬂuence of Toronto and ‘Montreal markets in the matter oi prices received. It also placed the producer in a po- sition whereby he could usc the lever oi volume in obtaining quo- tations. Thme clubs are todav a

service of regular shinning t-hrnﬂlrh-

clubs hasdone more to foster the Swine Industry than any other factor.

mrmm Returns

Proiiteble returns are another essential (actor in expanding any industry. Under the old system oi farm killing we were not in direct contact with other Canadian mar-

bermanent institution in nracticcl- , ly every part oi the province. The ,

out the year as ciiered by those

Christmas has its own i made from generation-to

recipes.

madc-to-order, yours now. “

FRUIT CAKE w! .

l‘..‘.°.“.?“.'.’.....,°l... 40¢

PLUM PUDDING

I-‘iiiell with rich plgsandnula, lb. u...

Here are

0st the red-end-green package l‘ 7W!‘ groom's. Made by Kellogg in landﬁll; Ontario.

kets as to price as we could not ship country killed hogs outside the Maritimes. This hedthe ion-

_deanionanvwtheihldoioom-

__Holiday Specials; ..';.’."

Some are stocked. others will have to be

TSTEWARTS Bakery

arinfi - _

Jib

... .1 .,..

particular bakery goods generation handed down

H‘!

of them. Order

a f ew

an... '

MINCE MEAT miisijff‘ .~.:.:'r'.:::.-r1-1r- -229; POUND CAKES Made from Creamery “ ,, __

and fresh 888$ Tasty, Lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

was:

packer-i . ..

oi our bacon equai-