The following article Mr. H. R. Stewart. former Assis nt Bec- retary Treasurer of the Province and now of the Governor Gener- al'a .stsi.'t, Ottawa. as reprinted axiom a former issue of The Guar-

an.

The charm of Canada’; smhllest Province seems to be interwoven in the fabric of its history. when Cartier discovered it on June 30- July 1, 1534. he made record of his impressitns in the following words-.

"All the said land is low and plaine and the fairest that may possibly be scene. full of goodly meadows and trees."

In the strenuous days of the French ozcupaiion of Acadia, the meat. Jean (as it was then call- ed) was a haven of rest. sheltered and apart from the surrounding conflicts.

The ‘fall of Quebec followed that of bouisburg, and in l'l63. Cape Breton, The Island of st. John and Canada were formally ceded Great Britain.

In December. 1763. the Earl of Egmont, then first Lord of the Admiralty. presented an elaborate memorial to the King, raying for a grant of the whole land of Saint John, to hold the same in fee of the Crown forever., accord- ing to a tenure described in the said memorial.

On the supposition that the Isl- and contained two million acres-— for it had not then been surveyed —he propcsed that the whole should be divided into fifty parts of equal extent, to be designated Hundreds. as in England, or Bar- onies, as in Ireland: forty of these

. to be granted to as many men, who

should be styled Lords of Hund- reds, and each of whom should pay to the Earl, as Lord Para- mount, twenty pounds sterling yearly. '

on the property of the Earl-—to w , with his family ad nine children. ten hundreds were to be allotted-—a strong castle was to be erected, mounted with ten pieces of cannon. each carrying a ball of four pounds. with a circuit round 31: ‘castle of three miles every

Y» ‘ ‘

n .

Ambitions Schema

'rhe forty Hundreds or Baronies were_ to be divided into . twenty manors of two» thousand acres. which manors were to be entitled to roourt Baron. secordin to the Common Law of limgl i no Lord. of each Hundred was to set

five hundred acres for the he of a township, which township was to be divided into one hundred lots of five acres each, and the happy proprietors of five acres were to pay a yearly free-farm rent of four shillings sterling to the Lord of the Hundred. Each Hundred was to have a fair four times a year, and a market twice in‘ everv week. There were also to be Courts Leets and courts Baron. under the direction of the Lord . Paramount.

A foot-note refexlng to these Courts, attached hv the framers of the memorial. indicates the-ideas which were entertained at this time in the o‘d country respecting pro- tection of life and propertyin the North American colonies: "These Conrts-established by Alfred and others of our Saxon mess. to

maintain order. and bring justice '

to ’every man's door—are obviously essential for a small people, form- ing or formed in a small society in the vast, impervious. and dan- gerous, forests .01 America‘: ‘inter- sected with seas, bays, lakes, rivers. marshes. and mountai ;.,with,out roads, without inns or a orninodr tions, locked up for‘ half the year byssnow and intense frost. and where the settler can scarce strag- glc frmn his habitation five hun- dred yards. even in times of peace. without risk of being intercepted, scalped, and murdered”

land Tenor-es

‘lb epitomise the proposal: there was to be a Lord Paramount of the whole Island: forty Capital»

of forty Hundreds, four lords of Manors, and

Lo g . n , mice . . gin taiil drred 1) I of - the‘ I s°Aﬁler'Ftelii!m:"

7:"

. up Story Reviewed. by Mr. H._R_. ‘Ste

- Victoria.

ederdtioh

eight hundred thousand to be set a rt for .estab1_ishment for trade an commerce in the most

suitable parts of the island. inolud-=

ing one county town. forty market towns, and four hundred v‘ ' : each Hundred or Barony was to consist of somewhat less »-than eight’ square miles. and the lord of each was bound to erect and maintain forever a castle or block- house as thotcapital seat on his property, and as a place of re- treat and rendezvous for the set- tlers; and thus, on any alarm of sudden danger, every taut might have a place of securit within four miles of his habitan . A cannon fired at one of the castles would be heard..at the next, and thus the firing would

regular order from can to castle and be the means, adds the noble memorial. “of putting every inhabi-

tant of the whole Island undu pmvmoe.

arms and in motion in the space cflgrxis quartervof an hour." c

Egmon s yer was no granted. and in 1%: the Island

was, in one day, apportioned amons

to persons having real or imaginary

claims a ainst the crown. The divisions sing numbered, a ing of lots from a hat took place in london. wl districts in Prince Edward

bare tgday referred to as Lot 30. not

, e

Absentee La.nilloI'dlsm

The apportionment of land in th's manner gave rise to a condi- tion of, absentee lamiiordism which was a bone of contention in the Oolony for upwards of 3 hundred years. The late Rt. Hon. .Sir Louis Davies entered upon his brilliant career when as a younc man he was Crown council in con- nection with the purchase of lands from the proprietors. _ ‘

The coat-oi-Arms granted to this _srnall Colony in 1769 shows a large tree which tradition says is the 03.: or England under which are three small Laurels represent- ing the counties of" Kings, Queens and Prince. The» Iatin inscrip: tion reading “Parva-aab-Ingcnati is from Virgil, and is read literally

any as despatches f uently were ‘misdirected to St.’ ﬁn - fcundland. or saint John, New Brunswick. » ‘

, Selkirk Bettlsnsaat

some. or the proprietors lived up to their obligations and brou ht out settlers, a notable example - in that of lord Selkirk who came wi a party of 800 of his country- men in the ear 1808 to a district , which some authori- aim to be called after Bel- fast in Ireland and others say is a corruption of the French Belle Face, is beautiful hillside.

Lord Selkirk in a description of the settlement has this to say: I hm th late in the evening, and it

en a very striking ap ance. Each family had kindi?s.d“l-r large fire near their wigwaxn. and rnundthess were assembled groups of figures. whose peouliarnationai dress added to

I 2

0115; the At the

end of this line of encampment I and was ‘

looked to nothing less than a res- :4r>‘ii'at'i'on of the happy days oi’ clan- D.

Scotch Pioneers

The scotch have played an im- portant part in the d of the Province. Even settlements are redominantly Scotch. and s eh service en- tirely in the Gaelic language is not uncommon. For many years the prorogation or the Provincial Deg- islairure would not be considered com leto without the singing

of a ' ...‘£€'as.‘.ii;."ei§ll.§i«isli’;tl'

. . wn . ' BMW IN “,""'-’t-..i."%"'&'tai

was hoped B-N: surviving son and

evelopment in birth 1 today, wholes h‘i'i"m'§§§° ' W ° ' "

man ‘ brush‘?

QUOOD. A

Birth of flonfederaiion In thes

lstivs '

of Nova Bccth. New Brunswick Prince miwsrd ‘ assed reso- lutions in favour of a conference to consider avllnivn’ of moss by the sea. the Ame

and

prcvailedfin‘ the Marltimes. The

were Downlns stseet urged .

The decision to. sit at (1iarlotte- town was , bascdon the view that e Island was separate and apart from the cross currents of the ma . " '

sir John llaodcnald heard of the-

ropcsed meetingéfanldahc inquired

might attend. An “menu”

seeking union, and

4 therefore sent and the delegates

from Canada arrived at Charlotte- town on August Slat. -

On that day a circus was in full swing. andneari all the members of the Island inet were watch- ing. the elephants and the lions. one Mlnistor, however, was avail- able. and together with his young son. he went out in a small boat to the ship's side. and as the steamer cause to anchor in the harbour, he extended a welcome to the visitors. It is interesting to note that the small boy. in after years. became sir John's Private secretary and biographer.

In 1914. upm the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the Charlottetown conference, the Do- minion Government

h is V "M" ' '31} Charla was then the sole survivor of the delegates. but owing tobis great age it was not possible for him to cornsv from nigland. - .

It that me of the 5 of

lets the Fathers of confederation’ woul ’ totown

September i. 914. but.unfortun- ataiy the Wnr intervened and the arr-angemen were cancelled. -

Thehblet Described

'I'he hronse tablet. executed by Hamilton Moos:-thy. is a~fine ex- ample of the work of that ,well- known sculptor and man genius.

and contains «a n . SW7 which is of increasing value as the years pass.

At the top. on a 'eystone. are

the Irn rial arms ti th folds ogethe Union guest:

at each oorner~—Ontarlo, Quebec, Nova sootia and New Brunswick.

‘on the ioueifasoe or the tablet

is the former Oﬁnadian shield ‘con- tainlnz the , oi the nine Pro- vinces. and in e centre of the bronze‘ is the t of Prince - ward Island. pillars form the right and left skies of the frame, thereby t-vine Memorial to

‘old Oouncil

aimiia tum" the Oilanrlllbrp.

The names Qﬁﬂle delegates are

on ribbons in margins. and th‘

wording of that ription is: "I: the heartsand , dsolthedele- gates assemb ‘in this room on

Se tembe ‘I081. bo ssteiihrsriﬁssié? ter than they an?-w."°y ‘ ‘F A examination of tablet shows a herald on the

- are

on the left are five f s in classical attire. The portrait heads are easily recognized asrep. ' resenting, from left to right, Sir John Macdonald from Ontario or Upper Oanada, Sir George Cartier from Quebec or wet qslnada, sir

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1: Edward Island,

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grgg. ‘€335

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Mao_donaldhoids.aetoeshis theﬁabol oi msdeine. inc ohithas been a that even as didlloses w

the were

Princess Elizabeth's Bedroom

Ive we hear about Prin- gﬁ‘ I H “"339 d3" tells u Union.’ thes-ebyvp curing many of the Vghqwomanhuoxgd 1‘ ﬂ;m ngo(u1gqgy_,. -lﬂfilloutoftliestagewhsnshg « could Hill! I night-nursery mm M Sir John's feet are a locomo- her younger Ister. tive.ashes-f of wheat. ,3 abenowhasaroomorimon scythe. which remind us that when has been decanted mm.

theraiis laid. instohcrowntaste. Itilsscr tered the union, and when prorn- nd quilted rose-pink chm. lsed the Track of . Bri d chair covers gm her art-shaped

Oolunbia "".'° merit and prosperity.

Bluehyaoinths ans_much nav- oured inntlie Royal gardens at B

Prue”. mmaniiator how a 0! ular. rigwer suddenly bo- Dink Ind - -

. There B a tissue was born in oismu blue hyacinths at Castle. her little wooden bed 1“; and also at Mari- its four corner-knobs carved in the bomugh gauge shape of seottish thistles. Her them are to be done of

name-flowers, the margueritc and

'found in the gar-) Palace. the rose, on the headboard.

A National War ‘Memorial

“V, ._ ..lr. .

Amonu the various important ceremonies which was broadcast by CBO fmmﬂtfawa during the visit of Their -llalcrtics. ting King ¢oul,Qus’en, was the unveiuna or the Hcmorialéou 1'IiursHau. luv 18, at 3.00 W"- EDST. The memorial. pictured above with a corner of the Chateau caumr visible in the bwc , d, was designed by Vernon March, who‘ dledbbfors the actual construction was began. It was carried to completion by his six brothers and his sister, and it is without doubt one of the most im- ureseive produced since the Great War. The memorial con- sists of a great archway of Laursntian granite surmounted i'

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