,9

I

out miiurdiun

Lnvurr Prlnco Edward Island Llh tho Dew Publisnvr‘ every ween-aa) morning at I65 Prince Street Chriru-ltotown. P.[<.'.l.. by the Thomson Cmnpany Ud-

La.» A Burnett. Publisvici anr‘ General Manager hunk Walker, Frliior Kembev (Ianaman llaily ’NPWSD3D¢l Publishers Association Member on l‘ne (‘anadlan Press Mnmber Adun Bureau in Circlllalmns 3.'l\ch ofm-es at summersiue Montague and Aibei-ton m’:-I-semi:-ed Nationally nv I‘Immsr.n Newspaper: Advertising Service 40 Kim! Street west foromo. (int. 640 Cathcart SL. Montreal 1030 West Georgia St., Vancouver By Carrier Charlottetown, Summerside 3cc per week. By Mail ersewhere in P.E.I. $9.09 per annum. Other Provinces and United States $12.03 per annum.

"The strongest memory ts weaker than the weakest ink."

FA7;T«:'T__ 'ri'i?ns’i)_A'17.7.fizif‘2TT55's

Sane Nuclear Policy

We feel that Prime Minister Dief- enbaker will have the backing of most Canadians in his plea to the United States and Great Britain to take a stand in the immediate future in favour of halting nuclear weapons tests. Indeed, the Prime Minister may succeed in getting the Soviet and Western leaders to agree on a sane nuclear policy based on international inspection and safeguard. Certainly, someone will have to do this if the terrible threat that hangs over man- kind is to be removed. As long as the matter is left to the discretion of Un- ited States Secretary of State Dulles nothing much can be expected.

Mr. Diefenbaker is no more sus- ceptible to Soviet propaganda than is Mr. Dulles or President Eisenhower. But, as he told the annual meeting of the Canadian Press, it is no answer to Soviet suggestions to label every- thing that is advanced by them as propaganda. And that is what Mr. Dulles seems intent on doing.

The Prime'Minister’s stand, if we, understand his statement correctly, is that the way to find out whether the Soviet proposal is or is not gen- uine is to test it and not merely to brush it aside as propaganda. There is good reason to believe that Prime Minister Macmillan of Great Britain would join Mr. Diefenbaker in-to quote the latter’s words—“taking any stlep short of appeasement” that would reduce world tension, provided the Russians showed in the current diplomatic talks a genuine desire to achieve results. Mr. Macmillan has never been as obdurate as Mr. Dulles on this issue. And it ‘appears that British scientists in general are more alarmed about the dangers of radia- tion from continued nuclear tests than are the scientific advisers to the United States’ administration.

Part-Time ‘Farming,

An agricultural economist at‘the University of Wisconsin, who con- ducted research in the question for some time, has reported that part- time farming may have its value.

Following arethe main arguments for the finding: Gains can be made by farmers who take on temporary work in industry, to supplement regular farm income. Employment on other jobs increases income to build up a better farm for future full- time farming. (This \is qualified by the temptation to use the extra money for other purposes.) Part- time farming offered a “stepping- stone” to eventual full-time employ- ment in industry. It gives the farm family security while it is making the transition, in that the’ family can still switch back to farming if it does not like the other kind of work. Off-farm employment could be a permanent source of income to those who wanted to stay on the farm but wanted to farm on a small scale.

There is nothing new in any of these arguments. One does not have to be an agricultural economist to understand their import. We doubt, however, that they will have much influence on the thinking of farmers in general. To the dedicated farmer (and no other kind should be in the business at all) farming is a way of life as well as a pleasant means of making a livelihood. And he knows that to be successful farming must be a full-time occupation. His heart :3 ntotd in other work.‘ He is not con- oitre h:W1-:3’ from his land. More- . eyseévhereirsiiows that money earned the productiflégned at the expense_ of

must be when Cy) of his land ‘which be kept fiom detgls ant ‘care if it is to ioiating.

f One is of the opinion th 0_ encouraging far time at their voc

at, instead mers to work part-

at‘ - at industrial jobs in ifigspiigg-Sine ing

their energy and their skill—th

cconomists would be better occupies in suggesting ways and means for 311 farmers to make an adequate living at the work they like best. Surely this ought not to be impossible if the: importance of agriculture to the wel. fare of mankind were given the at- tention it deserves. As a matter of fact, many farmers —perhaps the

great majority of them—are doing 1

J

.__.._,___

well financially for themselves and their families. Others, those who have a real regard for the work, that is— would be in a position to do the same if they were given a little more guidance and, above all, easier access to credit.

Ocean Depths

Although the floor of the sea

covers about 70 per cent of the globe, very little is known about what goes on there. For billions of years—so scientists say——powdered rock, silt,

‘plants, shells, bones and mateorites have been failing into the oceans. Yet, the science of Marine Geology is so new that until 1948 there was no English-language textbook on the subject. Now there are several. The National Geographic Society says that drilling now under way may eventually help to answer the ques- tion, “How old is the earth?”

Most of us are apt to think of the ocean‘ floor as flat. This, says the National Geographic, is a mistake. There are, in fact, enormous moun- tain ranges such as the Mid-Atlantic ridge and chasms as big as the Grand Canyon.‘ A deep-sea expedition in 1948 reported that its fathomet- ers had revealed only a few con- secutive miles of plain. Close to land, the sea is relatively shallow. The shelf here is known as the Continen- tal Shelf. It drops off into a steep slope. These slopes range in height to about 30,000 feet. On the shelf in the Gulf of Mexizo oil drilling operations are now in progress.

It is the depths which are of the main interest to scientists. Man has climbed the highest mountain, but he has not nearly reached the lowest depth. Cameras are now probing into the secrets. In 1956 the Calypso Ex- pedition, sponsored by the National Geographic and the Paris Museum of Natural History managed totake photographs at a depth of 25,000 feet in the Romanche Trench. believed to be the deepest place in the Atlantic. The deepest place on the globe is be- lieved to be the 35,640-foot Challen- ger Depth in the Mariana Trench of the Pacific. ‘

~ EDITORIAL NOTES

Motorists in various partsiof Can- ada are said to be complaining about bicycle riders who, it is alleged, im- pede traffic. They should remember, however, that the riders have equal rights on the highways. What is more, they were on the roads long

‘ before the first motorists arrived.

it . i it . .

Three American boys, convicted

of throwing junk across railway

tracks, were whipped by their par-

ents, by order of the court. The pun-

ishment will probably be more effec-

tive than a. $5 fine or placing on pro-

bation would have

have a salutary effgct on some older delinquents, too.

i Q o

Officials of the Federal Finance Department are said to be wonder- ing what Tplace Premier Matheson. had in mind when -heosuggested that the Prime Minister should “tell these fellows where they should go”. It was, come to think of it, a rather vagu_e way of speaking. ,There is noth- ’ ing like being perfectly frank when offering advice.

-t t O

The meeting of potato. growers ‘

went off without a hitch, as was ex- pected. It now remains for the grow- ers to agree on future steps to im- prove the economic status of the in- dustry. They certainly can’t say that the Department of Agriculture tried to dominate procedings or that any undue influence was attempted by Federation officials.

I I‘ Q

The newly elected Mayor of New Delhi, India, is a woman and a for- mer Communist who now calls her- self an “independent”. However, the fact that Communists supported her shows that she is still sympathetic to Communist Party aims. And the

fact that she was supported also by

the Congress Party of Prime Minis- ter Nehru shows that Communists are edging their way into places of

influence in India.

\ Q C ‘D

It is significant, says a Toronto exchange, that whereas the Provin- cial Government carries on without tax increases and the Dominion Gov- ffmflfint manages to reduce income taxes, the taxes of municipal govern- ments increase from year to year.

The SeT1101‘ governments have sever-

1 al flexible revenue sources which in-

crease. with productivity and con- sumption. On the other hand real _ 7 estate iemains a comparatively rigid base as a source of revenue. As long as it continues. to be the main souice of municipal income, rates W111 continue to go up.

'9

3

been. It might ;

SING SHORELINE NEAR VICTORIA

The Liberal Government’s in- tention to set up the Gordon Com- mission on Canada’s Economic Prospects was announced in Mr. Walter Harris’s f i r s t Budget speech in April 1955. Its avowed purpose was to take stock of Can- ada’s economic prospects. That was perfectly genuine. But it‘ soon became an open “secret" in Ort- tawa that the sponsors of the idea had another purpose too.

They were conscious that after twenty years as it then was, in office, the Liberal party was get- ting a bit stale. It needed an in- jection of new ideas, perhaps the shuffling off of some ideas that had become out-dated.

There was nothing illegitimate, in itself, about this second pur- pose. Indeed, it surely should be counted for virtue in political leaders that, in seeking new ideas as politicians should, they were prepared to see what the thought- ful procedures of a Royal Com- mission had to offer.

Unfortunately, however they did not quite understand what they were doing. As happens so often in politics, they got a per- fectly good and legitimate idea but they got it a bit late. They misunderstood the timing of a ‘Royal Commission investigation. DUAL RURPOSE

That was why the dual purpose

I

-of the Commission became ap-

parent at a very early date. The

‘ chairman made plain his inten- tion to have the Commissioifs work done, its recommendations made, before the end of 1956. The Commission's public hearings a- cross the country, and the re- search work by its staff of econo- .mists were to be organized .~on that basis.’

This was the timing required ‘to serve the poli»t.ical‘purpose of providing ideas for the Liberal party. The next election was ex- pected in the spring of 1957.

But it was nonsensical timing in relation to the elaborate re- search work needed to produce a great state paper, in exhaustive and thoughtful study of our econ- omy and its prospects. There was bittet criticism from provin- cial governments and other inter- ested organizations, who wore gi- ven only two or three months (and summer months, at that) in which to prepare their submis- sions for the Commission’s public

The Gordon Report

(Tom Kent in the Winnipeg Free Press)

hearings in the fall of 1955. SHORT TIME ,

e shortness of ‘the time al- lowed made people outside Otta- wa think that the Commission was really interested only in its own research and was treating the outside submissions as an un- avoidable formality. That impres- .sion was not altogether fair. The Commission wanted outsldebriefs quickly, but it proposed to get its own research done hardly less quickly.

If the Commissioners were to brood well, and carefully, with open minds, over all the material assembled for them, and then write a thoughtful and extensive report for publication before the end of 1956, their research work- ers’ ‘material had to be avail- able to them quite early in 1956 -- although the research staff was not organized until the sum- mer of 1955.

This was an impossible require- ment. It rigihtly led to criticism of “hasty and forced research".

T00 COMPLEX

As was said in this P8961‘ in November 1955. "The C3n3d' ian economy is 3. bit I100 Cf_m_1D1.ex to be fixed up by the efficiency expert’s rush tactics. If the even- tual findings of the Royal Com- mission are to command the re- spect appropriate to them, it_ will have to work with proper leisure for mature thinking and there will have to be no breath of a suspicion that its findings are.be- ing got out at a convenient time before the next (is. the 1957) fe- deral general election.”

What actually emerged from this conflict of purposes was, in- evitably, a compromise that suit- ed neither purpose. The research work was not completed early in 1956. Some of it, indeed, was not completed until late in 1957. But in order to fulfil its political pur- pose, the Commission in the fall of 1956 wrote‘ out — while re- search work was still going on — its main conclusions and recom- mendations.

This was the preliminary re- port published in January 1957, in time to have influenced (though it did not) the then Gov- eriiment’s policy before it faced the country at the 1957 general election. That, and not the final report just published, was the pol- itical fruit of the Royal Commis- sion.

Asio’s

Rising in the snow-locked Tang- lha Range of China’s Tsinghai Province, one of the world’s mightiest and most mysterious ri- vers flows 2,600 miles to the -South China Sea.

As yet untamed, the Mekong may eventually be harnessed as a major source of power for Southeast Asia. A single series of cascades and falls, eight miles wide, discharges a volume of wa- ter roughly twice that of Niagara. At present a United Nations mis- sion is making an air-land survey to devise plans for the lower riv- er’s development.

The Mekong come s from a breeding ground of great rivers, the National Geographic Society says. Jagged gorges guard its passage from the Tibetan high- lands through southwest China. Thererthe Mekong, the Salween, and the Yangtze race southword in huge parellel canyons only a few dozen miles apart before fanning out toward distant seas. ROAD CROSSES RIVER

The famed Burma Road, fam- iliar to American GI‘s in World Warll, meanders alongside the Mekong before crossing on a sus- pension bridge.

Descending to lower levels, the river forms Laos's border with Burma and part of Thailand, then snakes through Cambodia. and South Vietnam. All told, it drains an area of 350,000 square miles and brings water to some 17 million people of its lower has- in.

But the Mekong is not a friendly river. 'I‘ii‘avelcrs find that it has a sinister, overwlielming force. Its sheer size, its dangerous rap- ids and shoals seem to shrink the environs into insignificancc. The river has never been an outstan- dint: commcrical higliwav.

An air of mystery also hangs over the Mekong. It begins high in snowy regions linked to the legend of the Abominable Snow-

Mysterious Mekong

National Geographic Society

man. Overlooking the river In gloomy mountain wastes are rocks engraved with the prayer formula, “Om Mani Padme Hum’ (0 thou jewel in the lotus, a- men).? A colossal glacier grinds down to the Mekong from mas- sive Kaakerpu.

In the wild country of Laos tribesmen, the river comes into _a Stygian place where volcanic vents steam above the swirling current.

Inexplicably, the staple food of tribesmen on the upper Mekong is maize. As they have no written records, it is not known whether corn was brought from America or whether a species developed there on its own.

Now the Mekong widens and bears teak logs downstream. It rushes past sand bars contain- ing gold dust. and gravel beds yielding sapphires.

TWO CAPITALS

The Mekong touches two capi- tals — Vientiane, Laos, and Cam- bodia’s easy-going trade hub, Phnom Penh. Cambodia’s great Lake, Tonle Sap, a natural res- ervofar of a major tributary, at flood time rivals Lake Ontario. In the dry season rice is grown on exposed stretches of the fer- tile lake bed.

The lake region holds another Mekong mystery. Jungle enfolds the crumbling ruins of Angkor, the grandiose capital of the van- ished Khmeir Empire. The Khmcrs ruled much of Southeast Asia from the 9th to the 15th cen- turies before fading quietly into history.

Tropical lowlands finally sub- due the Mekong. Green fields and bamboo thickets press upon its shores. Cliannels are as serene as lagoons. People live on thatch- ed sampans. Bamboo floats are fastened to childi‘en‘s waists to keep them from drowiiing if they

fall in, and tctliered ducks swim

PUBLIC‘ FORUM

This column is open to the discus-

sion by coi-respondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not iieses-

sarlly endorse the opinion of corres- pondents.

DEEP SYMPATHY

Sir,—At a meeting of the Executive of the L.P.U. held on Wednesday, April 23rd, 1953, the officers expressed words of deep sympathy for the loss of their esteemed friend the Hon. George D. DeBlois. The following re- solution of sympathy was unani- mously adopted. “Whereas Almighty God has called to His eternal home our dear friend, George D. DeBlois, and whereas he has been a con- stant and loyal friend to our Bro- therhood, always ready and wil- ling to advise and support our cause. Therefore be it resolved that with solemn conviction we express our great loss at the passing of so worthy a friend. Therefore resolved hat a copy of these resolutions e forwarded to his family, as_ we join in sym- pathy with his relatives. May Almighty God comfort and con- sole his family in this their sad time of affliction.” I am, "Sir, etc., LEMUEL T. RUSH President L.P.U. No. 9568.

WARM TRIBUTE

Sir,--In the passing of the Hon. Geo. D. DeBlois, the city and province has I-OSIIZ a gentle- man of the old school who con- sistently contributed to the wel- fare of the community in his philanthropy and sound advice in promoting worthy movements.

His attitude down through the years towards the Y.M.C.A. is a striking example of this, partic- ularly in 1944 when his generous gift of ten thousand dollars laid the foundations upon which the fund raising campaign for the new Y.M.C.A. building was erect- ed. His gesture of goodwill and faith in the Y.M.C.A. at that time made the campaign possible and spurred the chairman, Mr. Duncan Bonnell to a high achieve- ment.

Mr. DeBlois continued his keen interest in the youth of the pro- vince as he was consulted during the planning stage of the new building, and indeed it never lapsed. In subsequent campaigns, many suggestion of Mr. DeBlois were heard with respect and im- plemented because of their con- structive nature, based on sound reasoning and foresight.

For theipast fifteen years the Y.M.C.A. has been honoured in having the Hon. Geo. D. DeBlois as Honorary President following years of outstanding service as a member of the Board of Directors of this organization which through the years, had been clear to his heart.

This tribute is respectfully paid by one, who as vice-chairman of the new building campaign fund was in close contact with all con- cerned and in a position to bear witness to the outstanding con- tribution made by the late Mr. DeBlois to this valuable commun- ity project, the Charlottetown Y.M.C.A.

I am, Sir, etc.,

' T. ROY CUDMORE Past President Y.M.C.A. Char-

lottetown.

about the boats.

The Mekong spirits into three great arms in South Viet Nam to form its delta, one of the world's greatest rice - producing areas. Its long journey from the Tibet- an highlands to the sea ends south of Saigon.

The Age Old Story

Be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the re- newing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.

SIRENS WAIL BUFFALO, N.Y. (AP) — A rainstorm accompanied by light- ning touched off air raid sirens throughout this area Monday and also delayed six trains. Water in telephone cables tripped the alarms. Lightning felled electric- ity lines along New York Central Railroad tracks east of here. Four passenger and two freiglit trains were held up for an hour while repairman cleared the wires from

the tracks.

Helping Child Cope With Fears

By Herman N. Bundcsen, M- D- FEAR exists in all of us. P31” ticularly in children. And it's up to you parents to hell) F0111‘ youn":ters cope with the P1‘0b' lem. Fear of darkness is one of the most common exporicnced by youngsters. You can and should help them overcome it. but Y0“ have to know how to handle the situation or you are_ apt I0 make a real mess of things. USUAL MISTAKES when your youngster 901?‘ plains of the darkness, <30!” make the usual mistake of ad- vising himt. “Only little bables are afraid of the dark." . This will only shame him and prevent him from expressmg himself freely to you and YOUR‘ spouse. _ A much better approach is t0 have a “man - to man” talk with the child. Tell him that you realize that he is frightened and ask him to explain why. _ Try to recall your own child- hood fears and how you.devel- oped them. It might help you understand those of your chil- dren. . DON'T FORCE HIM Don’t force a child to do any- thing that causes him to be frightened in the belief that it will show him there is nothing It’s unwise to expose him too suddenly to a situation which has frightened him previously, even though you may try to re- assure him that you are there to protect him. Generally, this only makes him more afraid. Also, such ex- periences can leave emotional scars. Discussing the child's fears with him might relieve his anx- lety and lessen the fright. Care- ‘fully explain the difference be- twen realistic and unfounded fears. SOME ARE GOOD Advise him that some fears are good and desirable. For example, explain that it is natural to be afraid of jump- ing off the’ garage roof because he can expect to be injured if he does. Then explain why it gets dark at night and tell him that the change causes nothing to frighten him. Patience and understanding on your part are essential in helping your child resolve his fears in his own way. QUESTION AND ANSWER , B. R.: I have 3 servers ringing In my right car, along with slight deafness. Is there any- hing I can do for this?

Answers: Injections of vitamin A have proved to be of help in such cases.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

‘TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (April 24, 1933)

Miss Nora Bateson, gllnstructor in Classification and Cataloguing in the McGill Library School, has been engaged by the Provincial Government as librarian to con- duct the provincial library demon- stration made possible by the $60,- 000 grant received from the Car- negie Corporation.

Teiiders -will be called about the middle of May for the reno-

MAXIMS

If men would consider not so much wherein fjsy differ as wherein they agfii, there would be far less of mcharitableness and angry feeling in the world.

Q

NOTES BY

‘ t It’: mighty easy *0 ‘"“‘ °“ ince your school daY5- .115 She youngsters with their home. work.—-Kitchener-Waterloo Rec -

ord

' ain blackmailers who licI1:‘ith1:n:nveloiP€5 In which they enclose their criminal corr_esiP0I1 deuce, are often sealing their own doom thanks to Scotland Yards ingeniiity with saliva tests. We have become used to saliva tests for the ponies, but that such hnal- ysis may trap'the man who icks his envelope is a novel idea.- London Free Press

Offilcals of the Empire Stat; building in New York have‘; agree to turn off the shimmering and dazzling beacon lights BIO-P We skyscraper until June 1 _to save the death of countless mi1gI‘8’£01‘Y birds. Such a move is signlffcan-t of the present interest in ilrds, and in the art of bird watching, and ‘a trend among city dwellers to observe and understand some of the-wondens of n~ature.—Lon- don Free Press

vation of’ the east Wing 01' We Falconwood Hosipita1._ Plans for the work are now being drafted by Mr. C. A. Fowler, architect, Halifax. It is expected that the total cost will be about $100,000.

TEN YEARS AGO i (April 24. 1948)

Misun-derstandings with regard to the express rate in-crease which went into effect along with the 21 percent freight rate boost under the Transport Commission ruling this month were clarified yesterday by Mr. Marcus Calder, General Agent for the Canadian National Express at Charlotte- town. He stated that the exipres-s rate increase in confined to mot- or truck competitive rates extend- ing ‘over a radius of about 200 miles.

An important program of re- search is now underway at the Biological Station at Ellerslie to

find ways and means of cutting '

down the cost of oyster produc- tion, it was learned from Mr. R. R. Logic, who is in change of the station. This industry brought an estimated $100,000 to the Prov- ince in 1947.

C1‘ 8 "Annual reports by’

meeting.

. .

/

I s H A MA’ suprsn SPECIALS

ROAST BEEF Grad “A” Tender Blade FOeW’L «E»GLG,u.sg, lb. 49-c lb. 39: CW4“; Fresh Frozen BACON do‘. _ COD FITLLETS sweet, Tasty PARSNJPS “,_ 29¢ lsficed 2 lbs. €156 lb. 69 Tfimm Brokfliiéiekoe Perfectifn ROAST PORK MILK , ____£_5~’:S___.

"’° 59‘ 6 fins 91.: COFFEE

Red Rose G , Nescaife

7“ roux EVEEANS ———/—~‘ °" 51'“ lb, $1.95 or with Molasses M“é'3"‘,F}E’E“’° COI!{a,te’s 2 tins 39C 1 ‘b. SOAP EXTRA SPECIAL 5 f°' 49‘ AIzhiienrY&F(c}>ebbb“ QR ’ AJAX 3 tins 25¢: 99¢ ag Super Size 0 med Tm -K 0 tin 27:’ .. ’§pARE RIBS FAB i 4 lbs. 79: 90c Value I 2 for 69¢ Limited Supply Giant I E ltmur-nnann VEL '¢.-2..--.:..-a-..-.. With Tea Towel 5 lb ha ~lb“Bag - ‘E 25 . 79° 49:: $1.69 IIIAL 3224 FIIEE DELIVERY 211 EIISTIIII ST- ’ l

election of officers for the coming year. All members are urged to present for this

THE WAY

I The movie industry notes that good pictures will always draw crowds to the theatres. That his ing so, why not make more good pictui'es—Winvdsor Star

\

Doctors say W0 W01‘?! too much

placency.-—Eidmonton Journal

WILD GEESE _ On the quiet seaside afternoon. they came In brave form-ation, flying, and high " Above the sun’: last brillia burst of flame:

I watched them span the ‘pa green streak of sky,

Then change direction, mam‘ out to sea '

their flight finlty. , ,

And now, long after they have gone from sight,

I see them moving still in the mind's eye,

Tracing the secret msssagg him still brings

In silent beauty to the tranquil

sky The memory of lost legend”, wings. —Doug1as Gibson in the New York Times,

Allstate First Grade

SUPER SAFE , TIRES

Guaranteed 20 months only $15.95 Now In Stock

Buy on Easy Payment Term:

SIMPSONS - ‘SEARS, Charlottetown Store»

l

BENEVOLENT IRISH SOCIETY

ANNUAL MEETING THURSDAY. APRIL 24

P. M. committee chairmen .a.'ncl

SPECIAL Y. M. c. A. NOTICE it

In respect to the memory of our late

—Honorary President. the Hon. G. D.

DeBlois. the Y.M.C.A. will be closed Thursday morning. April 24th.‘ . "

but scientists say we don't wm-.‘ ‘ ry enough. Perhaps we should aim, for a state of apprehensive com!

With such a sense of piurpogg _

They seemed to reachitoward iii. '