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Editor, Frank Walker

Conant Inllltr. Inn A. Burnett

Ionlague and Aibarlnn. Autnol Post Omee Department.

VI. Iummu-nde 315.0 Rt uuunm. Rue lulu. other Provinces and U. I. A. ll-ll

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FRIDAY: JANUARY 21, 1055

Prime lviinisier Nehru says though problem areas exist, it is inconceiv-i. able that India will ever go to war with any

country.

had in mind are Pakistan, long-standing dispute with India over Kash- mir, and the small Portuguese colonies on

So Far So Good

that, al-

The specific problem areas he which has a

India's West coast. As for the dispute wilii

Pakistan, it is reassuring to hear from Mr.- Nehru that his country is determined to, settle that problem by

negotiation; for

there have been occasions in recent years

when open rupture between the neighbour-l

ing states appeared inevitable and, indeed,

imminent.

colonies the statement selves

With respect to the Portuguese merely to

emphasize a clear situation, namely, Portu-

gal's utter inability to save territories from being annexed by India atl any time Mr. Nehru might see fit to give

the word.

these small

The fact that he has not given

that word is evidence that, even in matters where nothing but token resistance might

be expected, his policy is one of restraintllly to be hurt by later freezes. Many an.

and forbearance.

So far, so good. would like to know is just how far Mr.i Nehru would allow aggressive forces, say; from Red China, to go, before deciding to:

What the free world

modify his doctrine of the inconceivability

of war in

the light of the situation that

would then confront the security of all free

Asia, including India.

Would he wait until

India found herself surrounded on all sides by Mao's armies, or would he consider an invasion of Burma or Thailand, by either military forces or plainly subversive ele-

ments, as

an attack, for all practical pur-

poses, on the sovereignty of India? No re- sponsible person in the free world has any

quarrel with Mr. Nehru's idealism;

but.

world conditions being what they are, a clear statement from Mr. Nehru as'to just what he would do in the event of further

Communist aggression,

would be of im-

measurable help to those Governments who

are trying, in every way open to them, to, keep Asia from being

overrun by the

forces of totalitarianism.

Some Scientific Origins

While it is true that the theologiansi

and the scientists have not always seen eye

to eye on many important matters, Ieems that the earliest scientific thinking of

it

which we have any record had a very close

relationship with

religious thinking and

ceremonies. In this connection, the follow- ing brief digest of a lecture on ”the Origin of Mathematical Notions" by M. Maurice . . . Frechet, a noted French mathematician, may be of Interest.

Babylonian astrology, which may be said: to have been the parent of modern astron-l

omy, was

based on religious belief. It led

to complicated computations of squares and cubes. The Egyptians, the first to use geo- metrical rules, discovered them almost ac-

cidentally rites.

The study of irrational

in the course of their mystical numbers

probably began with the Greeks who, on their visits to the Delphi Oracle, were com- gmanded to give to a cubic altar a double volume without changing its cubic shape. Plato was inclined to regard all knowledge as mental "conversion", which he equated with spiritual transformation.

Pure mathematics has 1. special historic? relation to religion. jthe monks, who were

In the middle ages the only teachers

" worth mentioning in secondary schools,

-"gave great attention to ".science in their efforts to rsove the Christ- :ian idea of infinity over the Aristotelian

this branch of

disbelief in its existence-or, more accur-

ately,

belief in its non-existence. Pascal, who was theologian as

Blaise well as

mathematician, went to great pains to pub- licize his mathematical skill chiefly because he wanted to be considered a sound logician when he went forth to' lecture on theolog- ical subjects. Leibnitz, the famed German mathematician and philosopher-and, with- oj. I religious man-believed that most re- V, mysteries and revealed truths could - A understood as easily as a mathematical

a

aw! .. -,

only our powers of reasoning I were properly developed.

January Thaw

A 3 scientists now believe that in- "Jpmuary thaw," predicted .

inane: muumunuiuna:

almanamactciaelly weeksintbtheNcw

,In the midwest, it happens a few days'

ee.i'..-r. Vvinieis as a whole are known to be growing warmer in the Northern Hemi- sphere, the National Geographic Society says. But a regular thaw on certain dates in mid-January is something else again. Suchian occurrence is called a weather ”singu1arity."

To determine that abnormal weather is more than a random event-and hence nor- mal-not only must the records of many years be studied but also rigid statistical tests applied. The most recent study of the January thaw did both, and went on to relate the distinct warming-up with a

much larger phenomenon - a changeover .in atmospheric circulation patterns over the entire continent. In Boston, Air Force meteorologist E. W. Wahl charted January weather records from 1873 through 1952. His 80-year averages gave him daily "nor- mal" temperatures, and these in tuI'n show- ed a pronounced thaw in the three-day per- iod January 2l-23. Half of all the years studied had higher temperatures on Jan- uary 22 than on January 19 or 25. In oth- er years warm periods merely shifted a ifew days either way. The same January period that brings warmer weather to this hemisphere usually sees severe cold snaps in Europe. Indeed, so bitter has January :always been that the ancient Anglo-Saxons lcalled it ”Wulfmonath”-the month when 'wolves are most likely to be hungry and

I dangerous. I Warm spells in midwinter have never

lbeen welcomed by farmers, who know too well that unseasonably early growth is like-

old proverb warns of thaws in January: l”January warm, the Lord have mercy!" or '”A January spring is worth nothing," and i”If you see grass in January, lock your grain in the granary." A folklore predic- tion even warns, ”If January calends be summerly gay, 'twill be winterly weather till the calends of May.”

EDITORIAL NOTES

George Moore, Irish novelist, died this date 1933. O O 0

Reports of disastrous house fires seem to be increasing in number and gravity every day. Some of the fires, no doubt, are unavoidable; but many of them would never occur if a little extra care and vigil- ance were used, especially in the winter months when it islso easy for stoves to get out of control. The time to realize that -”fire is a bad master" is before, not after, a house is enveloped in flames.

O O O

"The Commons and the Senate will sit" is official Ottawa's way of saying that members of both houses will meet for busi- lness. Undoubtedly, some of them should sit more often than they do, particularly .when they have nothing constructive to say. Others, on the other hand, would be

better employed in ltstanding on reluctant

l

,feet" and saying a word for the rights of

their constituents.

Harvey Murphy of Vancouver, regional idirector of the 10,000 member International Union of Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers says he is a Communist and does not care who knows it. ills frankness, while it does not make him any more desirable as a small-union leader, will at least confirm the good judgment of the Canadian Con- lgress of Labor and the American CIO, who

gexpelled him and his followers in 1949. l O b O

p A report from Edinburgh says that in- witatiiiiis to attend the festival to be held ion the 196th anniversary of the birth of lRobert Burns are being extended not only Etc Scots at home and abroad, but ”to all iinterestcd in the life and work of the poet." If all such invitations were accepted, Scot-I land would be the most congested spot on earth on Jan. 2.3; for who in the civilized world is not interested in everything con- cerning Scotland's Robbie? I O O 0

It is encouraging to hear from the Fish- eries Research Board that the so-called ”Malpeque Disease", that sometimes affects oysters is mis-named and that the disease is less prevalent on P. E. 1. than in other Maritime areas. But, by whatever name it should be called--and the sooner a more appropriate one is found, the better-there should be no let-up in research aimed 'at its eventual eradication. What is bad for the industry in one area is bad for it in all other areas.

I O 0

According to the Montreal Gazette, the Soviet Union still collects a lot of kopecks from showing American movies; though none of the kopecks find their way back to Hollywood. A large number of old American films were captured in France and Germany during the sound was-id Wet and copies of them am still palm the rounds. A favorite method of npimhblbg the Iupplv is for the soviet nniimy In

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We have grown accustomed to the sudden changes of political leadership which distinguish many of the Latin American state 5 (most certainly not all since several

them have long-established democratic governments). It would seem that of late the tiny repub- lics on the C e n tr a 1 American isthmus are exhibiting a greater degree of violence than is found in other areas south of the Rio G1-nnde. Last summer there was the overthrow of the Arbenz gov- ernment in Guatemala. Later came a threat of trouble over a disputed election in Honduras. A few days ago the president of Panama was assassinated. and now the long-established feud between Nicaragua and Costa Rica has broken out into hostilities.

Like many parts of Latin Ameri- ca the isthmian republics have nev- er developed a tradition of order- ly political changes. Often the only method of ridding the country of a dictator is a violent overthrow of his regime and replacing it tre- quenily by one just as autocratic. Although there are the facades of free elections provided for by elaborate written constitutions it is frequently the case that power is held by the man who can keep the backing of the army.

I O O

The Panama case is most inter- esting. This narrow country. through which the Panama Canal runs. has been one of the stormlest parts of the Central American reg- ioin with governments being over- thrown by revolutions in quick suc- cession. The country has no army but the well-trained police force of about 3000 was long the power behind the presidency. For several years the police chief made and broke presidents at will. But two years ago Jose Remon decided that instead of being president-maker ,he would take the office for him- ,self. Solidly entrenched with the lforce which he had led for so long, IRemcn had a period of stability Isuch as few presidents enjoyed and he accomplished many things for Panama. He made tremendous im- provements in the country's econ- omic life, brought an unusual de- gree of efficiency and honesty into the administration, and had com- pletcd a new deal with the United States which would have greatly increased Panama's annual rent from the Canal Zone. But. now he too has fallen from the same kind of violence which brourzht down some of his predecessors. So far everything remains quiet and his successor promises to kccp the Roman program intact. But presi- dcnt Guizado lacks the powerful backing which Rr-mnn had and fur- ther trouble may follow. Strategic- 'ally located as it is, Panama is of more than rnsunl importance to the United States

0

0 0

Costa Rica has long been one of the outstanding republics in the whole of Latin America. its edu- catlonal standards have been ex- ceptionally gond and Costa Rlcans liked to boast that their country had more teachers than soldiers. not the usual situation in Latin America. Although there have been a few violent upheavals the coun- try has been free from revolutions for long periods of time. and with A high degree of individual owner- ship of land I eolld middle class

Anti-Freeze Tariff

(Winnipeg Free Prom) In I meant. submlsion to the

as belnt Olilioud to any a tariff increase on ethylene 117001 (used in maklnl uitl-freon) II asked for by the two Canadian - manufacturers of this product.

The OFA pointed out that form- rsble amount of

I , Politics Of Violence

By Heath Macqunrrle

has been built up. But preslden. Figures has long been regarded as an enemy by dictator Samoza of Nicaragua. and has for many months been fearful of trouble from the more powerful and populous neighbor. American as- sistance in arming her Nicaraguan ally has not contributed to Flgurest feelings of comfort.

The present dispute has all, the earmarks of the typical Central American revolution. ostensibly the invaders are all Costa Ricnnl who are anxious to set. up a new government in their native land, but there is little reason to doubt that Samoza is well aware of what is going on. Without help Costa Rica, which now has no standing army, will be unable to hold its own. The Organization of American States to which all countries in this hemisphere, except Canada. belong has been asked to inter- vene. In 1947 when Costa Rica also had a. complaint, the OAS handled the trouble effectively and kept the peace. Costa Rica hopes for similar results this time.

On the five-member committee of investigation the United States

standing friendship with Samoza, its delegate should be counted on to uphold the rights of the stalwart little democ .oy which now seems.

has I place and despite the long- i

in real peril.

We .a'-? "” THE SIMPLON PASS . . . The brook and road Were fellow-travellers in this - gloomy strait And with them did we Journey sev- eral hours At a slow pace. The immeasurable eight. of woods decaying, never to be de-

cayed,

The stationary blasts of waterfalls.

And in the narrow rent. at every turn

Winds thwarting winds. bewildered and forlorn:

The torrents shooting from the clear blue sky, -

The rocks that muttered close upon Olll' C311-

Black drlzzllng cross that spoke by the wayside

As if a. voice were in them. the sick sight

And giddy prospect of the raving stream.

The unfettered clouds and region of the Heavens, .

Tumult and peace, the darkness and the light.-

Were all like workings of one mind. the features

Of the same face. blossoms upon one tree:

Characters of the great: Apocalpyse,

The types and symbols of Eternity.

Of first, and last, and midst, and without and .

-William Wordsworth.

The Red Chinese move against the Tachen islands is a carefully planned and well-developed part of policy. It is not likely to be shaken by anything the West can do or say.

Last year. during all the shooting a r o und Quemoy. well-informed Chinese Nationalists kept pointing their fingers away from that Island at the mouth of Amoy harbor and directly opposite Formosa. and to- ward the Tachens 200 miles farther north.

While the Reds were making noises around Qliemoy. their real

would hurt Canadian production: it noted that the essential raw materials are available to the com- panles at a cost. equal to or below that enjoyed by United States pro- ducers. and that the Canadian com- panles have a decided advantage in freight. rates from factory to mark- et. area over their American com- petltors.

M-st telling of all, the brief poin.cd m.'. that recently one of the two Canadian producers of anti-freeze was bought out by an- other company. To the Federation it seemed significant that a large company should invest heavily in the ethylene glycol industry when it had no assurance that the pres- ent tariff on ethylene glycol would be changed. The interference is plain. The company would not have bought. into this business bad it felt. it was going to lose money in it; therefore, the business is profitable even with the tariff on it stands now, and any further protection merely means hlahor prices for users of anti-freon and larger profits for

the eonmanleo. Need money to pay

.13., ..-will

with all HFC loan!

' Gent fhemuphuatovnetimeiloonsol 1850 to 81.000 mule at HFC on your own aigllatmte. Easy-to-moot toquiulnenu. One-day service. 24 months to repay. Today J . . keep your credit good. nun fresh

The Tachen Islands.

By J. M. Roberts Associated Press News

military concentrations were being made opposite the Tachens.

They have two important reas- ons for the current pressure on the Tachens entirely aside from the attainment of new military posit- ions.

. O I

They have promised the Chinese

people to regain Formosa. which

they cannot attempt now becauseg

the United States 7th Fleet stands across the way and Peiping, like everybody else, wants to risk no general war now.

Regaining Formosa became I Chinese creed long before the Com- munist conquest of the mainland. and provides a chord which can be struck among those people who have not maintained their loyalty toward long-gone Chiang Kai-shck. It Is important to the Reds to make a show of keeping their promise.

. . .

Even more important to a rel- lme which is perfectly capable of ignoring popular opinion If it wishes is the psychological effect on Asia of another defeat handed to the anti-Communist forces. The Reds have been producing such defeats off and on ever since the war-in China. Tibert. North Vietnam-and now on the way to Formosa.

I The Age Old Story

Preach the word; he Infant. in season. out of season; reprove, lu- huke, exhort with all lpngsufferln; and doctrine . . . But watch thou III III tlllnli. endure afflictions. do the work of an evangelist, make full proof of thy mlnbtey.

,)

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Need annoy ? Bill: fo pay? Coll RFC today!

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I To those gloomy people who atoutly maintain that the world ll oeyond all help we would like to lquote a remark we have just oome acrom by Sir Winston Churchill. 'tAn admitted inability to do every- thing at once is-not a valid ex-

'ouee for doing nothing." -Pet.er- borough lxunlnor. nigh money wages have very

little meaning if cancelled by price rises or unemployment. Lowe: money wages may well mean high- er real wnzu if they assure con- tinuous employment and lower prices. That is, one of the most

obvious athematlcol facts ot.any economic system, from free en- terprise to communism. -Vic-.

torts Times.

During the put your nineteen deaths were attributed directly to injuries sustained in football saunas in the United States. There were an additional 51: fatalities des- cribed as being indirectly caused by the sport. Recently a. wrestler died of a heart. attack in Florida. Boxing takes its tall with regular- ity. In view of the speed of hoc- key, the use of wooden sticks. a hard rubber puck that could kill if it. hit the right spot. terrific bodily contact. the sharpness of skates, it is surprising that Can- ada's national game does not pro- mote fatalities as football does. Probably one eicplanation of the record of safety which hockey has attained is the fact that players learn how to protect themselves at an early use. Another, which to a. tribute to the thousands of pox- clcipants, is that most players are conscious of the danger that lies in their sticks and skates and sub- consciously .. t. the other fol- low. -Fort. William Times - Journal.

There II III over-recurring quee- pion of the propriety of using the words Scotch, Scottish and Scots. It is discunod, for instance. in a letter from An Edinburgh lady printed recently in.t.ho Glasgow Sunday Mail The writer says the modem tendency is to decry the old term Scotch and offer the re- flned Scottish or the more cul- tured Scots. The letter writer con- tinues: "From childhood I have adhered to Scotch; as I was taught at: school that was the most on- clont form. When angliclzalon of the speech, 5 and habits of our gentry took place after the Union, I imagine Scottish and Scots were selected for the top shelf, Scotch being retained for the use of the lower orders. scotch was certainly used in the kitchen where it is still respectable and re- spected, as for instance, in Scotch broth. Scotch bun and Scotch shortbread." The oxford English dictionary pays some attention to this controversial question and ex- plains the oldest form of the ad- jective in English is Scottish; the oldest: in Scottish is Scots (Scottie); Scotch dates from about 1570. Ac- cording to the Oxford dictionary the usage in Scotland has tended to favor Scottish or, more rarely, Scots. In England and America,

NAOTESVBY

THE .WAYfI

Scottish the lite .

is used almost Idrl.:lz'iatE:.l1(Il!y 23:; certain nouns - Scotch Wllhkg tweeda. virl; Scottish cummi- bookli hi-story: Scots Slaw. w' would say that thus dmmn: forms of the adjective could I). used more or less It the dime tlon of a wrim provided mere 1; no attempt to ch 9 ch, time. honored appellation of semen whiskey, -Welland '1';-mun.

still more, command or

are instructed to-assilglizc an 22:: getic and conscientious patrolman to safety duty. His job will be to determine "soft" spot: in the area and keep a check on Accident trends. Perhaps more Lmpomm than this systematic supervision of traffic is the order that ha. gone out warning all policemen that he selection of safety pan-01. men does not mean that hlgmu, safety responsibility is removed from other ember of the com. mpnd. Every policeman will 1,. under an obligation to keep an en out for violations and take necu. any action. -Montreal sm-

Summersid Police In Prince M. ward Island figure that a man the, found inside a department my. the other night. has the lugs” pocket: in the Marltlmes - pg;-. ahps the largut. in Canada. Why; they emptied his pockets-at pong. headquarters they found: 10 men's wrist watches. five women's wrist watches, four pocket watches, to pocket. lighters, one electric sham, four sets ofltle and cuff an open bottle 0 liquor and . quart. of wine. Police said he no a piano socordiu away before they caught him. Did his playing 4;. the accordion attract police at,- tention? or did the instrument at its own accord somehow emit . tell-tale squswk? A musical in. strumont would seem I risky t. for a burglar to carry around. has I. certain inadvertent, playful capacity to sound an alarm. Sydney Post Record.

Too many elected representatio- es in various gun-l manta regu-g their office as an tnltriiment q( self-glorification. self-interest and special service to friends. rather than an opportunity to give selfless service to the people. And some elected representsttv - are intona- ted mainly for no monq that the office pays them. or the opportu- nities that are offered for finan- clal gain through the prestige nt- tached to the elected office. when) or elected representatives can u admit it or not. they no publil servants in every sense of the word. They are chosen by the people to work in the interest of the people When they lose sight of their elec- tion for public service they on be removed from office by the people. Time was when election to offla was considered an honor in the public eye. Today. the public imlnll less of the honor of the office and more of the ability of their mp resentatlves on business adminis-

4

Scotch is the colloquial form,

trabors. -sudbury Stu.

envolved should not be too It is hoped too that our

attention is drawn to this

Charlottetown Centennial

MANY THANKS T

The Charlottetown Centennial Committee wishes to thank all those responsible for the excellent co-op- eration received over the Holiday Season in the light- ing up of our Churches, Public Buildings, Mam Busi- ness area and Private Homes.

The special street lighting In the main Business area has now been taken down for the winter months and will be replaced in May.

Your co-operation is asked again for the summer months in joining us in a memorable display of special Centennial Lighting, including the flood-lighting of our Public Buildings, Institutions and Private Homes. With longer hours of daylight in those months the expense

ate their places of business and- homes for the sum- mer months with Bunting, Flags, etc., and your early

secure the same in plenty of time'. CHARLOTTETOWN CENTENNIAL COMMITTEE

1955

great. citizens will fittingly decor-

matter so that you can

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