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ITATGE-4

The Premier & Dr. Taylor

During the legislative debate on the special federal grants to the At- lantic Provinces Premier Matheson reportedly charged that Dr. Kenneth Taylor, Deputy Finance Minister, had said that this Province should receive not more than $1,700,000 and that “this is more than they deserve”. This sounded incredible. It is not the function of Deputy Ministers to for- mulate policy or, to question cabinet decisions but merely to carry out policies which are decided upon by the cabinet.

We commented very. strongly upon the Premier’s charge at the time, and publication of the statement elicited an equally strong denial from Dr. Taylor, who said he had not used the words quoted, “even in jest." When we called this denial’ to Pre- mier Matheson’s attention, he said there must have been some error, that the person he had in mind was another federal official, Mr. Burns; that he had referred to both Dr. Tay- lor and Mr. Burns in his legislative

TUESDAY, APRIL 22. 'isi5"s

4

speech and it was possible the names

had been confused. Two experienced reporters cover-

ed the Premier’s remarks in the Leg- '

islature, and both reported him as referring, in this case, to Dr. Taylor. Regardless of whether it was the Premier or the reporters who were at fault, however, surely it was the Premier’s duty to have corrected his reported statement immediately, and not left the wrong official under the onus of so serious an accusation.

In a Canadian Press statement which we publish today, Premier Matheson is quoted as saying that he was misquoted in his speech and that he didn’t bother to correct the misquotation because “I wouldn’t have time for anything else if I cor- rected all the errors the press makes.” All we have to say on this score is, that he conceded to the Guardian re- porter that he may himself have been in error, as indeed we believe he was. In any case, upon receipt of Dr. Taylor’s denial we sought an ex- planation from the Premier and pub- lished his corrected version on April 19. He did not suggest making the correction, but we insisted that one would be necessarylin justice to Dr. Taylor. We regret having been mis- led into denouncing that gentleman on the basis of the earlier report, and cheerfully withdraw our statement that he should, as a result,'be “fired immediately.”

As for Mr. Burns, if he is indeed; the guilty’ party, we hope the Pre- mier will be able to convince the Fed- eral Minister of this fact. Our repre- sentatives at the Halifax conference were Mr. Massey and Mr. MacLeod. It should be a simple matter to» ob- tain a’.'""lavits from them as to ex- actly v.‘i't took place. This should have been done in the first place,,so that there would be no possibility of misunderstanding. The fact that it was a “private” meeting at which

the alleged words were uttered is of

no consequence. Any meeting at which the sum of $25 million is dis- bursed must be regarded as being of public concern.

A Costly Mistake

In a letter in today’s issue, Mr. Wendell Mutch, chairman of APEC tourist committee, urges that there be unanimity in pressing for a cause- way across Northumberland Strait. With this statement. ‘of course—- since we have been urging it from

the start-—we fully agree. We do not »

think, however, that he can be ser- ious in asking whether The Guardian

15 Suggesting that we compromise gmibe “’1“iYlg to accept another car P3113’ as a substitute for a causeway.”

vrom the time the causeway piipject “as miwted by Mr. Neil Matheson in the House of Commons and by Pm- mier Matheson in the Legislature, “_’e ha“ been giving it o\ur unquali- fied support. We have sought to meet the arguments of those who were sceptical, and to impress upon all

concerned the tremendous p0ssibil- '

ities of the scheme. From that time to the present, however, we have warned that the request for a cause- way survey should not be used an excuse for further delay in providing

l more adequate car ferry facilities. i

I For the room.-rl, we'quote from M11’ coniniciil.-: on .laiiiiai'y 2-3, 1956. im- mediately after Mr. i\Iatlieson's speech in Parliaineiit:

“ ‘he project, of course, would iiccessarily be a long-term one and we must not forget. in any event, our immediate transportation require- ments. The new ferry for the Wood Islan”ds-Caribou route will provide some relief at those terminals, but

ing the summer months.”

Again, on February 9, 1956, after commending the Charlottetown Board of Trade for its resolution requesting “an immediate, full-scale investiga- tion” of the causeway possibilities, we said: “In the meantime let’s not forget urgent problems as well as long range plans and that coincident with the survey advocated by the Charlottetown Board of Trade we should be pressing for more adequ- ate car ferry accommodation, not only at Wood Islands where the new ferry under construction will afford some relief, but at Borden as well.”

That was more than two years ago. The full causeway survey is only‘ now getting under way and we have lost precious time in obtaining relief on the Borden-Tormentine route. Mr. Mutch says we have a lot of data compiled from the preliminary sur- vey; but where is it? We haven’t been able to get any official report from the responsible minister at Ot- tawa, though several questions were put on the order paper at the last session. We trust that there will be no further delay, but -we would be

‘naive indeed if we imagined that by

lowed since'January, 1956+of soft- pe'daling our urgent ferry require- ments—we would be furthering the causeway scheme; in any shape or form. It is not an expensive boat like the “Abegweit" that we require in the meantime, but one sufficient for our needs until the causeway mater- ializes. Such a boat would not take three or four years to build, or cost twelve or fifteen million dollars as our correspondent suggests. The sad fact is that it would be on the route. today if we hadn’t followed the “prudent” policy advocated by Mr. Mutch, and our causeway chances

» would be just as -far advanced—-per-

. haps more so.

Tariff Proposals ,‘ Textile interests in the industrial provinces are seeking special tariffs against Japanese fabrics and made- up goods, against which they allege

thehome industry cannot compete on present terms. )It is to be hoped the Government will take a good hard look at this application before granting it. ,

Since the signing of the 1954 trade agreement between the two countries, Japan’s purchases from Canada have risen spectacularly, and are today making a significant contribution to this country’s econo- mic well-being. Japan claims that it has adhered strictly to the provisions of the 1954 agreement, under which it granted special trade concessions on vital Canadian exports, includ- ing wheat, barley, wood pulp, flax Seefii COPPGI‘, lead, zinc, synthetic resins, and milk powder. Last year she bought more than $139 million worth of Canadian products while selling us just over $61 million worth. This imbalance of trade is already at major problem, and tariff discrim- ination by Cariala would seriously aggravate the situation.

EDITORIAL NOTES‘ '

-American Income Tax payers have more privile-ges than ‘Can- adians, even though their personal exemptions are set at a lower figure. The latest deduction tO\ be allowed is for “the cost of courses taken voluntarily to improve their skill, in their work”. The ruling is made retroactive to 1954.

I I I

The Newfoundland Government has sold its interest in the Newfound- land and Labrador Corporation (NALCO), at a reported profit of :51 million, to Canadian Javelin Ltd. NALCO has timber «covering more than 24,000 square miles in Newfoundland and Lab- rador.

O O Q

The Newfoiiiidlaiid Minister of

Fisheries says that fish going from

are in a “disgraceful” condition. This is something which will have to be remedied before it will be of any use to talk about increased trade with the West Indies Ferleiration. Whether it be fish or potatoes or anv other product, it has to be of good Lqualitv , if it is to build up deniaiid. The time I gone when the (fai'ibbcaii area would put up with almost anything.

we need more facilities at Borden dur- ‘

continuing the course we have fol-V

concessions

that Province to the Caribbean area '

HARBOUR SCENE, SOURIS _

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus-

sion by wuespondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses-

sarily endorse the opinion of corres- . pondents.

TRANSPORTATION NEEDS

Sir,—Your editorial in The Guardian, April 18th, edition, under the heading “Extra Boat Neede ”, states, “We welcome the support given/by A.P.E.C. for’ a causeway across Northum- berland Str-ait, but disagree with the remarks of Wendell Mutch, the Chairman of the Tourist Com- mittee, that advocacy of another boat at this time would lessen the chances of getting the cause- way.” The article further states; "The Federal Government is committed to the causeway scheme provided the extensive survey now being launched proves it to be feasible. But it is of necessity a long range pro- ject and there is no reason why we should be penalized by in- adequate facilities in the mean- time.” .

All our citizens will agree, I believe, that both the farmers and the tourist industry need greater facilities for crossing the strait, and this Province should not be penalized for lack of an- other boat, providing we can ac- quire one immediately, suitable for our need-s, on a ‘temporary basis until such time as a cause- way if "found feasible can be

‘built. But, if the writer is sug-

gesting that we compromise and be willing to accept another car ferry as a substitute for a cause- way, then I strongly disagree. Speaking from a tourist angle, 1 know that all members of the P. E. 1. Tourist Association agree that, given a causeway, the tour- ist business currently estimated at sevenvmillion dollars annual- ly, could be doubled or trebled in a very short period of time. The potential is terrific and the business is only limited now by the facilities for crossing the

.strait. Boats will never be the

real answer, as the business is expanding faster than we can ever expect to get boats.

Your editorial admits that the Federal Government is commit- ted to build a causeway provided it is feasible. First, let us estab- lish that fact one way or the other. The survey shouldn't take too long. If it is feasible, let us all stand together and fight for it. There are valid reasons for be- lieving that it would take nearly as long to draw plans, have them approved, and construct a mod- ern ferry, as it would to build a causeway. Perhaps, Sir, you can tell us why you believe a survey should take such a long time, when we have a lot of data com"- piled from a previous survey, and how you propose to get ade- quate facilities immediately, when it would take years to con- struct a suitable ferry, and how you propose to dispose of that ferry to advantage, if and when we should get a causeway a few years later? Or, are you imply- ing that we are not going to get a causeway and that we should be willing to settle for something less? From any information I can obtain, it would probably take three to four years before a boat would be in operation, and five to six years to construct a causeway. It is the chance of a lifetime, and if we do not get it approved soon, it could in reality become a political foot- ball. especially if we are divid- ed on the issue, and it could be shelved for another twenty-five or fifty years. If the reports from the survey are’ not favor- able. then, and only then, should we advocate a new ferry on any- thing except a temporary basis.

I do not belie'e we can pro- mote a new car ferry. probably costing twelve to fifteen million dollars, and a causeway at the same time, and expect to get them both. It would be a change if Federal mo n ey were that plentiful. especially for P. E. I. I believe we have to make up our minds llll'c1l1lrnOll.sl_\f. as a Pro- vince, which one will benefit P.

A Tragic

Globe and Mail, Toronto

Last week's general election gave the voters of South Africa

—- one cannot say its people, since

only the white minority has the franchisb — an opportunity to pass judgment on the policy of

“Apartheid” or systematic nac- ial segregation with which their country is identified in the eyes of the world. This policy has been in course of development for al- most a decade, since the Nation- alist Party was first elected to office in 1948‘. Its character and effects are now fully apparent, and it has been long and fiercely debated. The electors were thus in a position to pass a definite verdict on the experiment, and have done so with a vengeance.

The Nationalists have been giv- en not merely another five years in office but a. resounding vote of confidence. The chief Opposition group, the United Party —- once led by Field Marshal, Jan Chris- tian Smuts -- has-“been roughly handled, losing a number of seats it previously h e 1 (1; its present leader, Sir de Villiers Graaff, was among the casulaties. The Unit- ed Party accepts the Principle of white supremacy, but promis- ed a more moderate attitude to- ward the non-white majority). Two smaller parties which take a more liberal view of the racial problem were wiped out. The Na- tionalist Goverflnent of Prime Minister Johannes Strydom has been given a clear mandate to continue and intensify its pro-

gram. REGRET AND FOREBODING This is a development which must inspire regret and forebod- ing. Apartheid is one of the most explosive ideas of our time. It goes far beyond mere segrega- tion. It aims at keeping South Africa’s non- European peoples - Negroes, Asians and half- castes — in a state of permanent subjec- tion ‘by restricting their educa-

The Mitiellancl Conoil A

National Geographic Society

The closing of the main canal route into West Berlin again re- minds the world that this Com- m»uni-st- surrounded sector of the fonmer German capital is out on a 100-mile lirmib.

The Mittella-nd Canal block is temrporary, a.ccordi.n.g to East German authorities. It results from repairs being made at the Rotihenisee locks, near Ma—gde- burg, 60 miles west of Berlin. Such traflf-ic interruptions have oc- curred from time to time in re- cent years.

The action however, recallrs the dramatic Anglo-American ai»r=1.if-t which brought suppliers into West Berlin in 1948-49 when all other communclations were cut off. It also poinititis up the imporrtan-ce of water transport in the life and economy of both East and West Germany.

LINKS RHINE WITH ODER

'I‘ihe Mittellaind (Midland) Can- al is the central stretch of a na- tion-wide network of waterways that reaches from the Rhine in the west to the Oder in the east, says the National Geographic So- ciety.

Completed in 1938, it joins three major rivers—-the Ems, Weser,

E. I. the most now, and in the years to come, and then stand 100 per cent behind that decision. The Good Book says “A house divided against itself shall fall." We have been divided on a great many important issues far too often. To quote your editorial again. “Let’s press the claims of the Province for facilities we should be obtaining as a matter of right.” I submit, Sir, that the causeway is the most important claim of our generation!

I am. Sir, etc-.,

J. WENDELL MUTCH

President. P.E.I. Tourist Association.

Triumph ,

tional opportunities, confining them to poorly-paid, unskilled oc- cupations, keeping them under harsh police control, and deny- ing them any political rights. Its particular target is the non-white 1 man or woman who through su- perior intelligence or schooling has managed to better himself and to acquire some of the skills of Western civilization; he must be pushed back to the level of the primitive tribesmen. ‘

In a word, Apartheid is an ef- fort to close the doors to social and economic advancement a- gainst some 9,000,000 people. And to the men and women thus shut out, the election result must seem like the locking, as well as the closing, of those doors. DANGEROUS BUSINESS

Thus to deprive a people of hop for the future, is a dangerous bus- iness. The Africans, once submis- sive, have been growing increas- iugly restive in recent years. The are beginning to organize and to co-operate with the more politi- cally active Asians. With the ex- tremists of the white race secure- ly in power, it is likely that lead- ership of this emerging movement will likewise pass to Negro extre- mists. “If we cannot vote on the ballot paper we shall find another way to vote,” warned a recent manifesto of the African Nation- al Congress. South Africa is on a road which may end in the horror of racial war.

This is more than the tragedy ‘ of one nation. The apartheid mo ment has developed at a peculiar- 1y critical moment in history — when the Asian nations have e- merged from European control, and the African peoples are mov- ing toward the same goal. To As- ians and Africans alike, the hap- penings in South Africa are a challenge and a provocation. They are poisoning relations between white and colored peoples every- where.

and Elibe —— as they flow north- westward in roughly parallel lines toward the North Sea.

Thus the Mittel-land route is not only a cross-country life-line, but a means of uniting landlock- ed centers of distribution with seaport outlets. Because of it, and auxiliary canals leading east ward-to the Oder, Berlin has be- come a leading inland port.

Germany’s ambitious waterway program was long drlscussed by rival interests before it got its stat in the late 19th century.

The Dotrtm-.und-Ems Canal, ex- tending from the heavy-industry Ruhr District to the Ems River below ll/Iunster, was built during the 1890's. Another western link, the Rhine-Herne Carnal, was open- ed in 1914.

During the first World War, the Mittelland was pushed eastward from the Ems beyond the Weser, bringing business prosperity to cities and towns along its way, especially Osnabru-ck, M-inden, and Hannover.

The final section of the central system was ‘completed on the eve of World War , permitting 1,000- ton barges to reach Magdeburg on the Elbe. Near that point, the Canal was carried across the ri- ver to join the El-be-Havel Canal -for the rest of the journey to Ber- l.in.

PROBLEMS SOLVED

Differences in terrain and riv- er levels raised problems that construction architects and engi- ners solved in various ways.

Long water bridges, or aque- ducts, were built across the Elbe and Weser, producing the curious spectacle of canal vessels sailing high above river shipping. Swung over dry gorges and hollows, some canal bridges look down on rail and liigli-way traffic.

Locks, water storage dams,

I bers“ or “Cowboys and Indians",

Child's Play Worth Watching

By Herman N. Bundesen. M.D. THAT game of “Cops and Rob-§

your youngster i..joys playing may mean a lot more to him than merely a way of enjoying himself and expending some of that boundless energy of child- hood.

I It might have deep psycliolo-’ gical significance int his develop- ment as a normal, happily-adjus- ted person.

MOST HAVE FEARS

Almost all children have fears of one kind or another. Fear of darkness, of being hurt, of new situations, of strangers, even fear of being separated from their parents, are fairly common a- mong children.

We doctors know that very of- ten youngsters resort to games to play out their usual fears. In acting them out during a game, children may begin to feel more secure, more adequate. They learn to subdue the forces which “tihrearten” theim. THERAPEUTIC WAY

Play, therefore, actually is a therapeutic way of fighting child- hood fears.

Watch your youngster at play with other children and alone. It is a valuable means of expres- sion for him and you may learn a great deal about his emotions.‘ Very often pare-nts unintention- ally instill their own fears in their young children. If a mo“i~er is ‘frighten-ed by thunder and light- ening, for example, her chill- dren may be afraid of them, too. Sometimes these fears appear in disguised forms.

A child may be too obedient or too clea-n—it's possible—not be- cause he wants to behave in a mature manner, but because he fears his parents will reject him if he doesn’t.