Godot: roux TIIE OIIIIIIIITTFIOWII Glllllllllll-

Mornlng Dally (Founded In I881)

Incident: Llent. CuL W. Chester S. McLnre Vlee-Preeldent: J. It. Burnett, F. J. I.

leer! ;. Llent. Col. D. A. Mnclilnnon, 0.8.0. Idltol‘ nld Mnnnglng Director: J. B. Burnett. FJJ. Aleoelnte Editors: Frank Walker and Lleut. Inn

A. Burnett. B.C.N.V.B. (On Aetlve Service)

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

rtmsnav. ocwoam 24th, fail

Our By-Passed Province

It WIS‘TIO less an individual than our Pre- mler who described us as the “By-Passed Prov- ince", and the Federal Government is doing its level best to maintain that fcptttatioti for us. Everybody knows how the Mackenzie King Government fooled us over our wharf improve- ments, subsequently smuggling away the ma- terial bought and paid for for use here to Mul- grave, of all places!

Now we learn that Nova Scotia, with its efficient and politically \\'ise representatives in the Government (including our own Mr. Rais- ton) are getting ahead of us again. Construc- tion pflmits and priorities ticccssary to begin the $250,000 task of rclntildittg all docks at the Dartmouth 'l‘crntiital have been granted by Federal authorities to the Dartmouth Ferry Commission. Some tnonths ago, Mr. O. _l- MC- Culloch, a Montreal consulting engineer, sttr- veyed thc site and l'(‘CU1lllllC11(l'.‘(l that new docks be provided, constructed of sheet steel pile to offer more modern and p€l‘lllll.ll€llf facilities. His recommendations were approved by the Commission and recently Mayor L. j. Isnor, chairman, ntade the above announcement 0n his return from Ottawa where he conferred with wartime control departments. Workmen are already engaged in the initial stages of con- structiolt.

Isn't it time for a. change here?

Mr. Bracken’: Plan

Hon. John Bracken got down to essentials when he spoke recently on the Progressive Con- lervative party's farm policy. What he had to suggest was radical—he admitted it-attd if put into effect might mean vast changes in Can- adian economy. But it was something a little more definite than the "farm floor price” leg- islation of the present government, says The Ottawa Journal, This floor price legislation has a lot of thinking farmers worried, they think it too indefinite.

What Mr. Bracken had to offer farmers as I policy of his party was something like this: Industrial workers and capital are protected by tariffs against the import of goods which they are making in competition with world mar- kets; farmers are taxed heavily as a result of the higher prices they must pay for the things they buy, the increase often being due to tariff charges; yet farmers must sell their surplus products ‘in a competitive world market at going world prices; such selling frequently re- sults in depressed agricultural prices here at home. Mr. Bracken proposes a long range plan to give farmers here l. fair share of the national income — contract prices known in advance, based on domestic factors and not en world food prices.

That is pretty advanced thinking and it may take Canadians a long time to realize all that i: involved. In short, it means arbitrary domestic food prices, fixed in advance, and what practically amounts to subsidized food exports. Further, Mr. Bracken suggests this lbould be a permanent policy, not just one for the transition period as proposed for the prelent "floor price" legislation. Mr. Bracken admitted that he could offer no exact figures for the present, but suggested an increase in farm prices and farm income of "not less than to per cent." He believed his plan would in- creue production and so reduce prices to con- lumen.

Whatever may be the immediate reaction to Mr. Bracketfs drastic proposals this fact must be accepted by Canadians: Labor and in- dustry in this country cannot hope to be pros- perous, to keep up high wage rates, if that third of our population which makes its living by farming has to return to the depressed prices of the thirties. Too much of Canada's cron- omy is tied in with agricultural prices.

Floods In Holland

Earlier in the year the Germans began to flood island areas in Zceland and parts of Pol- derland in the Netherlands. More recently Al- lied bombers have blasted dikes where German heavy artillery had been mounted. How far the flooding has proceeded it is hard to de- termine, but it is enough to arouse the concern of the outer world and of Dutch officials. Not only is the soil ruined by seawater but rail- ways, highways, bridges and flWClllllgS are dam- aged. Half starved and oppressed as they are, the inhabitants of the ovcr-crowtied Nether- lands are in a plight as bad if not worse titan that of Poland.

The part of the country in danger coin- priscs about 45 pcr cont of the total area. \Vith- in this 45 per cent lie most of the population, all the larger towns, most of the fertile soil and many of the largest undertakings. Water may pour in not only from the North Sea but from the Rhine and other rivers. The coun- try is a patchwork of 2,500 “poldcrs," reclaim- ed areas which can easily be flooded. With the water pouring in from the seas and from rivers and rising nut of the ground (pumps are in constant use tn drain the soil) little more than half of the Netherlands would remain dry. Rot- tot-dam would be zilmost entirely submerged. In Amsterdam the watcr would inundafe cellars and rise to the first story. Only The Hague would be safe.

Dutch titilitary history deals in large part with floods. .\s a ntcasurc of defense the sluice gates were opened in the eighty-year war

THE CHARLIYITETUWN GUARDIAN

against the Spanish, in 1672 when it ‘ necessary to cheek invaders, and again in 1939 and 1940 when the German threat had to be met._ Because the Dutch took great pains to limit the damage, these self-defending floods are nothing compared with what may no'w be in store. Even if the Germans did nu more than blow up twenty-two power stations it would be impossible to regain control of the water for months. No wonder that a few voices are already raised to give the Dutch some German territory in compensation for agricultural losses that will be irreparable for years.

EDIIURIAI. yNUltb .-

The campaign is on. I I U O .

Heavy frost followed the heavy rain Sun-

day night. m m o- v

England had a birth-rate of I93 for each 1,000 in population during the three months cnded June 30. During the corresponding per- iod last year the rate was 17.5 during the first quarter of this year it was 17.9. There were 199,326 births registered during the sec- ond quarter of whom 102,603 were boys a pro- portion of 1,061 boy: ti: 1,800 girls.

Prof. C. E. M. joad. who in I033 spoke for the Oxford Union's “will not to fight for king and country" resolution, was last. week prc- vented from addressing the Cambridge Uni- vcrsity Society of International Affairs. Under- graduates set off tear gas bombs, sznoke bombs and thunder flashes ntadc in the chemistry lab- oratory.

l i U U

A bill to extend the duration of the British Parliament for another year has been given a formal first realing in the House ol Commons. Under it Parliament's life will be prolonged into its 10th year, the longest parliament since the one dissolved in 1679 which lasted 18 years. The five-years term of the present parliament, which was elected in November, 1935, expired in 1940 and has been extended year by year.

t t a a

Daniel Webster, American statesman and patriot, died this date, 1852; delivered the fam- ous oration at Plymouth in 1820 on the two hundredth anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers: “Let us then stand by the constitution as it is, and by our country as it is, one, united, and entire; let it be a truth en- graved on our hearts; let it be borne on the flag under which we rally in every exigency, that we have one country, pneforlstitilution, one destiny.”

One of the strangest groups of internees of this war is made up of 24 Canadian cows which ran afoul of Bermuda's laws and consequently ltave been put behind barbed wire for the dura- tion. The bovine prisoners, who arrived at Hamilton by ship recently, were found to have overlooked the matter of getting immunized against Bang’s disease and tuberculosis though tests showed them to be frce of the disease.

Under strict interpretation of the law they could not be landed. However, attthorittes relented enough to let them ashore, with the proviso that they be penned in an internment camp-- literally. The cows’ detention quarters had been used earlier in the' war for that purpose.

l I l i 4‘

Viscount Bennett helped to defeat the Churchill Government in the House of LOPIIS last week. For the second time 1n less than a year, the Government was thus technically de- feated on a. motion relating to service-men's pen- sions. Mover of the resolution each time was Admiral of the Fleet the Earl of Cork and Orrery, formerly Admiral William (Ginger) Boyle and a. naval hero in two wars. Last De~ cember his motion urging better pensions and

allowances for orphans was cariued against Government opposition. On this occasion he successfully defied the Government on an ap-

defeat does not iinperil the Govcrnntent, as the motion was not made one of confidence. More than 5o peers attended the sitting. Vis- count Bennctt, former Canadian Prime Min- ister, in supporting the motion, said he did so because he had to deal with similar ones in the Canadian Parliament. n- u u n _ “Post-war economic policy of Canada-as far as this can be set up by the present Admin- istration, or in the event of the next Govern- ment being Liberal, or even containing a large Liberal group-is fairly certain to be influ- enced by Hon. I. L. Ilsley. At present, it looks as though Mr. Ilsley will be. too com- pletely dominated by the economic theorics ot Messrs. Clark, Deputy Minister of Finance, and Towers, Governor of The Bank of Canada." any: Latter-Review. "Basically, these gentle- men-clever, clear in mind and speech, not Socialists nor anti-Socialists -—- hold Lord Keynes’ theory that Government spending is a. good way to stimulate business. The Clark- Towers programme is the greatest disaster which could overtake this country," it con- tends. “Unfortunately, although a great mai~ ority of the people of Canada, if they under- stood it, would vote against it, no political lead- er has yet come out to point out that these in- genious theorists are leading us on a road to na- tional disaster. The Canadian public apbears," it says, “entirely indifferent to this drift in a very dangerous direction; quite convinced that the experience of the war has proven that spend- ing of public money is, in itself, a road to pros- perity. Certainly, the C.C.F. under Mr. Cold- well would move very much in that direction. The Pro-Cons have not yet given as a basic the- ory of post-war economics-although Mr. Bracken has hinted that he would move in the direction of taking whatever steps are neces- sary to give the farmer his share of the national income. Since the basic difficulty in the Can- adian economy has always been that the farm- er has produced at free trade prices and bought at protected prices, such a policy would be all that any Government in Canada would need to adopt-leaving the economy, with this basic correction in it, to function freely, and with a

ntiuitttutn of Governmental interference."

pcal for an inquiry to remedy grievances. Th: b,

T Jstlonshlp

Transportation Factor in Postwar Planning

for The Mantimes Report pre ared

Band H. Mathuon, Ignaz- portntlon Manager, Trans. portatlon Commission of the Maritime Board of’ Trade, Sept. l5. 19M, approved by the Commlbulon, Oct. 2, 19 .

I .

A great deal has been wrltten and much has been sald about lans for the posnwar period to

prove the economlt. and soclal status of Canada. It seems that

PUBLIC FORUM

nniu-nuoeull‘: emlemlndmte awn-enema

ANOTHER. TRIBUTE

,- l to th 11M sirllniieociilbliiltsfilggngon m]. Mr. w: .

the world at large nae become 1m. RE

bued with the ldea of formulat- lnz plans whlch would be con. steered or implemented as a solu. tlon to the dtfflcultles that the war ls expected to bring at its

' termination, or as a panacea to

the 111s that will be csrrled over from the pre.war period.

There ls nothlng wrong wlth "planning" 1f 1t ls complete; that ls to say, 1f the objectives are def- lnltely enunciated. tne physical features thoroughly explored, the costs estimated as accurately as pgsslble, and l! the proposal can

transformed lnto a programme firoductlve of beneflts ln the pub.

c interest.

The sctlvltles of thls Commie. slon involve _to a large extent con. tlnuous economic planning to ob- tain the best transportation serv- lce possible at the lowest possible cost. A projection of thls plan- nlng policy for the postawar per. 10d merely represents a more 1n. cluslve appraisal uf the trans- portatlon requirements of the Marltlmes and a study of trends 1n the field of transport to facilitate the extension of markets for Marl. time industry, to encourage a further development and to obvl. ate existing dgsapvantagea.

a

Inasmuch as transportation ex. ens a tremendous influence upon the locatlon of economic enter. prise, it appears that some recent studles on the econopty of the Msrltlmes from the post.war vlew. point have failed to glve sufficl. em weight to the effects of the transportation factor ln the loca. tlonal pattern of lndustry. The tendency has been for manufact. urlng to be located close to the markets away from the raw ma- terials due to the “value of serv. 1ce” principle ln railway rate. making, which results ln lncreas. ecl charges as fabrication pro. greases. The principal markets in Canada are ln Quebec and Ont. arlo. and 1t 1s ln those two Prov. lnces that the greatest. manufact. urlng development has taken place. However, manufacturlttg will tend to localize near the raw materials when "losses ln conversion" ln manufacturlng are sufficiently great to offset transportation costs. The relatively llmlted market ln the Mnrltlrrtes for manufactured product's has had the effect of restricting the fabrication of ma. terlals on a large scale and in in. stances in which some success has been manifested 1t has been due to the lnsignlficance of the trans. portatlon factor ln relation to value and consumer demand, or the trrepotirlerant importance of the matcrlnl resourrrs, or the relative low production costs with which the industry has been fnv. cured and which enables ahsorp. gun of differences 1n transborta.

on.

Concomitant wlth the increasing concentration of lnduztrv in Que. bec and Ontario their- has also naturally developed improved transport services by the various media. Conseqcntly. schedules are generally faster, more frequent and more convenicnt The bet. ter quality of s:rvlce ls of advant- age in that t: PllfllJl05 u greater do. grcc of correlation with produc- tton schedules, less absorption of working capltal tn goods 1n tran. alt. and a reduction 1n storage requirements. Moreover, the great.- cr degree of competition between carriers’ has resulted 1n reduc. tlons in transportation costs. Con. sequently, industries outside the pale of this concentration are not. only faced with a distinct dlsad. vantage because of destroyed par- ltles, but also because of the con. venlence which their competitors enjoy through the greater flexl.

llty of tllelr improved transport services.

The Maritime Freight Rates Act had the intended effect of correctlng partially the relatlon. ships 1n rates destroyed by hurl. zontal rate lncreases between 1912 and 1827, but slnce the Act has been operatlve the lncreas.

ecl development of motor trucks ed

and a highly competltlve trans. gut sltuatlon ln -the Central

ovlnces have resulted 1n lmprov. ed services and rate reductlons 1n that territory which have, 1n some cases. nullified rate relatlonshl s reestablished by the Act. Tic statutory reductions wlthln the Marltlmes, while excluding rates to the Murltlmes from the adjust. inent. would have the tendency to enable local industry an improved posltlon ln the home market and at the same time encourage ae. centrallzatlon. Generally. increases 1n the level of rates would rena towards decentrallaatlon, but the reverse situation obtalned 1n the gerlod prlor to the

ralght. Rates Act. This slgnl

1s attributable

_ controlling lnflu.

of the much larger market.

If the eastbound rates to the

Marltlmea had been reduced at

the tltne, 1t would have had the

effect-of prolonging the tendency towards centrallzatlcn.

The extent to whleh there 1a exploitation of the flshlng, for. entry, mlnl and rlcultural re- sources of t e Martt me Provlnces 1s determined by the costs of transportatlon 1mm the various other sources of suiply to the markets, relatlve pro uctlon costs. location the markets, prlclng pollcles of producers located else. where, customs ffs and rovem. ment. pollclem. ‘

The tranaportatlon factor 11 1n- extrlcablv Involved 1n the utent to whlch the products of the Marltlrrles from flshlng, mlnlng. agrlculture and forestry can tlclpate more or less 1n end United States dlsadventage 1n rates to ,. oducere u compared wlth other producers variously situated re. qulres a compensating advantage.

he maintenance of the rate re- or a reductlon 1n the absolute dlfference, therefore, has to be an important dealderatlon for these industries. Unfortun- ately, however. the export o1 net. ural resources elsewhere for pro. ce ‘ .. lnto consumer or capltpl ‘goods tends to lmpede decentral. Z

t . avnrllatlons 1n the reletlve proc-

I

lntereste. It

rrect that opposition cairn. lrcm tne EXBOIIUVB Councll. All of the Councll except three tav. ored the scheme. and he had ea. peclal strong support from the then Premler Mr. Msthleson. and from ".n-. Arsenault.

In the vear 1916 an aarlcultural conference was held 1n Ottawa. at which Prince Edward Island was 1'81)!‘ sented bv the Rev. Dr. Gnu.

' '. then a prominent. member of the Farmers’ Institute. . thler told the conference of the work done on Prince Edward Islana by the zxaoperatlve Farr and Poultry Association. and e zrcat deal of dls. cusslon was centered on this sub. Ject. and much praise was showered on the Association and on the Commissioner responslble for its ln. ltlntlon and Prlnce Edward Island was the plan. eer ln this lndustry.

Although the lat»: Mr. MacKln.

non gave manv vears of hls life to the Dolltlcul llfe of hls native Pro. vlnce. 1t; ls to be regretted that. af. ter his term of office as (s-vcrnor. hls executive abllltles were lost to the Island. May his soul rest in peace.

' I am. sir. etc, AN EXJILL A.

llotes By The Way

Parl; “WEI-tapers report that a vast, programme ls being prepared for placing at the disposal o1 French youth, from as early as l3, all means fur becoming acquaint- ed with every branch of aeronau- tics. Clubs for model planes, glid- ers, parachutes, wlll be encouraged and assisted Flying 1n motor propelled planes and construcllcnt of such planes and engines will form courses for older students.- Monctori Times.

“Men do a lot to regain their liberty and freedom and somctlmes attempt even the seemingly im- pnsslble 1n order to attain them. And this ls exactly what a twen.y- one year old Danish army officer has done. He couldn't fly. but he stole a Heinkel 111 and safely reached Sweden. He started off from Copcnhagcns alrfeld where he _workctl as a mechanic. A short while ago he was overhauling the tnavhillv. Which he calmly stoned up afterwards and took off. He had no idea of navigation, but; somehow he gm, to Sweden, where lie was snot down by amt-aircraft tire. After hls crash he cheerfully ivalked out from under the wreck- age and sad: "Golng up ls all right. It's coining down thafs difficult." -- Frank Alexander. the BBCs “Newsletter of Free Eu- rope." '

Sir Walter Scott hall a pleasant phrase for tnlddle life; he called 1t; reaching the other slde of the hlll. It 1s a stage which no doubt. has its drawbacks. ‘The wind 1s not sqgood, the limbs are not so tireless as in the ascent; the stride is shortened, and slnce we are “escendlng We must be care- lul ln placing the feet. But on me tpward road the vlew was blocked by the slopes and there was no far prospect .0 be had except by looklng backward. Now the cottrse is mercifully adapted to falling legs; we can rest and reflect slnce the summit has been passed; and there 1s a wide country before us, though the horizon ls mlst shadow-John Buchan ln grlms Way."

In our estimation, and we have handled all sorts of guns under different circumstance and not: always In familiar haunts, we would say that ever last accident with a gun 1n whlc some person ls killed or injured, 1s the result of carelessness. It ls unsafe to be travelling around with a load- gun 1n your car. Besides, 1t is illegal. The same law does not hold for a boat or a canoe. but there should be a law. No person should get; lnto a boat. with a load- ed gun in hls hand. and no oer- son should leave a boat without unloading hls gun. There are many things to thlnk about when handllng guns, either loaded or unloaded, and chlef among them ts never to polnt; a gun at anybody. Never plck up a gun by the muzzle and never drug 1g, through a fence by the danger end. - Trenton Courier Advocate.

London tree! stripped of m1- _ _tay__fly_lrig-_bomb_ b1ast._hav0 rlty of fishing, agrlculture. mln ng and forestry ln the Marltlmes have resulted from differences ln the lattLdown costs of these pro- ducts and the quallty o1’ aervlces u compared with those of other sources of supply. Subvention: on coal for example, and the Feed Grain Assistance Policy 0011811- tute arrangements to remove the dlsadvanta es of dlstance, and. con-bequen y to encourage produc. tlon. Imrther development d10- tatea continuous plannlng for the Purpose of attain n: the Cornmla. slona oblectlve of the best tram. ortatlon servlcea ozslble at the owest Dosslble cosf.) (To Be Continued) _.___._._._