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PAGE FOUR

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nee GUARDIAN,

CHARLOTTETOWN

THE GUARDIAN

‘l, llolslldlil ll “I'll mi rhino llnsl. ‘toss Offloe Drpnrtnwnl, Olllfln. ‘Ilsa Island (lusts-dials lrublsiilslng Co. lllsar and slisnisgisu lllrrrtul. J It. Burnett

' Aniwlnlo Eslltur, Frnnls Walls".

‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Thal

. the Weakest ink."

CHABLOTTETOWN, THURSDAY, JUNE 23, 1949

Annual School Meetings

On Tuesday, June 2B, the annual school meetings are to be held in the districts through- out the rural communities. The importance of these meetings has been emphasized in lette-rs sent out by the Provincial Department of Edu- cation, bath to the school trustees and to the clergy of the Province, who are requested to say a ward to their parishioners on this subject an the Sunday preceding June 28.

The trustees are also being provided with a summary of the amendments to the Public School Act passed at the last session of the Leg- islature, arid it is to be hoped that all concerned will familiarize themselves with this in-formation before the meetings. Only thus will they be able to discharge their duties properly.

Voters at annual school meetings have also important responsibilities to discharge. Thesc include the election_af capable and efficient trustees, voting of funds sufficient to ensure that the schools and surroundings will be clean, com- fortable and reasonably well equipped, and providing for adequate supplements to enable the trustees to secure and retain the services of com- petent teachers. if we want better educational service in our rural communities, this is the way

to obtain it‘

, Liberal iiplnion

The following comment from that staunch Liberal champion, the Winnipeg Free Press, sums up public opinion with candor and brevity:

"Being sub judice, the court charge of elec- toral intimidation against Premier Smallwood of Newfoundland cannot properly be discussed now. Apart altogether from the court proceedings, however, and any question of their legality, it can be said that, if the press reports are correct, Mr. Smollwood has been guilty of dangerous and discrieditable political practice.

"According to the Newfoundland press -- ond Mr. Smallwood has not denied its accuracy —-ho told the voters of certain loca-l polls that if they did not vote for him his government would not spend any money in the surrounding areas.

"Elected by an overwhelming majority in Newfoundland's first election as a province of Canada, Mr. Smallwood has made a bad begin- ning. No right-thinking Liberal will attempt to defend this entirely illiberal action."

ii Sorry Substitute

Reports across Canada indicate that the pre- lent general election campaign is on-e of thedull- est since Confederation. Reversing the history of previous campaigns, it seems to be getting less lively as it goes along. One reason for this is aptly summed up by the St. John's (Newfound- land) Evening Telegram, from which we quote:

"The microphone has to a great extent re- placed in political campaigns the personal ap- pearance of candidates before those whose sup- port they a~re seeking and the addressing of their appeals to them directly. it may even be the case that the speaker whose voice comes over the air is nowhere near the station transmit- ting the speech and that what is being heard is merely a record of a manuscript, written in the candidate's spare time (or perhaps by someone elsc) and delivered at a time when, it may be, he is enabled to listen to his own voice or is free to attend to some other business or entertain- ment. .

"The campaigning by microphone saves the candidates an immense amount of the time, labour and cast formerly expended by those seeking to win the favour of the electorate. lt also enables them to avoid the embarrass- ment of having to satisfy an audience that state- ments made will be corroborated or that pro- fessions are nothing more than words which, parrot-like, they have been taught to repeat. Under the radio system of campaigning, candi- dates may never see many of the voters; may never learn from personal contact the peculiar problems of the districts or ridings, and the el- ectorate may have no opportunity to determine by personal acquaintance whether or not the homers-control’ canvossers possess ths quali- fications desired of a representative.

”Canvassing through the microphone en- ables the speaker to make charges which can- not be immediately challenged. As for the ef- fectiveness of such speeches, as often as not they are wasted on the air, since not a few radio owners are unaware of the broadcast or, know- ing that it is scheduled for a certain time, choose to tune in on some other programme.

"Restriction of the use of the radio station to speeches broadcast by leaders of the political parties in order to inform the public of their re- pective policies or ta make announcements as cir- cumstances may warrant of some matter of special importance would seem to be well worth considering. The existing practice might well_be termed the lazy way of campaigning. Leaving the prospective voter the choice of marking his ballot for a voice and nothing more, the canvas- sing by radio is likely to be largely responsible for creating apathy in tho one and only system which ensures that the mandate to direct the affairs of o country shall come from the people as o whole.

"ln former times when transportation facili- ties mode the canvassing of constituencies for more difficult, party candidates conducted their campaigns thoroughly. They mods themselves known to the voters and tho voters were enabled by personal‘ contact to judge their worth. Their oduols travels brought thorn into contact with

few cases, discriminations and injustices which existed. Today, when travelling has been made so much easier by means of motor boats, motor cars or aircraft, there is less excuse for the arm- chair method of soliciting votes. in fact, electors might well take the view that those candidates who, to save themselves trouble, treated them with such unconccrn were scarcely likely, if el- ected, to give serious thought to the welfare of their constituents."

/ EDITORIAL NUIESJ’.

Four more days till the election. i A’ i‘

Some indicatioin of the amount or printed matter it takes to govern a country in this day and age is given by the fact that the proposed Dominion Government Printing Bureau in Hull is to cover l8 acres of land.

e a n

The Charlottetown Junior Chamber of Com- merce is starting at the right end in its efforts to attract tourists. The iclea is to make wel- come and show consideration to those who come so that our natural advantages are not spoiled for them by thoughtless treatment.

U U ¥

The Cuna-rd liner Parthia belied her name when she arrived in Liverpool, England with a 34-foot whale impaled an her bows between wind and water. Had she done execution with her powerful screws it woVl truly have been a Par- thian shot.

U U I

A'pleasing exchange of international cour- tesies was started by the Connecticut Historical Society. The society returned to Pitcairn island, in the South Pacific, the bible of H.M.S. Bounty of mutiny fame. As a "token of appreciation" the British Colonial Office has offered to the society, copies of four maps of Connecticut dat- ing from i697 to i760.

e o w

The withdrawal of the Ottawa Journal from the morning field leaves only one morning news- paper, The Citizen, in the capital. The cost and difficulties of running a morning newspaper are enormous, and have resulted in practically elimin- ating them in most cities. At present there are now only seventeen morning newspapers in the ‘Dominion.

I I I

We have nothing on Ottawa so far as leaving footprints to follow us in the sands of time. A total of 160 descendants mourn the death this week of 90-year-old Mrs. Elizee Levac of Ottawa. Born in St. Timothee, Que., Mrs. Levac was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Martin Fortier. She was married at Montreal in i875 to Elizee Levac who died 2i years ago. Survivors are seven sons, 47 grand-children, 10S great-grandchildren and one great-greatgrandchild. .

I I I

'H.R.H. the Duke of Windsor, (Edward Al- bert Christian George Andrew Patrick David) K. G., K.T., KJP., G.C.B., G.C.S.i., G.C.M.C., G.C.I.E., G.C.V.O.,_G.B.‘E., I.S.O., M.C., F.R.S., Royal Vic- toria Chain, Ad-miral of the Fleet, Field'Marshal, Marshal of the Royal Air Force, Ex-King, born this date i894. He succeeded to the throne as Edward Vlllll, Jan. 20, i936; abdicated Dec. ll, i936; married June 3, i937, Mrs. Wallis War- field; appointed Governor and Commander-in- chief of the Bahamas Islands in i940 which he retained for five years. He now resides abroad, for the most part in France. Hos no children.

o o o

‘When we think of outstanding leaders in public life, we rarely take into consideration the age they have attained. Winston Churchill, for instance, referring in a speech to the fact that members of Britain's police retired at the age of 55, said "the question of my awn retirement at 75 is one which may well come up in the future." "You never know," he added, "whether there will not prove to be life in the old dog yet." Churchill, Britain's wartime prime minister and now. Conservative Leader, will be 75, next Novem- ber. Yet he is as lively as a cricket and as vigor- ous in controversy as he was in his forties. The fact is, he has loved and enjoyed life, as en'er- getic and optimistic when the tide was against him as when it was with him. He is o born fight- er, and old soldiers never say die.

e s s

Hope this will be followed in Canada, The BBC has issued a ukase that studio audiences refrain from making horrible noises in the way of applause which might penetrate to the living rooms of listeners. Mr. Michael Standing, BBC variety director, said persons listening at home want to hear the program, not the ap- plause. Instructions to studio listeners are sum- marized by the pamphlet in four points. They are: "(oi We welcome your laughter at any time. (b) We hope for your applause, but in appropri- ate places only, that is, at the end of a scene or musical number or on the entrance or exit of an artist who you think deserves it. But we do not want (l) Clapping for individual gags or jokes during on act or scene. lit holds up the program and often spoils the scene for the lis- teners. (Z) Catcolls, whistles and cheers. They make a horrible. noise on the air." So say we all of us. Q i I English school children and mothers living in Kent villages will nor, in the future, go to the dentist. The dentist will go to them, because his surgery is on wheels! The first mobile dental clinic in Britain has been treating patients at Ayiesfard, three miles from Maidstono. it was built to the design of Mr. F. J. Saunders, the County Senior Dental Officer, and has a waiting room for six people, a surgery and a combined recovery and laboratory. it is equipped with X- ray apparatus with accommodation for develop- ing films, ond hos its own water supply and an electrical generator. The Kent County Council has placed orders for two mobile clinics and eventually the service will covsr the whole of rural Kent. Tho service is~for nursing and ex- pectant mothers and children. Treatment, of course, is free under the National tloolth Ser-

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THE COW LN APPLE-TDII

Something inspires the only cow of late

To make no more of s. vmll than sn open gate.

And think no more of wall-bulld- ers than fools.

Her face is flecked with pomlce and she drools

A cider syrup. Having tasted fruit.

She scams a pasture withering to the root.

She runs from tree to tree where lie and sweeicn

The windfalls spiked with stubble

. and warirn-eaten.

She leaves them bitten when she has to fly.

She bellows on s knoll sgalnsl. the

Ski’. Her udder shrivels and the milk 8°95 d1’!- -—Robert Frost.

O0 h Old Charlottetown (Anll P. l. l.)

CIRCULAR RACE COURSE

Horse racing ivos popular 9n m; Island from early days, but what aDbears to have been the first. event on “the new Circular Cmunse. near Bird Island Creek," took place an October 4 and 5, 1827, and was “very numerously attend- ed." Lieutenant Governor Ready and Miss Ready arrived on the grounds at 2 o'clock on the open- ing day, when the Governor's purse for the best mile heats was won "by Mr. A. Scott's Bay More." The time mode is not given in the newspaper report. "Mr. Hyde's Bey Mare" was the winner on the $900M lily. but the sweepstakes again went. to Mr. Scott's more. "We look forward." says the re- port. "with pleasure to the year d829, when the produce of ‘Ronces- valles’, the famous horse imparted in 1826 by His Excellency. will have an opportunity of she-wing their

best speed. Several large sums, we understand. are already bet upon them."

The races were advertised to be- gin "at l2 o'clock, noon. each day —s.n/:l all horses to be entered on or before the Monday previous. sit 6 o'clock Ln the evening, either at J. Crokei-‘s, 5t. Peter's Road, or at me Commercial Inn. Charlotte- Town."

‘ Riders were obliged to have "Jockey dresses". and no horse was allowed to enter at the Post, ex- cept by consent of the stewards.

the 1st, 2nd and 3rd best men at wrestling", and the advertise- ments announced that "the best Wines and all sorts of Liquor will be provided by J. Croker, and Din- ners served to order at the short- est. notice."

It was requested that "no Dogs be brought on the grounds, as any found an the course will be des- troyed."

Pressure On The Pound

(The Times, London.)

Pressure for devaluing the pound grows steadily ‘abroad. where the step is held to be both desirable and likely. The large de- ficits of the sterling and other soft-currency areas in their trans- actions with the dollar and hard- currency areas are adduced as evi- dence that the exchange rates of all the inconvertible currencies, including sterling, are et too high.

One form of this argument. widely favoured in the United States, is that certain European currencies need substantial de- valuation and that a smaller de- valuation of sterling ls necessa y as a contribution to this general adjustment.

Meanwhile European countries contend. reasonably enough. that many-sided trading cannot be re- stored unless sterling is made transferable between one oversea country and another. and that. this —-\vhich would take in all western Europe to begin with. and would develop later into full convertibil- ity into all currencies including gold and dollars-must entail de- valuation as a first‘ step.

O

One consequence of this discus- sion is that many business people oversea are not unnaturallv tend- ing to base their practical decis- ions from day to day on the ex- pectation that devaluation is com- ing. Ways are being found of transferring limited amounts of sterling into other currencies. and this seems to have increased the drain on the United Kingdoms gold and dollar reserves.

Oversea buyers of British goods and services are Dniipofllhl n09 merely their payments in sterling but in some cases their actual purchases of British 200d!-

"All this has left British official policy unmoved. Opposition to de- valuation remains lnflexlblfi- Since. after all, deyaluatlon means selling exports more easily If"! more cheaply and reduclnl im- ports by making them more ex- pensive in the locsl currency —l¢ means. in fact. on almost deliber- ate reduction of standards of liv- lng-countrles seldom resort to l! unless. through their export prices being too hich. they Ire wffeflfll either from unemployment or from n bigger adverse balance of pey- ments than they can finance. Since this country is not yet suffering from either of fheoe disabilities. opposition to Ge sluation is nef- urel and right.

This country owes lio ability to pay its way, however, to Marshall old. Though sufficient exports can be sold to achieve o nominal bel- snce of payments with the out- flde world at large. this is only because a deficit of some 0110m- e year with the lisrd-cisrroncy countries is balanced by s surplus with the sterling and antler. currency areas when prices higher and goods easier so sell. Such n belongs is s balance onl! in name. a

Ibo mil-amen dstioitis oev-

Addltional prizes were given "to t

Fair Exchange lio Robbery

come oven mo oo some otoioc YOUR suiiav Patent)!

come coca, Bur we ooisvr ‘OGLCOMC VOUR. COMPAhliON-

cred by dollar aid. If this prop were withdrawn a devaluation could hardly be avoided. The test, therefore, is whether this coun- try and the sterling area are likely to balance their hard-currency ac- counts within, any, about two years. Naturally, this is not a problem for this country alone. Much depends on whether the countries with which this country has a surplus will themselves have a dollar surplus. co that this coun- try can convert its earnings into dollars.

Much depends. too. on the pra- bable amount of oversea invest- ment. by the United States. for it is reasonable to think that some part of capital development in both the Commonwealth and Eur- ope may be financed by Ameri- can capital.

At the same time delay in mak- ing a decision is only justifiable if proper use is made of the time gained. To wait upon events can be justified only if disinflation is pushed further and if prices in the sterling area can be seen to be moving gradually into line with dollar prices.

This calls not only for hard fisp cal and monetary policies at home but also for a stringent check an the amounts of sterling made available to other countries and a studious avoidance of further bi- lateral trade agreements based an high prices 0n both sides.

lateral trade is to be restored, that the pound should be made convertible within a reasonable period at least into all non-dollar currencies and later into dollars and gold. It would be better to devalue now than to allow the present cumbersome system of ex- change, which is breeding. a ve- riety of different types of ster- ling comparable with the former creations of Dr. Schacht, to com- plicate itself still further.

If convertibility cannnt. be fore- seen within the next two years. or~lf official policy recoils from the measures necessary to make such convertibility possible. the strong case for putting off the de- cision about devaluation crumbles. The correct policy is undoubtedly to wait rnd see later whether any devaluation is needed: but the Government should know whet changes they are waiting for and must take every necessary meas- ure to bring those changes about.

Two Anniversaries

iNew York Herald Tribune)

Battered hulks are rusting plac- idly on the beaches of Normandy and children are playing on the sand Where so many died in the great. assault. The passage of five years since the stotm and can- fusion of D-Dsy demonstrates in Normandy today how quickly the wreckage of war can fade into a timeless landscape, how greenery. growing valiantly in the ruins, can soften the harsh lines of destruct- ion, how a shattered ionic, in time. becomes no more menacing than a discarded plow. Even human mem- ories of courage and of loss are blunted, snd great and terrible nsimes -~ Omaha Beach. Caen, SsinteliMere-Eglise, "Easy Red", the Vire, the Ome-hsve tihe sound of muted trumpets now.

But time. unassisted, cannot. of itself repair the waste of war nor can decay give meaning to its sacrifice. It is a provocative coin- cidence that. while today ls the fifth anniversary of D-Day. yells!‘- my mflked the end of the second year einco tho then Secretory of flute, George C.. Marshall, launch-

J. P. lisotlisrsos 8i Sos

It's The I'll Thss Counts

bless’ Custom Built and Stock Olotlillll

Hess-ken unto Mo, ye that know righteousness, the people in wlsoso heart is My law! fear yo not, the reproach of men. neither be yo afraid of their revilings; for Ilse moth shall eat them up like n garment. and the worm shall eat them like wool; but My righteous- ness shall be for ever, and My ul- vatlon from generation to genero- floss.

ed tho plan which bears his name in an address st Harvard Univers- ity. ‘fhe con-junction of dates may seem lronlcal to some-the con- trast between the destructiveness of wer and the mighty mnstructlve effort involved ln the European Recovery Program is ocrtalnly strlklng. But no one sees irony in sewing a wound left iby the sur- geon's scalpel. The tragedy of hum- an society is that. it has so often permitted llls ta flourish until sur- gery become necessary, and has so seldom made the effort required to avert the calamity. As President ‘Truman sold in honoring General Marshall: "It ls' new for nations to work together, as our nations are working together now, in close economic co-operatlon to create s better life for their citizens and to

Finally. it is essential, if mu1ti-__buud a lasting peace‘

It is new, and it is the product of the experience gained, of the op- portunity won. by the sacrifice which D-Day typified. Not alone has the destruction of war de- manded some mighty collaboration such as the E.R.P.; the war-time alliance has shown the way to achieve it and the war-time victory has made it possible in a Europe which, lf noi. wholly free, ls still far- freer than on June 6, 1944. If successful, lt is the Marshall plan which will be the best ‘monument. to the men who died in breaching the walls of fortress Europa. It must succeed-