5 7-mil: GUARDIAN. Cl-IVARLOTTETOWN

Penn Fences

The idea of fencing land pro- bably developed from the earlier dgvs when the different tribes built stockades or walls to pro- uot their homes, encampmenu, town: and cities from enemies.

Fences are a very ancient device used either to protect property from marauding animals or to re- strain one's own from wandering from the homestead. The various Upon of fences that have been med in this rnlintry indicate the steady development of our farm- ing industry.

Early Fences

In clearing land, it was necess- ary to rid it of stumps and stones, and, by placing these along the boundaries, a double purpose was served. The earliest fences were of- ten made of stumps, many of them were old pine frampikes' that had remained from earlier forests, and which when put together so that the roots of one interlocked with another, wollld stop any animal, and most people would go a long way around rather than try to get over them. The few stump fences that remain are sometimes spoken of as picturesque by our visitors, but a common expression formerly used was: "As homely as I. stump fence". These old dry pine stlimp fences have lasted for generations.

Log fences were used when lrees were more or less an enemy if the farmer, who, when he clear- 9d his land had no other use for many of the trees than to lay

itraight. line, with short cross pieces between each tier, and un- ;ess the ends of the first tier were placed on flat stones, the lower I138 soon decayed.

Stone fences, because of their durability, were often used on the line between neighbors. When stones were carefully selected and properly laid, stone fences were .-r!cted that have withstood the elements for centuries, and with the exception of goats, have res- trained the wanderings of most farm animals. Th? original blaz- ing of a line for a fence between neighbors, through the woods and over the hills. without instrll- ments, often resulted in some de-

ACADIAN

10 HOLT IQ STRIIET HALIFAX, N. S.

A motlcrn brick hllll(lll'l,'.',

-all newly decorated, warm, ('nminrlahiy fur- nished rooms. Autonidlie

Fire Sprinkler System in every room for your safety and i-rotcclion. Ra- dios available. Free Over- night Pnrkiiig.

DAILY RATES : Rooms With Run- ning Water

SINGLE 5 vii. 33.00, 5350 DOi'Ri.i;'

34.00. 54 50. 5500 Rooms With Private Ruth and Sllnucr SINCIJ7. 35.00--33.50 DOVRLFI Sli."i0 TVVIN BEDS Reservations in

RAT-MOUSE EXYERMINATOP.

Contains Warfarin Ohainable at your near- est store or (lriiggist.

Distrilintorsz I)cBlois Bros.

R. T. Holman Ltd. Rogers & Arncit Island Co-op Services Manufactured by Hancock Laboratories,

T -NEWSEY NOTES -

my I. a. Clark, nee.

Summersidc, P.E.I.

0 us.

O2003'00Q viatlon to the right or left of the correct line. The writer recalls that "fence-viewers once found an encroachment of eight feet. that one neighbor was determin- ed to hold by piling stones six-feet high over the-whole arcs.

Take Two

Dyh Fences

Throughout many districts in Prince Edward Island, the early settlers constructed many earth and stone dykes, largely along highways, and about the boun- darlea of their famis. some of these were over a mile long, with openings for gates. They were usually constructed with sods and layers of clay between well set up layers of uniform- ly sized stones. There would be three or more tiers of stones in the dyke. Most of these dykes had a ditch on one or either side of the dyke from which the soda and clay had been taken, adding to its height. They were seldom high enough to stop sheep or breachy live stock, unless B. few rails were built along the top of the dykc, or trees planted there to form a hedge.

Rail Fences

One of our earliest memories of lithe farm was the hauling of "var siongers" from the woods to re- pair and build an endless iglumber of fences. We should proba y ex- plain iicre that both "var" and ”longers are colloquial names formerly used quite generally on Th ll d. "V is the r idly- lgroevviiisganbalsanail fir, lAbe:p bai- samea.) whose wood is generally with Canada) NATO formation in considered of little value, except Royal can...-ii.m Drngoonj, for light lumber and fir sheathing. ilt is a. short-lived soft wood, very isubject to disease and wood borers. l i”Longers” are known elsewhere as; poles or rails, and were about five . d , i;'.23”5..5ii..?”?22EiiE..i?”Tn.”ii?.f.2 lprobabiy originated in building because they were longer Khan the pickets used to anchor lthe fence in position i l Rail fences were constructed in many different styles. The stake- 'nnd rider snake fence being one Eof the earliest when wood-fencing !materials were abundant every- ...D. lwhere. These zig-zagged along a "what a horrible idea! But you strip of land from six to eight haven; mid me what I askedgv festlwide with the longers or rails "About Borden? wen, thanks m tialpplllgthoverl aboutogswlselgghlgiggi my letter of introduction, 1 met Havtme1:i3cl'y etyurriayinacthe snake fence Mn .vzl)ntt'en'(:,r;' we seemed to get Most of these fences were six or ?n Ne age "7 5" 1.9””. my "C.' seven ion ers high with pickets (Dunk Such as H 15' ""0 ms 3 t branch of the bank. I consulted

,15ll)a0l!f1lL8L80Ilne ashxtlid iigliiiu f,,';i”'”,m1f; him about my business and. one drivcn well into the ground about wing leading w "nomcn tmd him lcighteen inches on either side of Pretty much wh” I h'"F me" leach turn in the snake fence, Wm”: S011. It 5661118 that Borden lwhere they formed an X that held I138 been trylnx: 10 Dill: through :the rider or top longer and acted 50l'Yl6 bit: deal. ill which he was he- as braces to strengthen the fence. gotiaiing for help from the bank-

The buffalo or stake fence was not Winterton's branch. He went lstraiizht. and required lonly from to headquarters. He told a plaus- ,three to four feet of land from ible story, and the thing was go. lwhere the cross stakes that held mg through when Mr, wlme.-Lon leach longer went into the ground; happened m ham. 0( it from 3 ltlie large end of each longer rest- mend at me mp. He remembered ,ed on the ground and was held at my story and repeated 1,, in conng tan angle of about forty-five deg- demegl suppose an mm is hikhtg

rees by two well-driven pickets, I 11, 1. VI d . ,similar to those in the snake fence, ,3 ge ?:?n;:jgeny'o!:17F,n I Dughmt

T-2-15.2.”: tit: 'tl7.5E.il so I - newly built, this was a very de- Mffw'm (h C led m pendable fence, but .lt,requlred a 'h. h til . 1 large proportion of pickets, antiili 10 ed 0 B0?d9Tl5 9PP1lC3i0n ,was liable to be crushed down bylbcillg lrurfled d0Wll With I bump- snow in the winter. il-Ie wasnt told why. but there i When iongers were more dii- seems to have heeh 3 leakage ificult to obtain, and hay wire be-lsomcwhere and he knew or guess- came available, then straight ed that Mr. Wintcrton was re- ifences were set up between two sponsihle." , lsturdy stakes or posts, one on each "Then um: accounts for in" side of the fence, and each pair Ba,-ham ex,.1Rm,ed,

'about fifteen feet apart, with the --FO,. whM?--

longers spaced and wired in place. --H35 ammwv his Wnmmg to hurt .Some methods of fastening the Mmnn m,.Dughg.. she broke om ilongers to the posts were patent- ...I.hmugh whom?”

led, and these fences were known "Nobody, I oughmm to hue and .as ltpatent ences". - ,..

l When cedar trees were available. th.?BjdF(;3rg:se:fit?3,eaf:'h,m Winter, lmany of these were split and to- hon through you?”

do there remain in many parts U iofyPrince County splendid cedar G995 h9”V9"5- "9! H": lfences that are horse-high and I197 what M" I W M31'”n?' lhog-tight after nearly a century. "1 d0ll'l- lm0W- I k1l0W R3 N”? about you as you do of me. But I Wife FHIC96 love you and if anybody tried to hurt you-something is hurting Wontt you

14 Upper Prince St., Charlottetown

The llnlatched Door

By Frank Price CHAPTER NINE

.(Contlnued)

i i

inquiries

could

i .

It must be about fifty years, . isince the writer observed, the first?:;?:q!::m::”R3Bgfu' iwoven wire fence, ncar Ebenezer "I an,” Dorm ask me” on the New glasgow Roadb. t'ThRf "WE" you ten me mm: 1. n on l at e v , it one - zyethgsglilgsaifncgsalzf 3?? today islY0llF 0W" 3909"” "W" Y9" "W

l

the galvanized woven wire fence.53fT3ld7" V , A forerunner of the barbed wire. "1 havfnt Said I 8m MFRld- I .fence was the ribbon saw-tooth couldn't tell you if I were. And you fence, that was such a menace to mustn't question me. You have no, lstoclt that it was soon discarded. right!"

1 The old reliable barbed-wire fcn- "1 have told you 1 love you and Ice, which replaced so many of the Wu were no; Eng;-y, Doegnw, that iother types, and which has been give me 5, right?"

discarded by some farmers because 1-): have,” said I love you. If 9"; -oi the danger it presents of injur- I did you would have me Ham to lug stock, is again gaining popu- question me am,” anything and I larity when used as an electric would amwerl but um” I do. I

Local Officer Cadet In Germany

Checking over soidiers' pay books is Officer Cadet W. L. Conrad.

, a student of the Royal Military

College, one of T4 officer cadets undergoing practical field training

Germany. He is attached to the (National Defence Photo)

Business Reports

VANCOUVER, July 18 -(CP) Powell River Company Limited today reported net profit of 53,- 650,955 for the first six months of this year. compared with 54,- 245,914 for the same period in

; 1951.

in the semi-annual report to shareholders Harold S. Foley, pre- sident, said: '

"Earnings were down when compared with 1951 because of increased costs, a change from a profit to a loss on exchange of American funds and a higher rate of income tax."

Consolidated profit before in- come iaxes totalled S7.55l.8'.'5 as compared with 39,157,220 in the first six months of 1951.

Mr. Foley reported increased production of newsprint during the period. It totalled 150,095 tons compared with 149,153 in 1951 while unbleached sulphlte pulp production was 22,925 tons com- pared with 23,67l last year.

Earnings a share were 87 cents compared with 51.05 a year ago. A dividend of 50 cents a share was paid this year compared with 67 cents last year.

REGINA. July 17-(CP)- The Leader-Post lays today it has learned that the Saskatchewan Government's Industrial Develop- ment Office is trying to interest private capital in building and operating a pulp mill in Northern Saskatchewan.

The paper reports interest has been shown by concerns in Swit- zerland. United States and some Canadian provinces. It says the efforts have not reached the level of agreement negotiations but there have been "several bites" by United States interests.

questions I can't you stop it, Roy, something nice?"

"For me that means

c A7 O: p vvv

The Hudson's Bay Company has Inaugurated a new plan which they um will complete their Interna- tlonal Fur Marketing services, namely, livestock loans and live- stock insurance. For livestock loans in approved cases they are pre- pared to make loans against live animals for the purpose of assist- ing in the development of the current season's production. These loans can be arranged without any delay and if I. mink breeder re- quires auch a loan all he has to do is to write the company giving full particulars of his stock with the quantities of each type, the number of each he intends to pelt and stating the amount he requires.

Another important new pro- cedure is the imuance of livestock insurance. This livestock insurance is a comprehensive coverage of live animals by the Hudson's Bay Company. Thus you can insure your minke at very favorable rates with a company of outstanding financial resources. The H. B. 0. covers the principal fur markets of the world and has warehouses in Montreal, New York and Lon- don, and they can sell your pelts in whatever center you desire. Our -experience of many years with this, the oldest company in the world, has been a very pleasant one and we are glad to see that its management is so progressive as shown by the above new develop- ments.

Canadian Fur Auction sales Company (Quebec) Ltd., has an- nounced the following dates for their sales-special mink sole, Dec. 3. 1962; special mink sale, Dec. 22, 1962.

A conference of fur breeders at the Ontario Veterinary Colicge broulzht out some interesting ex- periences and these are notes tak- en by a breeder which may be read by mink ranchers here with bone- fit-Ontarlo ranchers have fed quite a bit of raw chicken waste the past year or two and report that mink fur up well and produce satisfactorily. Care must be taken, however, to prevent this feed from spelling in warm weather. Some ranchers cook the waste. . . . . It is very important for the kits to have easy access to feed. A planti- ful supply of feed when they re- quire it aids materially in produc- ing larger kits. In the summer at 1951, 16 ranchers in southern On- tario bad outbreaks of virus en- teritis, or as it is often called, "Fort William disease."

One rancher reported that he lost 2.200 kits. That was about 60 Der cent of his total kit production. At the present time there is no effective method of prevention or treatment known . . . some ranchers also reported difficulty with low-flying planes during April and May of last year. Dr. Joan Bel- cher of the Department of Fur- Bearlnlz Animals. Ontario Veterin- ary College, is conducting fresh water fish feeding trials. The work is in conjunction with the Ontario lands and forests program in clean- ing undesirable fish from game areas.

Yellow fat disease occurred on some ranches where the owners fed storage fish as a high proport- ion of the diet. to the kits. Appar-

answer. Won't ently in the old days when the and-talk of ranchers did not have cold storage

and had to feed fresh fish and

talkhll meat the disease was not seen. The

Hbillllt YOU!” he BIld- "But I Won't controversy on which is the bet- ask another question you don't ter. sheds or outside pens, brought

want me to!"

out many interesting comments by

"Phat will he loveiyl" she said. members of the panel. In southpaw

"Eut don't waste

brelli-h talking Ontario it appears that sheds will about me. Go on telling me about pay for themselves in

rt-oucim:

yourself. Thai: is the subject I am weather damage to the fur and

most interested in."

increasing food consumption,

He was quite ready to obey her which means better growth dur- wish. and she listened gratefully. ing the hot summer months. Mem- content to have not him away bers of the panel picked the fol-

from the topic she feared. To be continued

FOR

SILO CONSTRUCTION

lowing diseases as the five most important as far as Ontario

-. TIMELY llorsslill TOPICS

...;.4

CONNECTED WITH

Silver Fox and

Mink Farming

.4-eoooeo-eeeakoacooooa-o4oe .

ranchcrs- are concerned . . . nu- tritional diseases (nursing nick- ness, etc.), calculi; food poisoning; vinis enteritis and distemper. Al- though virus enteritis is more spectacular. when all deaths are considered, losses due to nutrit- lonal imbalances are probably greater . . . Muskrat carcases are a good food when properly handled. One must realize, however, that mink can become infected with tulernmilt organisms by feeding muskrat. carcases.

Have your glass slides warm when sperm: checking as the sperm will stay alive longer. This results in a more accurate cheek. In rais- ing Aleutians mink it is a good idea to go through half-bloods to develop it more hardy animal . , . Preliminary observations of the new virus distemper vaccines have shown them to be more effective in controlling outbreaks than the old "killed" tissue vaccines. Kits can be vaccinated when the youngest litters are five weeks old. Ranchers were warned that split- ting an individual mink dose might result in a failure to protect mink against distemper.

The incidence of calculi in mink in the Maritime Provinces is very low. There is some thought that 7-he hlsher fish diets in that area may be a factor. Fur damage al- ong the sides and the bottom of the tail may be caused by sharp projections in the pen. This type of hair loss should not be confused with fur chewing. Horse meat in Ontario is becoming increasingly scarce and as a result high in price. Most: ranchers are utilizing substitutes such as chicken waste, increased percentages of both fresh and salt water fish, and are also using more cereal in the ration. Among the speakers at the above course were Andrew Sturgeon of Pcewaukee, Wisconsin, Albert Woodiey, New York City, and Dr, John R. Gorham, University of Wisconsin. It was a fine get-to- gather and as our readers will note, some quite good points were brought out. It appears to me, however, that mink ranchers of Ontario have a great many more troubles than the mink ranchers of Prince Edward Island. llere dis- temper is very seldom met with and losses-particularly early los- ses - have been comparatively small. It may be that our inutrit-, ioiiai balance is better than the Ontario men are using and per1 haps too, our longer spring clim- ate gives the young mink a better chance of survival. At the same time it would be a good idea. for all mink breeders here to read these notes carefully and tuck the information away for possible fut- urc I159. l

The Finnish Fur Breeders As- sociation of Helsinki, Finland, re- port that 200 standard and mutat- ion inink were imported from the United states during the past year. This breeding stock come from Fromm Bros. Hamburg. Wis., Pet- ockoy Fur Farms. Harbor springs, Mlicli., and A. B. Erekson and Sons, Sandy, Utah. In the previous year about 150 breeding mink wont to Finland . . . . According to Wom- en's Wcar Daily, silver fox gar- ments received the admiration of those attending the recent con- vention of beauty shop owners in New York City. The fur garments

AGFA "VENTURA"

' This eamera possesses every feature needed to make "up, sharply-defined black-and-whit. ., oolor negatives of a wide variety of subjects; an 14.5 Iesu; equip pod with a VARIO shutter, with speeds up, of sxsoo seconds, gm. chronized for flash. D 535,”

c.-.-.---....--m.m:..:-.-u-m-..

"rnooa SISMM”

THE FINEST VALUE MIN!A'l'tmg CAMERA ON THE MARML f 2.9 Lens in Varlo Shutter ..., 34,1,” 1 2.0 Lens in Pronto shutter .. 354.50

ALSO, VOIGTLANDER - ZEIS8 - BALDINITTI nail

OTHER FINE GERMAN CAMERAS.

.. 7 ,, ....-:-----was--O--.-1......--H i . Whether your need is for an Inexpensive box eunerl or a high precision instrument for more serious photofrlphy, you'll find it here, and at the RIGHT price. Come lee our selection. today!

G. H. rarnon

Jewellers for Four Generations

CUT FOOD COSTS

WITH A FIRESTONE ELECTRIC REFRIGERATOR 35269.50 Up 5 Models - Immediate Delivery FIRESTONE

BRYENTON & uacltnv ca.

187 Gt. George Street Phone 747

were displayed by the American 1'lox Brel:ders' Association at a style show.

TNE OION TNRESHER

-Newest, sturdiest, most adaptable, perfectly bal- anced, easy running, designed for all conditions. Pro- tected by 37 Timken Roller Bearings in three sizes, 22 x 32; 22x 38 and 28 x 48.

A DION equipped with Straw Shredder and Grain Thrower has been proven to be the best and most profitable way of taking up your harvest.

See this DION Thresher now on display at

WALTER O. CROKEN

Summerfleld, P. E. I. Island Representative for DION FRERES INC.

I

MK?

I ':,:.

.- 1 4 .. g a a,

4h N” Vxxtzdi” ”

'4-Qr",'t-.v-.....,,......-.. .- .- ,

, 1,: -- ,,,.. -'4

i .-. , ,E E Y . Q . .- T ,1 ,. , r l. . . -r - 4. ' 2

SPECIAL FIBRE PAPER - Available at 3 .,

fence. This fence, when properly mm M, .. . , you nothing. ””"”i,- '",f: 3””; "gimff bffivri "Untii you do!" Roy fastened me" N3 W eagerly on the words. "Does that

3;-c'Viii.:'.'vi': ,:e:ll?lE:lT)1Ig?IdlCl:f1:hE::1c1et mean that you will some day--that , .

which can easily be moved to W” 00”” 3”" me?"

OYALW

, ,,4nIuourII-"5 ll"

. - , it 1, d d, "I don't think it would be diffl- - . hiwaw 3yp"”''I'' - wtlfgligverideal 1.255, eto withstand cult," she said with laughter .. Mkkx "C' ” mm, gnaw and wind and keep struggling against tears in her e o ., . 'a 5"" animals where they should my, voice. "But you will melt! It lm- . i has not yet been invented. possible if you persist in asking me ',,, T 1- V . to -ix ..