PAQE__ NINE

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

JULY 2. 1938

FOR FARMERS, STOCK BREEDERS and GARDENERS

NATURAL RESOURCES MARSHFIELD.

I CONSERVATION I

A WEEKLY COLULN OI PRACTICAL OPINIONS 0F THE VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING

THE USES AND ABUSES OF BY MB. LUDLOW JENKINS,

DON'T USE YOUR GUN ON YOUR FRIENDS!

M; we Llvln: Things Called “Pred- Qwfy" Are Not Just That By Tony Lascelles

Better kill them before they fly." n, was a. friend speaking. He re- [erred to two orphan Great horned owls rescued m infancy from the murderous clutches of three small boys vzho stoic them from a nest. ‘m a, high oak tree. Their father. they explained in extenuaiioli, had avowed that owls destroy game airds and they were nlcreiv aiding | gmd came by killing all the nestlings they coilld find. Needless L0 say I did not heed my friends advice. and when the owls were mic to take care of them'e]ves they departed never to return. I wished them gcod luck- and yrood hilnting.

The suuueston of mr friend. a ruthless lulnicr of lircddtors. and ‘.119 paternal tell-hing tendered the trio of youthful "conscrmtionists" ls representative of a .choo1 of thought popular among sportsmen wherever game brds occur. Owls" and other bird: of prey. it is sin- cerely believed. ‘nI-hfi‘ than rll‘ trov 2.1m" birds and innuollly" rcdilcz- their lYmilifiilflll lo the rlctrilncnt. of sport 'I‘hvii- aren- mmt is akin to the relroiiin: of many hinbriudlnrn who run for the family shrlllrutl wiirlicvrr f1 hawk or owl aoncurs in thc offing: and i-cliclnelilli" reicicr when another feathered ‘varmt’ hits the dust. Both factions m"? firmly convzrlced

that. predators arc n dclrlment to.

forest. ficld or irnr h. In fact it ii vaguely nrcrrerl iillli- they have no place in Nritilvc": scheme.

In the nflillfjll. wry-Ed of animal fife all is eovr-rnrd by a complex yet simple code of laws which. un- e=s diSorEnrfPri ‘w human aizencies. rover fliis to benefit every living lhinlz. W" will realize if we are ob- wervanf. tint the s-liallcl‘ u creature the greater it; bower of reproduc- tion and. conversely the ‘arger it is fh=- less it: poouloton. If l-vcrv insect lived to l-crrodilcc its kind. wan for a pert-vi o’ a few VFHH. agriculture would r=ri<c and iflffiii-s he destorvrd. Thr- rrcetotvon of “b: earth \\‘f1'l"i i~r1l1l'~“i“"“lll"ll1’! death to every Pllllhltaut l"lii' doc: mt. happen i‘f“‘ill=" frv-irr- lover them tlvci.‘ fi“i\f‘l\rf nnoli them for Mod and. asfistcd hr tho reunllit-inq casualties or 11771111". kccp their ‘lumbers in chock leaving’ suffls-rit

scrvr no purpose‘

to Defilef-llafe their kind and serve their appointed purpose. 1n gum, the creatures that subsist Upon m- sects are devoured by largel- 10mm, many of whom in the cycle of events are themselves eaten 53am, W011 are permitted to survive in order to carry out their tasks. As with insect; so ivllh manmmls and birds. Il every bird lived the ilvaln hordes woud eventually cover the [earth and perish. If every mammal meaclied maturity the result would l be chaos. ‘Every form of animal life 11s l1 link in a food chain which, if ibroken or dgvtroved, deflects the lorigicnal equitable balance of an lenviromcni creating n new balance that ultimately reacts to our detrl. merit. g The balance of nature despite the i-Ekébtlclsm regarding it: reality and i trelation to the economics or civi- iszation is nevertheless relevant. and accurate. It is apparent. in any lnrt 0i the natural world suffering from undue interference and ex- ,_nioiiai_ion. We cannot add without Pxllcctlnlz repercussiona Vie can- not. take awarexcrpt ivlthcaution land iilldfiiltlillfillll: , l The foregoing (not: are signifi- ‘ng the value or . cucc of any crea- furc 5lli7<l i-ZIIQ upon flesh um prove, or bPilFVPfi in excrl- a detrimental lnflucncc in the SphPT/l of human‘ alfoir; rerrratlcnil and economic . The kl: zFlnan. \\'ii“l1 condemning to perriillon our bird; of prey, rare; ly colisidrr; the restraining influ- ence they exercise upon rodent. bird and insect. populations to aid m preventing an inordinate and lhlirmful iucrcrlse. ‘They fail to rea- ‘iiizc that 2511116‘ birds constitute but 1o small part 0f the dict. a. percent- jaec that could at least. be "granted" jas a reward for invaluable serv ces lrcndered. And after all who has the szrcalest claim to a ivilderness food tflillZ-Diy, the predator whose bene- [ficilli existence depends upon its ;l“l‘£.‘:"(‘il€{‘ in order to survive or to l’ the pleasure scekiniv human who by the vcrv nature of hi: artificial life lhas alienated his kind from partl- lcication in the council of natural [affairs Birds of prey and game birds exrted together for their mutual benefit. centuries before the Flrrlrnl of the white man Conse- ruioiltlr if the continued decrease cf tramp hlrrls over much of their "antic zivcs muse for aim-r“ i; (how u-lt. a l1o.<'i'ihi1it._y' that we are to blame? (To Be Continued)

Livestock

SUMMARY

UITAWA. Jlinc 2s, lnsa arm- lilttle market f’.\l‘ll"l'if‘llf‘f‘fi a set- back this WFPRWH) grass cattle with cows and billls inking most. of the loss. The warm ivcnther ex- perienced in most parts of the aountrv has retarded the demand for beef and this situation has been reflected in the market. for live cattle. The general steer market held fairly steady. particularly for vantage of the generous offering of frassers to adjust their bids to ower levels on the latter.

Cattle Prices

Only best. quality steers held last. week's price love-ls at Toronto. while other steers as well as all grades of butcher heifers, all cows and bulls were down 25:. The top of the stecr market. iras 50.10 paid for b load of 1450 pouzidcrs. Ex- porters took weighty steers to the extent of 650 head for Great. Brit- ain. Butcher steers sold at. $5.50 to ".25 and a fcw tops $7.50. Mont- real followed an opposite trend to other markets with cattle prices steady to a shade higher. good steers maklnz $7 50 to $7.75 and a load or more of top quality up to $8 Winnipeg linrl mostly a two- Wly market. prices rilling strong on dry-fed material but. with a much lower trend on medium qrassers which constituted a gmzi share of the receipts. Dry-fed handyweilzht killing steers grading 200d or bet- ter sold hetwecli $6.75 and $7.50. while a fall- lot of crass killing steers made $6 to 8.50. There was a scarcity of lzocd ulcivhlv steers and a few of these made $7 to $7.50. Cabral-v was steady on grain-fed cattle with the best cnd oi’ the steer division making: $6 to $6.75. Qual- ity was mostlv of an indifferent kind at Edmonton which slowed the market up considerably. butcher steers ranged from $6.50 to $7 at this centre. Top prices at Prince Albert and Moose Jaw were 5R 75 on good steers. while lvgina had some sales as hlzh as $7 25. and the hlih 17710! at Saskatoon was $0.50.

Exports to the United State!

Only an odd load of Canadian bottle mow-d south this wrelr. Buf- !a'o had no Canadians on offer but reported tho qrnr-rlil market there ls steady with the hulk of the ferl kteera goln" hnlwccn $0.50 and $10.10. and calvcsttpitlriinll atcw.

o . n an- There were no on Llmsfvnfi

\

win-nun-

ll llilull: Pill‘ clior

Inlurc u large map o) healthy vigorous pupa this you by feedlm

ROYM. FOX FEED

RMarkets

dian cattle at St. Paul.

Exports to the United States to date this year total 22.026 beef cat.- ,'tle. 0.650 daily, 25,590 calves. and .44 hogs. During the same period llast. year shipments arrfiilntcd for 85.360 beef cattle. 5.830 dairy, 54.- 1472 calves. and 39,286 hogs.

The British Market

I l!

Ten days of very hot dry weather has adversely affected the beef trade throughout England and cat~ tle prices are ruling a little lower than re:cnt notations. Canadian cattle from e S. S. Manchester City were reported a rather mixed lot and the (poorer grades were not easily oieare . Sales made up to the time of cabling ranged from 15 1-20 to 16 i-2c dressed weight includ- ing offal. The demand for zood dairy cows remains firm. Glasgow estimated good Caandain feeders izs worth around 8 l-Pc per 1b.. ai- vc.

Three steamers have left Mont- real since our last. report. the S. B. Sulliiria on the 17th for Olas W with 372 cattle. the S S Dakot an on the 22nd for cardiff with 828. and the Manchester Regiment on the 23rd for Birkenhead with 584. This brings the total exports t-o date this year to 20.376 cattle, com- pared with 3,273 in the same period last. year.

Calves Sharply Lower

With one or two exceptions calf markets were decidedly lower than a week ago. Toronto opened 50c lower and lost. another 50c later in the week to close at a practical top of $7 and n few choice veals at - $7.50. Montreal lost 50c or more. Good veals were generally $6.75 to $7.50 and three or four top calves made $8. Winnipeg broke rather bablv. good vcals closing around $5.50. compared with a $7 top last week. Caleary remained about. steady paving a top of $6. Edmon- ton was barely steady up 1o $5 50 Tops at Prince- Aibert were $5. Moose Jaw $6.50. Saskatoon $6.25.

Inn Make Further Gains

The hog market carried good strength and added to the lzalns made during the previous week.

Toronto was up 35o and closed firm at $11.35 for trucked bacons with a few at $11.40. Prices were con- siderably higher at Montreal with f A: w. becans at $11.50 and

trucked Ibacons $11.15. Winninefl was strony with bacons rangint! from $11 to $1125 f a w A]

. l other centres sdd stronger. Calgary closing with blicons at $10 50 off trucos. Edmonton at $10.40. Prince Albert; and Saskatoon at s11. and Mose Jaw and Rosina at 811.10-

Lumb Market Euler The lamb market moved to lower

A

h

$6. The bulk of the heifers sold be-

GAY’S PLANTS

Belowh o lint o! plant-loud

TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH

Drlcel: , I A - ANNUAL BEDDING FLOWER S I

PLANTS-Alter, Starch. Petunia in I thmfollowtu; colors. Blue, Bony Mum. Velvet, White 5mm,’ vnfbm zlglilfedilslzl-g; r d i

on e en , , ox was a Por Since, Scab , ‘Azerutum, 1,1003‘? gxtrfidfiggg iggcségghfgkig his case. omesu uumu‘ He h“ Phlox, Cosmoa Kochln. or Burnt}: Roland Tup . writing in the Am- m an?“ lmgelh Aildwm)’ Lflm" erican National Fur and Market Acmrdltlg w Gem“ 1-1- 0"» Li“. “g 1"“ -,7”“f"'|:““ ‘d?’ Journal for June. Mr. Tuplin is a mum” “i Reseamh- HHW" A-

ll . t unuu Ceoa . Suin- son o‘ Hank mpnn‘ formerly o! Nleman and Company. Thiensvllle,

glossls, Culenduh, and Sulvlu, rc- duced to 20c oer doz. (post. mid) For 30c per doz. include seeding Pansles, Enlrllsh Daisy. Carnation

New Arman. P.E.I., one or tlhe founders of the silver fox industry ln this Province. Some Z1 or more

and Dianthus. advanced very large Years e80 Wank £00k up residence Zinnia. Seivln, and all double in Michigan and established a. Petunia. ranch there! Roland still continues

PERRENIALS AND BIENNIALS, One year old-Pansy. higllsh Daisy, l-‘orgetmenot. and Carnation at 10c each. postpald. Fox glove. Canter- burv bell. and Sweet William 15c cac — Columb no 2 year old 25c each. Double llollyhock and Delph- inium 20c.

vcoarauu: PLANTS - mm‘ Elli! Cabbuc Cauliflower and Celery 20c per doz. $1.50 per 100- Second Early Cobba and Cauli- flower 20c neh doz. 1.25 nei- 100- Extra Early Tomato 40c per din. Late Tomato 30c, per duz. Peppers 30c doz. Cucumbers and Head Let- tuce 25c doz. Ail the above phnts are new ready for planllnl.

NOTE-Lute Cabbage for fall and winter use. not ready before June 15lh—30c nor 100. by mail 35c. Late Caiéliflower 20c doz. 75c per 100 post

a .

it while Frank is located in British Columbia.

Mr. Tuplixz wrltess-“It is dif~ ficuit to figure out a way to get uniformly good color over a whole ranch and to account for the off- colored ones is lust as hard. There are some ranches I know of which produce uniform color. I cannot remember seeing a. badly tinged fox on these ranches in my life. but I presume they have some at times. To lzet color on my ranch I de- Delicl on a Droper proportion of meat and cereal. I have a set: of weighing scales and every ounce of teed is weighed while a record of the portions used. I do not weigh the amounts per fox, Just the amounts of the different ingredi- ents that so into the feed. Some people claim they feed a feed com- posed of 50% fresh meat and 50% cereal. I have never been able to set a fox worth two cents on a feed containlllz so little meat. that ls if they mean 50% by weight. I feed much nearer to 75% meat. using tripe for fresh meat and no red meat in summer.

Another thing that makes a. lot of difference in the fur of a fox and color is the date on which they shed off. If a. fox sheds his old coat too early he is usually the first one in the fall to look shabby. If he sheds too late he is usually a bad. color when furred out, to- gether with the fact that. he is al- ways short furrecl down his back with the underful; sticking out. Meat is not always to blame for poor color. The worst looking foxes.

ever had were some I fed some kinds of feed which contain very little meat. I think the day is coming when the feed manufactur- ers are going to manufacture their feeds to suit the various seasons. A fOX_ in the hot, summer when shedding does not. necessarily re- quire the same iliiredients in his feed as the fox hat 1s getting ready to have pups. Neither does an adult fox require the same feed to produce the proper pelt in De- cember as a. growing pup which has frame to glow as well as fur. The fact is I feed two entirely different feeds on my ranch. I nev- er feed adults and pups the same feed. I could not get to first base with foxes if I did.

There is a huge element of lln- certainty in the way I get my color. thou h. I never seem to get the foxes t. e same twice. although I feed them identicaiy the same. that is as nearly as the feed can be prepared by weighing it on scales. The difference in the sea- sons from one year to the next may account for some of it. but I doubt it. I am confident that poorcolor is lack of pigmentation in the fur and the reason a shed helps is that it keeps the weather from damag- ing co or that is very weak. I could better illustrate what. I mean this vay. You go down tzwn and buy your‘ self a $10 suit of clothes. As long as you leave it in some dark closet it. looks pretty good. The dyes are poor but out of the weather they last O. K. But wear the suit oilt in rain a few times and then in the sun and it begins to look shabby. The color does not stand up be- cause it is not deep enough. The foxes we raise in sheds are just the same. They have just cheap dyes in them and as long as under cover look fairly good. The fact that the sun and rain takes the color out is

We are always pleased to have cusiome u call and personally sel- ect. their plants. Carter b 00., seed Store and F. W. Woolworth. Queen Street. have our plants for sale fresh from our gardens daily. Please remit by money order. if b check add 15o exchange. Send mail orders to

J. J. GAY & SON

Box 187, Charlottetown

ground. prices getting away from the early spring lamb quotations. drop of 50o was registered at Toronto, where good lambs were sel- ling B3 $10.50. The drop at Mont- real was $2 or more. 500d lambs bringing around $10. Western markets were much easier, Winni- peg closing dowr. to $8.50 for good lambs. Calgary selling between $8.50 and $9.25, and Edmonbon $8.50. Tops at Prince Albert, were $8. Moose Jaw $9.50. and seeks.- toon $7.25.

CATTLE MARKETS

TORONTO cattle trade draggy throughout and left head unsold at the close. grades of while 0th

was

700 Better steers were barely steady. _ er steers and all butcher eifers were down fully 25c.We1lzhty steers sold between $6.50 and $8, one top load, averaging 1450 Ibo, at $8.10 Butcher steers ranged be- tween $5.50 to $7.25 and a few $7.50. Heifers closed at a general top of $7. Butflier cows were off 25c or so closing at $3.25 to $4.75. after making as high at, $5.25 on Monday Choice fed calves bmilglll 8 to $8.25, a few $8.75 and others down to $6 75. some common to medium stockers sold at $4 to $5.50 milkers and s ringers held steady up to $65 for ested tops.

MONTREAL cattle prices were steady to a shade higher, good steers making $7.50 to $7.75. some tops up to $8. and mediums most- ly $6 to $6.75. There were only a few steers of quality to sell under

tween $4.25 and $6.25. butcher cows between $3 and $5.50. g, few tops up to $5 75. and cannons and cutters from $2 to $2 75.

CALF MARKETS

TORONTO calves dropped $1. tops closinz at $7. with a few choice at $7.50 and common veals sellimz downward to $4.

ONTREAL. sold good veals from $6.75 to $7.50. a few tops $8. Pail-fed calves and common to medium veals made $5 to $8.50. grassers were $3.50 to $4.50

HOG MARKETS

The Week's hos: run was 52.646. compared with 72.001 in the same week last year. Totals to date this year 1.624.619 last year 2.001.847-

TORONTO ho: market advanced 35c. bacons closlnq firm at $11.35 off trucks and a few $11.40. Pack-

We have been in the fox business 35 years and still have to confess we do not know anything abouit it. I hope the next 35 years will teach us a little more."

We hope so. Roland, particularly if you are of the opinion that sheds are only necessary to hold the color for foxes that lack deep nig- merltation. No rancher in this Pro- vince, no matter how good his foxes. could lzet good color fur if he allowed them to run out in the

l-rs prices all closed hlcher. Hamil- 0pm subjected to 5m, ml" and ion at. $11 to $11.50 for bacons a- mud through mild falls llkc we lire off trucks and $14.85 to $15 have experienced the past few dressed. Brantforcl closed at 81 years No- definitely and most alive. Stmtlord and Kitchener 5ufe1y_ sheds have mm? to 5m,“ $10.75 alive and $14.35 drPESM and the writer is confident that

London $10.75 alive. Barrie 510.75 alive. $11.50 dressed. Guelph rn 5" alive $14 dressed. Pcterboro $10.75 alive $14 40 dressed. Hull $10 65 alive $14.60 dressed. Monctorl $1075 alive. $14 3S dressed . McwTREAL sold bacon; at 311st) f, a; w., and no to $11.75 off trilvks, Rallirrades were $15.85. 199d”; broilght $12 to $15 50.

SHEEP AND LAMB MARKETS

eventually even ranchers like Fromm Bros. will have to adopt them or some modification of the shed system.

At Cairo, Michigan, a Jury sus- tained a farmer who shot an es- caped ranch fox and kept the pelt. ‘The fox had escaped from a com- mercial breeding farm and was shot Murray Dcchertv as a wild ani- mal at the time of death. Harmon Owen. defendant and operator of TORONTO sheen and lamb prices the fox farm. contended that the dropped 50c. wood lambs maklnn ~—-—————‘—"‘ _."'#-_ "c" s10 so rtliiS $7 to $0 and sheep $2 .

mum’ HEALTHY FOXES

MONTREAL. sold good lambs at BRING

311 cnmmpp down to m and mix-

ed lots $9 to $9.50 Sheep were ii EA LTIIY PRO FITS

uMR. (IEORGE MILLER of NI - once Ontario. wu the man w 0 Mir". "==..:":.':b:..:'..: now- 1:552... $01111" n»: rm».

very slow at $2 to $4. PULVEK your unf- lull

n: ully l! thin union, [or flun- ‘kmn. durum l v “um” furtnblo luouithy ‘m7’ m" n" u" o‘ no,“ M", ' nrnfltl. Info. odorlozlnfcamzrf 1:24;‘: melt» "tim- II "w m" W'- Send us your wool to be spun Into yarn and wwm "Ia r-vun u. llllllllll m" m. w; vugulznown for the launcher H who”, dclgglifikeoerf; 0311110 yarn £8 bulb. ilvlblo 10 can ragwmzpaltgnilt. . . ~ unveil" uro breeding resu to. mun I - - . ‘ Insist on Royal. It token flve would; nth b “u” ligand: ‘Ln-d: 31gb: ‘aramt All your denier min: or um o“. Wtgr-li: ‘a fflnzfltm u: medium. “‘u.l'"”m' m.’ often? 1:61:12; and fox unv- dlrm w ' q hon In . n: m n a owner: l’ ' "°'- ° mfiim- °°""° '“‘ ' f” CANADIAN CO-OPIRATIVI name 011.111 01PM") 155"" ‘m: immh '2; wfi wool. onowuns emu-no h’ J0|Ifl b’ m"! °' “mm mm" '0 b; 11"....» u u mun ‘MM w! "I'm" BM"- . p)", Prlco or well vmhed and bk: e II n“ u . mum], g “l pm. for unwnh . Auto robot. wblh l" ""- 9 and color bhnketl, Y"! ll! l" 155d" M “m Company ltd. wvhgviggnoighmz I lobu New Brllowlol Phone 105-1. Cheri blown, P. _ ' i

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. should treat

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proof the fur is not as it should be»,

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Wisconsin, operators of the est fox ranch 1n the United g (their cousins, Formm Bros. ‘second largest) one of me important problems which the fox farmer must face is that. o1 parasite control. Losses due w the presence oi worms are often corn. Dlicated by other factors. Because of these reasons the importance of Parasites generally is not appreciat- Ed. bz-verc damage can even occur without causing the death of the animal. Severe lacerations of the intestinal wall by hookworms may “use 110i Only anemia because oi the constant drainage of blood, but also may open the fox to secondary bacterial infections. The migration of the ivorms through the lungs leads to difficulty in breathing and constantly exposes the animal to pneumonia from secondary bacteria. Round worms, although not caus- 1118 any laceration in the intestine, may be quite toxic. The worms are esllfifllfiily important in regards to pup lnfections. The worms exert their influence at a time when the young animal is developing and could use its energy to better ad- vantage thon playing host to a body full of worms, Wat/ch your

larg- fates, being most

_ foxes from time to time It will pay you to give indi- vidual attention to each litter. The D1119 may be injured in fight or play and requires to be separated from the others or in his weakened state he urill fall a victim to their strength. Watch for pups shaking their heads or scratching their ears; it is a sign of earmltes. You _ your pups for ear- mites this time of year even though YOil think they do not require treatment. Separate the luidersized bubs, therefore under-nourished Ones. from the larger, more vigor- 0115 Dubs and give them a chance to get their fair share of the feed box. Watch for symptoms of worms and treat if necessary. Look out for fleas. Fleas are sure to be a- round pups if no coal tar disinfec- tant or other procautionshave been taken. Fleas cause anemia in foxes and do away with the irood feed which you are using.

Water is an essential for pups. See that fresh water is available for your pups and adults every day and that they have plenty of itand that when they g0 to look for water they are not confronted with an empty dish. Cleanliness is con- sidered an attribute next to Godli- ness. Whether that is the correct placeAit ‘should have I cannot say. but it is an absolutely essential factor in a fox ranch. Feed pans should be cleaned and treated with boiling water at least every two or three days. No olii feed should be allowed to accumulate around pens or dens as the putriflcation process may cause it to develop ptomaine Dolsonlnlr in the fox. Be careful of drinking water used. If it is from a suspected well there may be a chance of para-typhoid developing. Para-typhoid also comes from feed- ing milk that has come in contact with the lzerm. It has proved quite a source of trouble in many ran- ches in the United States and a few in Upper Canada.

In these notes I have frequently pointed out the danger of contag- ious abortion and the feeding of milk from cows suffering from that disease: also that humans acquire the disease through drinking milk from ‘contagious abortion cows. Histories of very serious cases are heinz published in the medical JOIIYIIMS of the United States and Canada. and right here in the City of Charlottetown several parties have spoken to me since reading my notes and told me of cases in their homes. 1f you have reason to believe or suspect that any of your cows harbor the germ Brutus Abortus. lzet in touch with Dr. E. C. Nottinlz of the Dominion Health of Animals Branch and he will arrange for tests. Also be sure of your milk supply if you are buying it from others.

Every season a. certain number of adult males kill their mates. They usually exhibit quarrelsome char- arteristics and a little good judg- ment. on the part of the caretaker is silflicient to size up the killers. On the first appearance of comba- tivc tendencies foxes

sebalntfli. as a dead fox in the;

summer months has no pelt value.

There are establishments in Lon- don that make n. specialty of deal- in: in silver fox tally". heads and ra .=. and carry large quantities in stock for people to use them as triniminszs and for the particulj! requirements of the trade that de- mand them.

The following is the story of the world's costliest fur coat. told by Jacques Worth. llcatl of the fam- ous firm that bears his name. and grandson of the founder. This coat. which cost. $250,000 was the most expensive one the firm of Worth ever created. and the story is filll of thrills and ends in trag- edy. "It was in the year of 1010 that I created the most expensive garment that ever left. the Maison Worth. a. sable coat for the wife of an American millionaire." says Mr. Worth. "Her husband, who a.- dored her. came to the shop to or- der it. and insisted that. I should make it of the very finest skins procurable. ‘I don't care how long if, takes you to collect them,or how much they cost,’ he said. ‘But. that coat has got. to be the best in the world. No other woman must have one like it.‘

"It took ma more than three years tn Bet the skins toilet-her. for I had to lzo through nearly eight. thousand belts before I could find the nlnety-eiuht I needed for the model we had decided on. I made two journeys to Russia. and set, all the best dealers there scouring the country for me. At last I had ninety-five magnificent skins, a perfect match. But I still needed three. I wrote to my agent in 8t. Petermuru, and he sent me four different selections by special mes- sengers. but none of them contain- ed skins that matched than I o1-

Entomology

THE OX WABBLB

Evezwone is familiar 111th the large bee-Like fly. solzietiznes m- oormcbiy called the “gad fly" that appears during the heat of min- summel- and darting a). the cattle. deposit; its 8888. one 1n a. place. al.- tached w the hairs, most commonly on the quarters and legs of the

cattle. This is the adult o1 the ox- ’ warble and the persistence and l

ro 1mm; of its attack inspires the aniuzgzial with fear, causing them. w ‘ stampede in a frenzied manner. It does not however sung the animal The process that is seen protruding from the tzip of the abdomen is not a sting. but the ess-lflvmz BPPB-f" atus oi the fly, which is incapable of piercing the hide. T0018 eggs hatch in a. week or 1&5 and bore , through the skin causing b sweilin! , and pllis formation in elder mule lThe maggots migrate through the i tissues, eventually coming to be ‘along the back, where ibeymake an opening through the skin by [means of circular plates, situated “at. their posterior extremity. ‘They remain in this Pfisition until ebulli- a month before they appear in the field. when they become mature. ‘fall to ground and transform to pu- pae. A related species sometimes called the ‘heel-fl ” appears earlier in the season an lays its eggs in rows on the hairs of the lower parts of the body. This insect. often de- posits its eggs on the cows when they are lying down and in such oases. in which the fly does not actually light on the animal. the latter doe". not appear to be aware of its attentions. The damage caused by these insects consists lmrtlv from the harm that. result; from the chasing o! the cattle, which is naturally most serious with milk cows, The damage to hldcs caused b the exit holes of the maggot s very great. The actual injury to the cattle themselves ls not believed to be very serious, ex- cept rarely, when the maggots are crushed on the backs 0i’ the cattle, when serious symptons may be caused.

Darkened shelters into which cattle can retire during the fly season are of great benefit, as the insects do not attack in such situ- ations. In pastimes where natural clumps of trees occur, g little cut- ting away of the underbrush in the center and the building of a brush roof and sides. will make a very serviceable shelter to which the cattle will rro when attacked. Bqueez. in: out the waroies from the backs of the cattle is quite widely prac- ticed. In thick-skinned animals it. may some times be difficult ‘to force the warble out. The opening may be moistened to soften it or the openi may be enlarged jbly making a c can slit with a knife. Warbies should not be crushed and left to remain beneath the skin. If aocidently crushed it should be im. mediatolyuind thoroughly washed out. Lately B, number of ointmenrs have been recommended, for which satisfacto results have been claim- ed. One t at axilyone can make is prepared by using 1 part iodoform to 5 parts Vaseline. This f. applied

to the warble holes as soon as they are formed and messed in ivith the fnger. It should be used ,iu=t at the time the warble larvae have perforated the skin. MOSQIIITOES

Mosquitoes are very annoying pest-s both to animals and man and in southern countries certain species are of special importance as carriers of malaria and other . A detailed consideration of these in- sects is beyond the scope of news- paper columns, but a. brief general account of their life history may be of inlet-wt.

All stages but the adult are in the water. The larvae are own as “wrigglez-s" from the form of move- ments in the water and tliev may often be seen hangifii heao down with the opening of eir air tube, a structure situated near the p01- terior end of the body applied w the surface of the water. The pupae on the other hand have two breath- ing tubes situated on the thorax. The adult females of the species with which we are familiar are blood suckers, though many species never suck blood. and the males o; all species feed upon the Juice of fruits, nectar, etc.

1n some cases the eggs are laid on the ivliter, in others on the ground, only hatching with the coming of rain or the melting of snow. Sometime; they are laid singly. or as in the case of com- mon house or min barrel mosqui- toes. they may be laid in the form of a tiny raft, which gloats on the surface of the water. Most species vvinicr in the egg state. a few as adults and one common species us

should be i

a larvae. , The reduction of the annoyance [caused by mo-iquifoef. consists in screening the houses and in the burning of pyreihrum to destroy those that may effect an entrance. 1n large centres the draining o1 nearby swamps or the practice of systematic oiling or other operations directed against. the larvae during the active breeding season has re- sulted in greatly lessening the nuis- ance. More extended accounts oi’ these pens can be had in special bulletins 0r in standard texts 011 medical entomology.

aomcuuryplsj ready had. Another seven months gal with no better luck. Then one day. as I was reconciling my- self to making portions of the sleeves with skins that were sliizht- 1y inferior to the rest, a drunken old trapper, who was not one of the regular men. walked iIILO my agent's office and produced out of a dirty canvas bat: three magnifi- cent sable Delts. Thcv were sent to Paris and proved exactly what I needed.

"when the coat was made up I showed it to one of the Russian Grand Duchusseawho told me that it was the most beautiful she had ever been. ‘There is nothing to equal it in the Imperial treasures, she said. The American million- aire was delighted with it and promptly wrote me out a cheque for seven hundred and fifty thous- and gold francs-mime than £50.- 000 at today's value. His wife was enchanted with her present. ‘Why. Mr. Worth. I Jud. can hardly wail. till I get buck to Philadelphia to show it to all my friends.‘ she said laughing. ‘I've told my husband we have not to take the fastest boat home.’ But the cont was never worn. for the boot they sailed on was the ill-fated Titanic

and lt- went down with all the rest of their 1088180. The poor woman.

- NEWSY

h! AGIIDOLA

NOTES =-

BISTOEIC HOUSES TRUST

The stately. homes 0f 5711818115 have fallen on evil days. Victor Hugo, in "Ifhomme Qui Bit," men- tions a. number of ulansion". belong- ing to the aristocracy. and Elves a descriptzon of their ornamental features; and between the lines we trace the iconociesm oi tile repub- lican. Hugo predict/ed the passing of the 11051111)’, but perforce had to admit that in the past they had served the country well. Bur. the Great War took an immense loll from the titled ranks, and the hlavy sucoe=sion duties and taxation since the var have reduced mcst. of those remaining to poverty. One Earl in the North of Engllnrl has been constrained to di mantle part 0t his ancestral castle and w sell the material for building purposes

sir Charles Trevelyan, the owner of wellington House. in Central Northumberland. announced last year- that he would lease I'll; roman- , ticallv situated and historic family l mansion to the National Trust on

I solution; the trust. fiO31'81'."l‘. ha; no _i capital and depends solely on pub- lic subscriptions. I: must. therefore pause before sucltilihg itself wmh t gift; like liLb.

A few months 3.10, a meétin: in London, presided over bv the Duc de Noalllcs (who came over from France exllrc"sls' lor the occasion). made it thought had been lIVOII, both m France and England, to the ques- tions of piesrrvlng such 11121103 and their trea-ures and settinzs inflict from decay and the speculative builder. Imd Salisbury was one o1 the speakers and revealed that he foresaw the impossibility of hand- ing on the Hayfield estates on a purely private basis fOr two more generations of the Cecil funiiy. (The Cecils have been 585301013 1?)?!-

e

visers of the monarchy from time 0f Queen Elizabeth.) The Duos address implied that in FIB-DOB a scheme for taking care of historic mansions was already completed. In brief, the scheme in Britain is ‘to provide for the be- quest or hand ng over of stately homes of acknowledged historic importance lo the National Trust. to hold as trustee for the nation. lcalving as tenants of the Trum and house the ovrner-famlly which _1S no longer l‘(‘3}l()l1'Slbi0 for repairs and no longer liable to pay the ‘crippling: death-duties on the e5. tale." In return the "owner-family" cease; to own its home. and the new owners the British Public have access Io view the house and its treasure; on .1 specified number of days eachh 312ml‘. Even tinder pres— ent C0ndit.0n$ it ls pOSSJbiE, by courtesy of the owner, to view Such places as Hatfield. Chatxworth. Blenheim or Haddo, places famous in Eligll=h history, and it. would b: manifestly to the advantage of the nation to acquire such estates. Wellington H0160 (or Hall». the inspiration of LillS note. boasts none of the outside "frills" detcstcd by Hugo. It. is a lnrue square build- ing of u-lntisil sandstone. with little external ornament. built about 190

years ago, Incorporated with it is the lower portion of {I11 ancient pole-tower, bililt. in all probability

previous to the reizn of Henrv VI. A large celitnrll coilrlyard or quad- rangle in the interior of the build- ing, we: roofed over by a former Trevelyan. and transformed into a picture gallery". The roof i. slightly obscured glass. which ensures all the year round. as lrni; as day

last. an cquaizic >lladcwles: Iirzht. thus solving the difficult. problem 01' properly lilzhtinp such picture galleries.

As it haprcns I hove- preserved some irprodnctions of frcscoci (murals) in this lzreat Cf‘litl"‘i 10c-

Fia- lflilli“f.ll‘"..a .N°"ihll.mbrlfill PE.

who was nnc of the survivors. landed in New York broken-heart- ed. for she had 10st both tier hus- ba ti and her soil."