'IIIGII

PLG E FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dull; (Founded In inn?) Aullinrlusl an hrs-Infill (‘Inna \lail. Pan Dillon Urpllrllsielll, Ottawa.

The Isl-sud liuurslials Puhlllhln; CO. ldlsm isnil Managing lttrnlur. J ll. Burund- Aaanrlah Brlllnr. Frank Wilbur.

‘The Si. ‘ Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

CHABLOTTETOWN, TUESDAY. JULY l2. 1949

P. E. l. Transportation Brlet

The Provincial Government is to be com- mended on the very comprehensive, logical and :onvincing brief prepared for submission to the loyal Commission on Transportation this week it Halifax, which will be presented in fuller de- ‘oil when the Commission sits here later in the nonth. It will link up with the more general irief prepared by Mr. Rand H. Matheson, mana- qer of the Transportation Commission of thé viaritime Board of Trade, which is being dealt vith at the Halifax hearings. Chiefly responsible rar preparing the Island Government's brief was Mr. J. O. C. Campbell, K. C., Deputy Minister of industry and Natural Resources, who spent three months in its compilation and in research work in connection therewith.

The brief is divided into three parts, un- hr the following headings:

The Economic and Geographic Disad-van- tages of Prince Edward Island in relation to Transportation, giving the historical background vnd geographic relation of the Island to Con- ida, present transportation facilities, existing 'ate structure, incidence of horizontal percent- ige increases, zoning, combination of rates with- in the Maritimes, routings between the Mari- times and other sections of Canada, etc.

Part 2 deals with specific recommendations. introduced by a summary of submissions it goes in to suggest numerous concrete improvements. Zhiefly emphasized in this section is the vital need of a second carferry at Borden, and of the operation of the service being taken out of railway administration and placed directly un- der the Department of Transport, or an indepen- dent Commission.

In Part 3 there is outlined a recommenda- tion for a national transportation policy, involv- ing the proposal of railway amalgamation un- der State ownership in the interests of the pri- mary producer across Canada, whose rights, the brief insists, are of paramount importance and who are being unfairly discriminated against by ttraight horizontal rate increases.

In an introductory statement, the brief ad- vances the claim that the investigation ‘by Royal Commission "does not relieve the Canadian Gov- iirnment of its direct duty to take such immed- late measures as may be necessary to ascertain the true economic position of Prince Edward ls- land in relation to transportation and to apply adequate gemedial measures. Any recommenda- tions which this Commission may be pleased to make, however favorable to this Province, and however completely implemented, will not dis- charge the continuing duty of Canada to rec- tify the inequalities and disadvantages to which we have been subject." ,

Also emphasized in the introduction is the almost complete failure of the Dominion in im- plementing the promise at Confederation that the Maritimes were to share in the internal com- merce which the creation of the Dominion was intended to promote. "lnstead of finding mar- kets in Central Canada and the West," it says, "the Maritime Provinces, especially Prince Ed- ward lsland, have lost in large measure the com- merce they had at the time of Confederation. Shipping has declined, manufacturing has with- ered away in the face of large-scale production of the Central Provinces, the financial institu- tions of the Maritimes have.thcmselves gone to larger centres, and the most enterprising part of the population has been steadily migrating. Prince Edward island has lost hcr natural mar- lists because of tariff and freight rates imposed upon her as a national policy, but has not shared in the markets created by such policy; thus, for this Province, it has been in large measure.all loss and no profit."

Supplementing the Government brief will b-e a ioint submission from the Boards of Trade and farm organizations of the Province, which Mr. H. F. McPhec, K. C., is preparing. Together, they should present a very complete picture of our transportation requirements, including much documentary material of permanent value in connection with our claims upon the Dominion Government.

Britain's Trade Contracts

n: factor which has made Britain's dollar problem so acute is imphasized in an article in the Winnipeg Free Press. This is her reliance an state trading. This system of trade is based on long-term contracts and it is a characteristic of such contracts that thev are less responsive to changed marketing conditions than are pri- vote traders.

Recent_events have illustrated this rule in a striking manner. Prices have been falling in the United States. Base metals; especially cop- per, have d-ecllned seriously in price both in Ca- nada and the United States. Under normal com- petitive conditions of trade, the British manu- facturers would have bought these raw mater- ials which are essential ta British industry, at reduced prices. This, in turn, would have enabl- ed British costs of production to be cut and British exporters would have found it that much easier to enter the United States and Canada. Yet serious obstacles have been imposed by Bri 'sh policy to any such development.

it best, therefore, these contracts would tend to keep Great Britain about three months be- hind current price trends in Canada and the United Statss. As a rule, things have worked out worse than that. Governments arc always slaw ta rnalro up their minds about future mar- Iiatlng conditions. They tend to play it safe, ta rely on the existing tnrnis of a contract. Conso- qnantiy, in only too many instances, time con- ra lost touch with current roalitiss. In- stead o being a factor of stability they havi

n ti" iftlt.ef~'trsl..wstiw to Lasts-loo

as

a fixed charge upon industry when tho some goods could be bought more cheaply. Thus they have helped prevent the expansion of British exports to the dollar area of Canada and the United States, the most constructive way of easing Britain's dollar shortages.

IEDITORIAL NOTES!

”The Glorious Twelfth" of the Orangemen.

The recent rains have been most welcome to farmers and gardeners but more is urgently needed. Tourists and holiday-makers are no doubt hoping that it will come at night.

i i i

Parcels received in Great Britain from Ca- nada in I948 had an estimated value of Sll mil- lion. A large proportion were parcels of food- stuffs sent to friends in the Old Country by Ca-

nadians.

n ti a

A Canadian educator has described Can- adians as bein-g more reserved and less experi- mentally-minded than Americans. That may be true in many aspects, but certainly not in their capacity to originate Pflitical parties.

a

Among the many signs of preparedness by the democratic powers is New Zealand's propos- al to hold a referendum on the question of peacetime conscription. Potential aggressors have no excuse for thinking that thev can "ge‘

away with it."

w n it

The First Class Scouts at the pie-Jamboree camp here will be our representatives at the lst Canadian Jamboree at Ottawa and are working hard to make a good showing for the ls- land.

n a n

"He is a little devil" is a not uncommon ex- pression. "Devil," after all, contains the first syllable'in "Development.” Whether it is go- ing to prove a good or bad "devil" largely de- pends an a boy’! parents, teachers and envir-

onment.

is Ii a

The Royal Commission on Transportation which is holding sittings today in Halifax and, which will be here on the 25th, is limited in its terms of reference to merely making recom- mendations, but those recommendations may be on any phase of transportation within the juris- diction of the Dominion.

i i I

British, French, Belgian and Dutch fleets are joining forces this month for manoeuvres. More than I00 warshpis ranging from aircraft car- ries ond battleships to motor torpedo boats, will assemble off the coast of Britain. When the ex- ercises are in ful-I swing about 22,000 seamen will be posted at action stations. These will be the first Western Union naval manoeuvres to be held.

C

Churchill on Hudson Bay is expected to have a record shipping season this year, more

I I

than double last year's 5,314,342 bushels of wheat which was itself a record. Mr. H.K.S. Hemming has long advocated the building of

elevators here for western grains to take advan- tage of the water haul from Churchill should the coarse grains subsidy be lifted as has ol- ready been threatened, i i O l

An increase of from I5 to 35 per cent in the wearing qualities for synthetic rubber tires by the end of this year is predicted in a report of an extensive survey submitted to the rubber division of the American Chemical Society. De- velopments in the manufacture of "cold rubber", the production of a harder product, and the use of new, fine furnace blacks as reinforcing agents are expected to bring about the improvement in tire performance, the report states.

a- . .

Sir William Osler, physician and author, born this date i849. He studied at Montreal, London, Berlin and Vienna, became regius pro- fessor of medicine at Oxford, and received a baronetcy in l9ll. A man of broad culture, high personal idealism, profound medical knowledge and great abilty, he had a great power of in- spiring others, and was a most successful teach- er. His publications on various subjects include his classics Principles and Practice of Medicine, System of Medicine (7 volumes); Science and Immortality, Counsels and Ideals, A Way of Life, etc., etc.

I i l’

The widow and children of a shot magis- trate in Part Arthur are to become wards of the City Council there. Under the plan, outlined in a letter to Provincial Attorney-General Les- iie Blackwell, Mrs. B. J. McKitrick will receive for the rest of her life monthly payments equiva- lent to her husband's stipend. Magistrate Mc- Kitrick was shot and killed July 2I by old William Gray, who then killed his wife and himself. The magistrate was hearing a charge of non-support of Gray's wife and three chil- dren. Mrs. McKitrick would receive $4,400 a year for the next i0 years and $l00 a month thereafter, when her‘ youngest child reaches I6.

I l’

ls U.S.A. in for a depression? The answer is NO, according to Secretary of the U.S. Treas- ury John W. Snyd-er, writing in the current issue of Collier's Magazine, and among the reasons he gives for his opinion are: i. A total of 59,000,- 000 workers in the nation are at work- and earning good wages. 2. There has not been -a bank failure in the past five years. 3. During and after World War I, farm mortgages went up 80 per cent; during and after the latest war, they have gone down about l5 per cent. 4. Per- sonal income for i949 is indicated as somewhat around 215 billion dollars. In, i948, the national income paid to individuals was 214 billion dol- lars. 5. The latest savings bond drive will go over its goal of one billion and 40 million dal- Iars. "l tell you with sincerity and emphasis that the situation as I sea it shows na substan- tial causa for anxiety," Secretary Snyder writes in his first-person Collier's story, entitled "The Facts About Business." "Tho uneasiness that is going around is in ths minds and emotions of nun, not in the basic facts of business or of aub- lis finance".

O

THE GUARDIAN.

(JHARLOTTETOWN

“lloiia That's llnly A Mirage"

3‘ Pin Con’

Fllroiiy u cum; T‘

IGMAIIM lllttoiutig. -~' IN orllill mus-

STGEPER RATES

THE PENALTY OF LOVE

If love should count you worthy and should delgn

One day to seek your door and be your guest,

Pause! ere you draw the bolt and bid him rest,

If 1n your old content you would remain, ' . For not alone he enters; in his train

Are angels of the mist. the lonely

quest. Dreams of the unfulfilled and un- possessed, And sorrow, and Life's lmmemorial pain. He ivakes desires you never may forget He shows you stars you never saw efore, He makes you share with him. for evermore, The burden of the world's divine regret, How wise you were to open not! and yet,

from the door!

—Sldney Royse Lysisght,

Obi A Old Charlottetown (And P. E. L)

PLETHORA OF NEWSPAPERS

"On Monday 4th, in Charlotte- town. was issued the first number of ‘The Palladium‘: and on Wednes- day 6th, the first number of ‘The Morning News‘»two semi-weekly papers. Thus in our nucleus of w city we shall now have seven publi- cations in a week, and our nascent citizens may boast-taking into ac- count the estimation in which our journals are severally held by dif- ferent parties — of possessing as great. n variety of these publica- lions, as Modern Babylon itself; for its host-like hundreds as well as our feeble five may all be placed under the heads, Good, Bad, or In- different."

—The Islander, September 13, 1843.

Skakespea re's Grave

(Francis lVfacNnmai-a. Ottawa Glebs- Collegiate teacher on ex- change in England. in the Ottawa Journal) I I O

I think one feels rltsesf tn Shakes-ochre in Holy Trinity Church (SlTaLl0rd-fiTl-A\‘0n.l There under a stone in the chancel lies all that. is mortal of the realest poet of all Limt‘, On the slab ls carved: “Good friend for Jesus’ sake for- bzare

To dig the dust. enclcased lieare: Blesis- he ye man yt. spares lhes

sfcne -

And currt be he yt moves my bones."

The admonition and warning

were well needed as it used to be the custom to empty graves into the nearby chamel pit. to make room for newer inhabitants. Flank- ing Shakespeare's grave are those of hfs wife. of Thomas Nash, hus- band of his granddaughter. and those nl his favorite child Susan- nah and her husband. Dr. Hall. On the wall above is a carved likeness of the poet copied from a death- mask and put. up in 1623, seven years after his death. The parish: register is on display containing the entries of his baptism and bur- ial and at the back of the church is the font in which he was bap- tlzed.

To a. schoolmaster ft. was, of course, of supreme interest to stand and survey the classroom where the youthful William had sat. and swr-ated over his Latin verbs from 1571 to 1578. The Btratford Gram- mar School. founded in 1402 u still operating in the some building and boys are now studying the great plays at the same desks on which Shakespeare's classmates carved their initial. The present head- master as able to show us around, only because the boys were all asyay aas their Whltaun holiday. .

Shakespeare did not llka aobool- masters and ls unkind to us In his plays. The insufferable pcdagogua, Pinch, tn the comedy of trots must. have been drawn from llfo. But we are a long suffering race and bear him no grudge. and I re- flected as we einmod nlnln into the lunshfpa of Olturab Qtraet that

it has fallen to the-lot of Shake- llllltfl domino sdsaolmaston to

The Empire Press Union

(The Times, London)

In celebrating the fortleth anni- versary of the first Imperial Press Conference, the Empire Press Un- ion paid tribute to Sir Harry Bril- fain. its founder, who reminded the meeting of the remarkable ludg- ment of Lord Mllner that the Ini- perlisl Press Conference had been the greatest single influence in maintaining the unity of the Ern- pii-e which was so impressively vin- dicated ln 1914. So high an esti- mate of ifs responsibility sets a standard which must be a continual challenge to the Union. Much of the routine work of its branches throughout the Commonwealth, and especially of its council, meeting monthly in London, is technical, and of direct interest only ta tlic profession of journalism; but much else requires the understanding and support of the general reader, whom the Press exists to serve.

Outstanding under this head is the section of the council's report. which deals with the "penny Press rate." At the instance of the Em- pire Press Union an agreement was reached in 1941 whereby Press telegrams throughout the Common- wealth were to be transmitted iit

H0“- poor if you should mm hknflll? low rate of a penny a word.

After the war the continuance of the system was opposed by the Un- lted States. always critical of Bri- tish imperial preferences, but fhc Union persuaded the British Post Office representatives nl the Bei- muda conference to make ii firm stand, and the cheap rate was sov- ed. If is now again in danger, owing partly to inflation and part- ly to the readjuslments consequent on the nationalization of Cable arid Wireless Limited. The council has therefore had to watch the situa- tion with some anxiety, which should be generally shared, for the continuance of cheap Press tole- grums is no esoteric affair of news- paper finance, bul the indispensable condition for that. copious flow of‘ information between the scattered units of the Commonwealth fin which depends their capacity to understand one another and act fa- gether.

The council has also hurl occas- ion durlng the year to intervene in more direct defence of the vlliil principle of the freedom of the Press-which. is, of course, n fun-- damental liberty of the people and riot the privilege of n profession. Some of the proposals submitted to the international Conference on Freedom of Information at. Geneui have given ciiuse for fear thaf. under cover of compulsory correc- tion of erroneous reports. the prin- riplo of censorship might he given thorblessing of international treaty: lt is satisfactory that on this ques- tion the Empire Prcss Union found ifs nbjnr-fions successfully upheld by the Governments of both Grvrif Britain and lhr- Ilnilctl Slates. fl has been less completely in har- mony with uufltorlfy in dealing with various complaints from the colonies that Governors possessed excessive powers, nr used 'rc-nson- able powers harshly, for the re- pression of freedom of publication. The particular instances quoferl have led the council In ilriderfnko a rzenernl survey of existing Press laws lri the colonies, which is not vat. complete. They may be at the beginning a controversy which is not. susceptible of n clear-cut salu- tlon. for In the belief in complete Press. freedom which hns became an axiom ln this country may ho onposerl embarrassing evidence nf the scurrlllty in which editors may descend in lands without the tradi- tion of responsible journalism.

lnstll a love and understanding of the great man's own works ln each rising generation. Bo, in all prob- ability gentle Wlll is smiling on us peclisgogues benevolently and en- oouraglngly from the Great Beyond where one knows all truth. Amt with that thought we left Strntford and headed south for Oxford.

y, Notes From Another Island g

By "Anson" I LONDON. Eaglandz-In some respects the past. week or two over here might well have been called "Memory Corner." There have been quite a number of things happening to remind us more or less forcibly of events in our fairly recent history. g

The large scale exercises which have been_ taking place recently to test. our air defences have filled the skies with the roar of aero- plane engines by night nnd day. In the glorious summer days which we are enjoying we catch an occasional glimpse of vapour trails high in the air-reminding us foo easily of another glorious summer of nine years ago when, in 1940, the Battle of Britain was being fought outaloove our heads, and on the ground we were hold- ing our breath and waiting for the expected German invasion. That it was never to come. we didn't know then, but. it was uncomfort- able to have to expect that, it. would.

Today's vapour trails are friend- ly, and for that. Jeason they‘ make a prettier picture. But. the mem- ories come back.. .. \

And so they do at night. too. In all but some of our most import- ant. streets and road junctions the lights go out. after midnight (in the sacred name of fuel economy. still), and that. added to the gen- oral blackout. atmosphere when. one night, we heard a syrea just after midnight, followed soon by the noise of a great many planes flying over. It took us back to the limes when that would make us stir uneasily and cock an ear for the sound of the first bomb on its way down!

It was quite like old times to read in the papers next morning that London had been the target for a large scale “attack? Thank goodness for those inverted com- mas around that word "attack"- lhey make all the difference!

lt. has been like old times, loo. to see more American service un- iforms about than usual. .-Some units of the U. S. Navy are pay- ing a courtesy visit to Britain, and the sailors who get shore leave and came to Landon make for the familiar landmarks which many of them remember from their war- time visits.

Some. alas for them. are greatly changed. Rainbow Corner, for ln- stance. which during the war was a U. S. Forces canteen and prac- ficaiiy a piece of America in the heart of London. is now a very swank snack bar. all chromium. shiny, and coloured lights. Yet other spots are practically as they loft. them. and Piccadilly still has its fascination. Perhaps even more. for now the bright lights are on again. and the statue of Eros is back on its pedestal.