i'FACEgFOUR” THE GUARDIAN

Authorized In Second Class Mail Post Office Department. Ottawa. The island Guardian Publishing Co.

President end Associnte Editor. inn A. Burnett. Associate Editor. Funk Welter.

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward Island like the dew'

"The strongest memory in weaker than the weakest ink".

Cl:iAlH.0'I'i'l':T0tl'N, TFESDAY. MAY 19, 1953 I What is A Farmer? 7

It is characteristic of the Courts that. they are required to consider and decide” questions which others may shrug aside as interesting but on which "much may be: said on both sides." The Court considers what can be said but must then give a de- cision based on principle.

in 21 recent case before the lt'lagist1'ate at Alberton, for instance, the owner of a. farm was accused of fishing without a ii-l cense and, not unnaturaily, argued that he was not required to liave one, being all farmer. The term farm once applied to land that was leased or farmed as taxes or children would once. he farmed out in ex-! change for a money payment. Thus at farmer-general was an enterprising person, who took mcr the privilege of collecting taxes in a district or country. The ruler: was said to farm out that profitable right.l A farmer. consequently, was what we would call a tenant or lessee, who paid a fixed: sum to the person who farmed out the right of cultivating the land.

Today. however, farms are freehold as well as leasehold and a farmer in most cases pays nobody for the privilege of using the land. The present decision makes it clear. however. that a landowner who farms out his property and works at another oc- cupation is not a farmer. at least within the meaning: of the Game Act. The right to fish trout and salmon without a license is restricted to the actual cultivator of the soil and, of course. rural labourers and commercial fishermen who are specifically mentioned. 9

1

Farm Improvement L32...

A total of .”598,259,151 was borrowed by Canadian farmers during 1952 under the Farm Improvement Loans Act, according to information contained in the annual report tabled in the House of Commons last week by Finance Minister Abbott. This repre- sents the greatest amount borrowed during any twelve month period since the incep- tion of the Act. The increase over the corresponding period of 1951 was nearly thirteen million dollars.

Since the coming into force. of the Act in 1945. farmers have availed themselves of 331,940 loans. The dollar volume of these loans amounts to Sli353.640,00(). At the end of 1952, farmers had repaid 65.3 per cent of this accumulated total. Claims paid to the banks for losses amounted to -iil2.l.')3. an increase of nearly six thousand dollars over 1951. So far no accurate esti- mate of a future loss ratio can be pre- dicted, but at the end of 1952, losses repre- sented only .01 per cent of the amount lent, during seven years' operation. This is an: excellent testimonial to the stability of the' agricultural industry, and to the integrity of our farmers generally.

As in preceding years, by far the great- est amount borrowed was in the Prairie Provinces. roughly 74 per cent of the ninety- eight million obtained last year being in this area. l-Iowever, marked percentage in- creases were recorded in the Maritimes. and when cogni7.ancc is taken of the farming population and the value of the farms, the Increase is significant. Ontario and British Columbia showed a slight. increase, while Quebec farmers borrowed approximately one million dollars more than in 1951.

It was expected that there would be a. decrease in livestock loans, due to the cat- lle embargo and lower beef prices last year: but farmers are apparently confident of a stable future market. loans and the amount borrowed for live- stock increased.

It is worth noting that under the Act, farmers may borrow money for A wide variety of purposes. including the purchase of farm implements, livestock, financing of farm buildings, and the clearing and break- ing of land. The loans are obtained through the chartered banks at 5 per cent simple interest. and re-payments are arranged where possible to suit the paying capacity of the person obtaining the credit.

Sigldficant Appointment

The recognition accorded to Mr. George Drew, Progressive Conservative leader. in appointing him to the membership of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, reflects credit on Ottawa as an acknowledgement of the "character and ability of a loyal Cana- dian. Mr. Drew now joins the distinguish- ed company of Privy Councillors who have

i

y and speak repeatedly of

i Loyal Opposition and the Opposition Leader.

iThe Journal, has been shown recently in

Both the number of,

served, and are serving Canada with dis- tinction and sincerity of purpose.

The Ottawa Journal points out that in lcreating this precedent Prime Minister St. l Laurent has done three things: ta) confirm- ed himself as the possessor of a civilized mind, (b) disengaged himself from partizan propaganda carried on against Mr. Drew, and (c) taught many of his followers and more of so-called publicists and commenta- tors (not to mention news announcers) what the Leader of the Opposition means under our parliamentary system.

Correspondents and ('OllllllOill..ilOl'S write "the Opposition parties” and "the Opposition leaders." Mr. St. Laurent has reminded them that there are no opposition parties and no opposition leaders; that there is just Her Majesty's

Other parties not supporting the Govern- ment are but "splinter" parties; groups. The common misunderstanding about the real position of the Leader of the Opposi- tion under our parliamentary system, says'

news stories telling of the Canadian cabinet ministers and MP's who would attend the Coronation and listing Mr. Drew among a number of ministers and others.

The fact is that the only Canadians go- ing from Ottawa to the Coronation as "offi- cial guests," on the imitation of Her Ma- jesty, are:

The Prime Minister and Mrs. St. Lau-

Tl-IE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN

Wrong Party

rent.

The Deputy Prime Minister (Mr. Howe) and Mrs. Howe,

The Leader of the Opposition and Mrs. Drew.

The Chief Justice of Canada and Mrs.

i l i

i I I

Rinfret. That is the way they do things int Britain; they have a clear understanding

over there as to just where the Leader of the Opposition fits in their protocol of pre-i cedence.

EDITORIAL NOTES

i

Despite the attraction of Coronation year tourists have not lost interest in the Island as a holiday resort. The 30 per cent

llliftle house without a portal!

. ................. . .

By

Soon the colleges and universi- ties will be putting their living products under the label of "graduates" on the industrial and

intellectual markets. Some have already done so. As it is generally used, the

word "graduate" in perhaps a lit- tle unfortunate, inasmuch as it seems to give the impression of final completeness. Used nut of respect for its etymological origin the word has much significance. The student "steps" from one school, that of preparation, into another, that of experience. The period of preparation has not been without stress and strain. and the field of experience will, it is safe to say. provide its proper quota of these disciplinary. even if some- times annoying, forces. . . .

It is interesting to speculate on the kind of prospects that may be in the offing for this years gradu- ates. This, of course, has always been A theme much favoured by speakers at graduation exercises. Even in so-called "normal" times it. has been a subject on which anyone with the gift of prophecy -true or false-could dwell at great length. it is even more the case now when "normalcy" is a forgotten word. One does not

The Passing

Observer

OONCEBNING THIS YEAR'S

have to be a prophet to predict. that our "nut-of-joint” society is likely to eoninuc that way for some lime to come.

What with Communism. Carthyism. and other forms of neo-paganism. it is a. picture of confusion, to say the best of it, that greets young men and wo- men as they step into n world of

ile-

dsnr '

AD CINERARIIIM

Nantes of newspapers in (lan- ads conform to a general class - such as Journal. Free Press, Post, Sun. Globe, Star. Gleaner. Ban- ner. Sentinel, Hcrnld, Tclcgrnm. We have not. been unduly original In nanung our periodicals. Inf marked contrast is a ncwspapcrl received last. week from Bloem- fontein, South Africa. The name, of the paper is "The Friend." - Fort. William Times-Jnurnfll.

who in this small urn IPDOSPS. Celt. or Roman. man or woman. Steel of steel. or rose of roses?

whose the dust set. rustling slightly, In its hiding-place abiding. When this urn is lifted lightly?

gm-9 some mourncr deemed ini- mortal

what thou hoidest. and onfolriest.

An article in the Moscow maga- zine. "Soviet. Art," was indlcativej of the change that has come overt Soviet Russia since Stalin's dcath,'

When the artiflcer had slowly

increase 1" inquiries rppomed by the T1?" Formed thee. turned thee. seaiedfrhe writer came out flatly in fav-it V91 Bureau lOl'0CtlSlS tl bLlSV SCHSOH. - U196. bllrlled 1119”. or of love as 21 theme for i'll()VlCi . ' .l Ffcighlild Willi ill.l' TTCIKMRSC script. writers. "You can't. replace,

1l0lY- the theme of industrial produc-,

tion," sold the article. The writer,

For those to whom the attractions ofisure hey mougm mm-,, ,,,, for.

the countryside proved too great to give up, their holiday to beautify their home sur- roundings there are still a number of days, or at least evenings, left in Charlotte-town's:

Beautification Week. '

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Even the best car at a low price is no; bargain if someone else happens to be thci real owner. Maritimers have been warned: of stolen cars moving here from Ontario! and would be wise to make a point of know-i ing about anyone from whom they propose!

to buy a car.

The R.C.N. frigates Lallulloise and; Swansea sailed yesterday from Halifax to: complete the Canadian Coronation Squad-l ron. Already overseas are H. M. C. S.' Quebec, the cruiser in which Rear-Admiral, Bidwell flies his flag, the Magnificent. On-5 tario. and Sioux. Canada will indeed hcl proudly represented at the Coronation Re-l view.

I

received it

National:

i

President Eisenhower has report from the fifteen-member Manpower Council which be appointed when President of Columbia University. Today, of course, he is far more academically in- terested in the human resources of the Uni-I ted States in the scientific and professionall

fields.

Nancy Witcher, Viscountess Astor, wife of Viscount. Astor of Cliveden. was born this date 1879. Born in Virginia. she was the first woman to sit as a member of the, lllouse of Commons at Westminster, al-l though not first. to be elected. She was; : returned for Plymouth in 1919 and at cveryl lgenerai election until 1945. In 1923 i published "My Two Countries".

l

shci

A car travelling at 20 m.p.h. covers it distance of 29 U3 feet in one second. quite sufficient to result in an accident if the driver's attention is diverted for even half that time because it takes a measurable time to react to an emergency. In driving a car. particularly in traffic. there is no time to pay attention to anything else with

safety.

Liberals and Conservatives are running full slates of 37 candidates in the Nova Scotia general election scheduled for May 26. and the CCF 16, with one Independent. When the last House dissolved there were 27 Liberals. 8 Conservatives and two CCF members. The popu.'-zr vote in the 1949 election showed an increase of more than 50.000 over that of the 1945 contest. Re- distribution effective in 1949 increased the House membership from 30 to 37.

o

iAll the sweetness and completeness ,Of his rising, of her setting”

On thy round side still unbroken;-

Let. them score no eypres verses,

severely criticized films that have the heroine say to the hero: "Iii you fulfill the norm by 100 per, cent, I shall love you." Or: "When you become a Stakhnnovitc. I will become your wife, but if you rioivti become one. look for another." - New York Herald Tirbune. l

An important tipuff to the health of the economy is the vol- ume of Spring nutn sales -- nnrl so far these are doing very wcllf jln fact, new car sales in the De- ltroit area in March rnn an almost! lincrcdible 50 per cent. above, Mnrch 1952 - more than 18.000; scarcely matteislears sold against about 11.500 a. year ago. Sales have been moving

getting

And so bade them pi-ave no token. Generation. age or nation,

Funeral glories. prayers, or stories. Mourners" tears, or mourners curses.

Round thy brown rim time has poi-

ished Left. they dumbly cold and comely As some shrine of gods abolished.

Ah, 'tis well! It What is sleeping in the keeping

Of this house of human tatters, M 3 merry clip PISCWIWTC A5 WP"-.uor Control Board says that 50 which we bundn Even before disclosure of theig , f L 1 fl will ' , '

S1991 of steel. or M56 M T0598. March figures it was b9C0m1nK:li1ali'aerPto Life w(i1ow-edwior 55:3: table -The g”m""" M? "9 mall . . C1, 0,. Roman ' , i ' g H . likely to find the going uncertain 3” (ll il0"""'v 9 - clear that auto business ll1lS,nn(lfoui chrurs. At present, there d mm memo". are me". If but soundly he NPOSOSY booming. Tthe giveaway: doubiciis rn control 111 1'e"ard to over- an F A U i t ' ' ” e who have prepared themselves to

shifts.-Newsweek Magazine.

- Virt-;u' Plfifllf

A new service offered by West- ern Union undertakes tn provide weather forecasts up to six months in advance for monthly fees rang- ing from 320 to 5120. Weston Union is not selling its own opinions, but those of a California organiza- tion which hss been in the pre- diction business for sixteen years. Possible clients include farmers and business men whose profits and losses depend on the weather.

3 :3

Old Charlottetown (And r. n. 1.)

ROGUE FISHING COMPANY

From 3. letter appearing in the Colonial Herald. Dec. 17. l842.l

23”” mybe” Meam5' Cardlgalljlt. mav be that purchasers of We" Wcstc ' U l ' ti - mm mm mm .... .':i:.r.::..;::...;::

has been for many years a strong desire in the neighborhood of, Fleet. street, London. to get. upi :1 Fishing Company. in April. 18.10 ibcing then in Londnnw, an advertisement. appeared in the Public Ledger, stating that two persons were wanted, to take the management of n. ship-building and fishing establishment in

Philadelphia Bulletin.

Imagine selecting. say lcn wom- en in Canada and proclaiming them the best. dressed in the country! How do the Judges know? Have they seen every woman in Canada? Or do they just. single prim-e Edward mgnd, Each per. out women of prominence in the son would be required to my ln.,vorinus provinces. well-dressed to tihe hands of the Company five; women. and let it. Rn nt. thnt? hundred pounds. Application to be They must: there is no other way. made to the North American Shlp- 'But dress, at best, in A matter of building and Fishing Companywllndividunl tastes: and there, nre office, Shoe-Lane, Fleet Street. lplenty of stenagraphers. shop girls

" YOUNG 0113 the Office by llinnd others who certainly do know little bra-3 D35"-9 0" "79 d00l7 Ilh0W to wear clothes. Arrayed even

LNOIES B); The Waxl.

;not. restricted to

loot in. A new ruling of the Liq-

posslbly get their money back. -'

pragmatic business after bcing for same year: in close associa- tion with the world of ideal. Now they will begin to demonstrate whether or not their brief en- counter with fine arts and the like has helped them In make ad- justment with the stern realities they will soon be called upon to face. But. happily, young men and women have never been unduly owed by confusion and stern reali- ties. As the poet. saw it: "In the lexicon of youth there is no such word as 'fail'." And by the time disillusionment: come their way they will be no longer young.

What effect this attitude has had on the fortunes of the world

number. any one of thousands of Canadian girls can make other women look over-dressed by com- parison. For our money. the hall- mark of good dress is simplicity, nnd if the touch of simplicity is lncking. the effect of the whole ensemble is lost. And to single out ten women and proclaim them the Best Dressed of all Canadian females is to do scant justice to the millions the judges have never

seen at all -l-lnlifnx Chroniclc- family cannot be gauged in mathe- ilcrald. matieai fashion but, no doubt, it --- has been considerable. We may

If we think we are smut. it is apt. to take us down a. peg if we examine it bird's nest. Birds use the inatcrinls nvnilable. Depending on the species, they will use mud. twigs. scraps of various materials. and they will construct a com- pact. safe nest. Often they do it under difficult conditions. high up in the wavering branch of a tree. They have no tools to help them. They do it. mainly with their strong little beaks. And it doesn't, take them long, either. They are. on eight-hour day. or by rules which sny they can lay only so many bricks - or IWUIS -- :1 dny. .1f humans were as ingenious as birds, we would soon solve our housing shortage. -Windsor Star.

be thankful that "with youth on the prow. the gilded vessel goes, regardless of the sweeping whirl- wind's sway." it may sometimes be a hit fooihardy. It. is always

magnificent.

The most fortunate graduates. from the standpoint of economic prospects and betterment. are those who have elected to "major", (another interesting w unit in some branch or other of the mechanical arts and sciences. This being the age of mechanical proficiency, the men who can design a bridge. an assembly plant. or ii combustion engine, can just about pick his choice in the industrial mnrl.eI,I He need not. number himself! among the Philistines. either. fnr' R. material task can accomplish much spiritual and cultural bene- fit. While he will have much to do with brick and stone and mor- tar he can also say: "Our today: and yesterdays are the blocks by

Life in Alberta's beer parlors. nftcr May 15, is going to be a. lit- lic more pleasant, for those who

irrowding. We are not inclined to fthink that the demand for beer is ,f.:0lilS: to drop Just. because the seating capacity of the beer par- llors is being reduced. so perhaps lwe are about to enter an inter-

teach. I am not thinking now of the monetary prospects which are never promising. The person with true vocation has never been deterred from realizing his embi-

ion

.. . MAY 19. 1953

Scene

GRADUATES

tion by the thought of in; remuneration. e

dequne

s o

It is in the sphere nr 1d,.M. ,, teachers. especially those on ilk” h1zher'lcvels. are likely in mid most of their difficulty, and , these topsy-turvy times no 0": seems quite clear as to M”. 1,1; teacher should he expected In ii..- or even to think. in lllis 1,-.H.d' Ideas nrc tricky thing.-, ,-.,m ,3,” is almost no way at an .,, C115,”: , them. What is more. th.-i5,;m', ideas may be interpreted in 1"; number of ways. Take the rlcim: cratic idea. for one iiisl.-um, 9l”Yb0d)' knows in geneizxl '.yh,,v:,' is but hardly two people ,,,,,,:'n explain it. in exactly the same terms.

Both Mr. Altiee of Grral Britain

and Senator McCarthy of flu United States are 7ldl'm3ules M democracy. But it would "p. stretching one'n imii;:inalion ion

for to think of their liming uh. some idea in mind when on. speaks at Whitehall and lhh ,,,h.,. at. Mount Vernon.

Or. take liberalism tnnl M a political label but as n pluinsophi. There are scores of Y.'llf"lilDnl-of. liberalism. some of which ban been incorporated into pomml strategy and tactics and some have not. By iibcrnl standards of pm a century ago. the most rJllu'Il4- live government of which ll'P)Ny1s HTLV knowlcdze today is rxtvrm.-1.. rsdical in social PXDCrlnlFn'M,5n and planning.

o .

There are many mrialions Man of the educational idea ilrrlf, New teachers nrc sometimes :un.rml to find that chairmen of slhnni boards hold A concept nf edum

tion and educational goals (3, different from that which they themselves have been eneouraggrl

to faster. it is not. unknown in! a minister of criueaiinn in differ in this respect from his own rm) uty. Parent-teacher association: and other organizations Wllifh sometimes quite helpful. Dtlllblu less there are occasions, ton, wltPrl have nrisen in recent )F.llS .-up. alert teachers devoutly wish lluu. the organization: had never been born. The day in gone when teachers were regarded as being "in charge" of schools or iiepiro ments. They have very little re- sponsibility in that sense now. indeed. present day leathers often wonder if they are in ch-irge at the pupils or the pupils of them.

So, all things considered. idea and principles and the many vari- ations thereof. the best that ran he said for new teachers i: that they are in for more slirpmas and confusion: than properly beien: to their lot.