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Ed‘lllffl Island Like The Dev J. Hence); Publishe'

Frank Walker

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l Zlurlon lewis “humus Editor 2‘ Published every week day morning (Q’Jpl 'deya and statutory holidays) at |65 Prince Street [Charlonelowm P.E.I.. by thou-soy. Newspapers Ltd Drench offices at Summemde, Montague. Albar :pen and Souris.

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PAGE 6 mnemonic Accepting The Verdict It is safe to say that. l’rime )lin- Diefenbaker's announced in- meeting Liberal today discuss

. ister tention of with Leader Pearson to handing over the reins of govern-

‘ment will meet with almost univer-

aal approval. Mr. lliet'enliaker, quite properly, waited until the armed

forces returns were in before mak- ing this announcement. He could, technically, remain n office until the coming Parliament, but. this would run against the country's vot- ad preference and would be. in strik— ing contrast with Prime Minister

St. Laurent's action in 1957.

On the afternoon of June 11, the day following the federal election of that year, Mr. St. Laurent tele- phoned Mr. lliefenlmker and told him that if the armed l'orces' vote did not change the situation. he would resign and advise the Cover- nor General to call upon Mr. Diefen- baker to form a government. On June 17 Mr. St. Laurent resigned.

The service vote still hasn‘t as- sured Mr. Pearson‘s party an over- all majority in the next House of Commons, but at. least there. are prospects that he. will be able to maintain himself in power for the next few years. He promised, in his campaign, to call Parliament at. the earliest. possible date, which is May 16, and he has undertaken to bring In a Budget. by June. There will be a host of pressing problems await- ing his attention, and he has said that he has legislation already drafted to deal with many of them. The country has now put the elect- ion behind it and is anxious to see this legislation brought forward and processed through an orderly and efficient Parliament.

The Ottawa Journal. which sup- ported Mr. Diefenbakcr throughout the campaign, stuns up the present situation succinctly. “Ry accept.- ing defeat in a sportsmanlike man- ner,” it says. “Mr. Diefcnbaker will be beginning at once and in the

ing of his party. He saved it from the humiliating defeat. many thought it. was headed for just one month

it to the good graces of supporters and opponents alike and make of its conduct in the new Commons the stuff that future rewards are built on."

Fixed Terms Proposed According to Mr. .1. Donald Smith, a member of the Legislative As-

..

7 semny of British Columbia, the " chief thing that stands in the way of government stability in Canada is the absence of a fixed term for

our provincial and federal parlia-

ments. In a speech in the 3.0. Legis- , lature, Mr. Smith proposed that a national commission be set. up to _ provide ways and means of bring- i ing about a change. Membership on i this commission, he says, should be drawn from former national and provincial leaders, former MPs and MLAa. Legislative Clerks, repre- sentatives of unions and industry, professors and others. Leaders now holding office “would be of little i help because they would not. want to have their powers reduced.”

We can see obstacles In the way of making a change along these lines. but Mr. Smith’s views are m Wing. Government leaders receive a very autocratic weapon In the right to demand a

“fihhsmwhlcelsm

aoundes-t possible way the rebuild-

«mm. earn. their am:

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ago; he may now further restore E

available to either Soviet Premier Khrushchev or U.S. President Ken» nedy.

Mr. Smith's suggestion is for a. fixed 4-year term. Other nations have made great progress under a fixed term system. The only right this would take away would be the right of leaders to threaten elect- ions month after month— a. situa- tion which places not only MPs and MLAs on tenterhooks, but the pub- lic generally. retarding economic and industrial long-range planning and leaving the people in a state of confusion and indecision.

Governments p a s s legislation making it illegal for unions to go on strike during the term of their con- tract. with industrialists, for the obvious reason that stability in In- dustry is necessary. 0n the other hand, our political parties negotiate a 5-year contract with-the people and any time after taking office can go on strike on a moment’s notice and come back to the people to re- negotiate another contract. This weakness in our present system is not Corrected by a majority govern- ment—it is. in fact aggravated.

There have been many recent ex- amples of snap elections brought. on in this country for partisan reasons; no doubt about that. But we. have little hope of seeing the abuse cor- rected along the lines proposed. Governments in power would have to take the initative in passing the remedial legislation. and we don't. see much prospect of them doing that in the forseeable future.

Deterrent Dilemma

On his recent visit to Washing- ton the British Labor leader, Har- old Wilson, came out strongly against Rritain retaining an inde- pendent nnclear deterrent. Prime Minister Macmillan wants to keep the deterrent, but Mr. Wilson said he would be ready to st» Britain become a secnnd rate power if first rate means following this policy. He would strengthen Britain's con— ventional forces for the defense of Europe. In short, he would fill the role the United States administra- tion apparently wants Britain to fill at this time.

This has made Mr. Wilson pretty popular in Washington, but the re- action has been different in the Old Country. At. the time he went to Washington the odds were running 4 to l in London in favor of 3 Labor Party victory in the next general election. But Labor stock slumped on the political exchange when word came in of the Wilson statement. The Conservatives are joyfully pre- dicting that that phrase "second rate” will be hung around Mr. Wil- son’s neck a thousand times from now until election day.

The odds, reportedly, still heav- ily favor 3 Labor Party victory; but Mr. Wilson now has made Labor vulnerable on the patriotic front. If the economy should begin to pick up in the wake of the new Maudling budget, there could be a revival in Conservative political fortunes that would upset the Labor applecart—and perhaps Washing- ton's plans along with it.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The design of a 15-year-old school boy, Sam Isaac, has been chosen as the national emblem of Canadian Indians. The choice, made at a conference of the National In- dian Council of Canada, is an em- blem made up of two peace pipes crossed in front of a Wigwam. "Probably many people are puzzled by the traditional design,” says Sam, “but to me the crossed peace pipes are the symbol of peace among nations of the world, while the tee- pee represents the nations in

Canada."

t C 0

According to The Economic An- alyst, a Federal Department of Agriculture publication, the Prairies accounted for about 82 per cent of the value of all Canadian agricul- tural commodities exported in 1960. The Ontario-Quebec region was the source of about 15 per cent, British Columbia about two per cent and the Atlantic Provinces about one per cent. The Prairie region’s main ex- ports ware. of course, grain and grain products. In Ontario-Quebec. the predominant exports were dairy products, oilseed products. vege- tables and maple modem. Brlliidt Columbia led in exports of fruits and nets and the Albume in potatoes. . ' ‘.

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COMING DOWN TO EARTH

OTTAWA REPORT by

Patrick Nicholson

Turbulent Election Brings Wide Publicity

“Residents of the United Slat-l es do not know enough about Canada, and are inclined to take: Canada for granted."

That blunt assertion was made, just two years ago. by Canada's 1 Prime Minister at a press con-t ference for visiting United Na~i tions journalists.

Whatever else our recent j general election achieved. it cer- i, tainly made residents of the U.S. t very much aware of their neizh- hour to their North.

In no previous Span of one; month have three mass circula- tion magazines each carried a feature story on Canada: in not previous election have our hust-‘ ings been so densely populated by U.S. journalists and punnils: not since the invasion of Toronto t by U.S. troops 150 years ago‘i hove our neighbours played such a prominent role in ailfai-rs on Canadian territory.

VALUABLE PUBLICITY

“I never knew before that we had a problem with Canada." , one prominent Washingtonian vi- Q sitor to Ottawa commented. “Yet . affairs have never before been2 described to us." j

Previously, peaceful relations. with placid Canada had not rat- ed the headlines in U.S. publira- tions. The turbulent affairs of! the Latin - American republics ‘ had been more newsworthy. as. Mr. Diefenbaker pointed out at that press conference. ‘

“I am amazed.” he said. “by the degree that more attention is paid in the U.S. to a coffee; plantation than to Canada ‘ There is no serious endeavourt not the same degree of endea-. vour. to understand or to place 1 before the American public the‘ views of Canada."

But now. thanks to our tur- bulent election and Its overtones of pro - or anti - US feeling. many residents of the U.S. have become at least as conscious of this "newsprint forest" as they are of say Brazil.

Strangely, the first impact on many of those newly - conscious neighbours is that they want to t visit us. Storm on the hustingsi will lead to a louder rattle in the cash registers of our tourist in-‘ dustry. '

This,

according to US. talk.

1' sands Seem destined more and more discovers‘ glad ,

is not just a trite reaction in- spired by curiosity. Thanks to our angry, election. they have learned that we are a modern industrialized nation. mature enough to have problems I h e y can understand: foreign Ir a d 9 problems, balance of internation- al payment problems. excessive taxation. shortage of jobs. a cri- sis of conscience aboul wea- pons of mass extermination. an internal racial crisis. These are

1 all problems familiar to th e in.

because they also must face them in their own backyard. TOGETHERNESS

This has made them. accord in): to my informants. recognize us as being like them - warm. human and sometimes troubled persons: not monsters ten feet

high speaking a strange jargon. nor ape - men swinging from , t h e treetops without in o d e r n t plumbing. Not a musical comedy i set peopled by red-coated Moun- ties bnl otherwise in some way inferior to a “coffee plantation." 1 Strange how that remark of two years ago was echoed only two weeks ago by Alvin Hamil- ton - "What do they think we are, , 3 Guatemala or something?“ . Well. among the many minus i signs of the election campaign ’thal is proud of. we : I brought us millions of dollars

, worth of publicity in the U.S.A.,:,

j and largely publicity which be- i friended rather than antagonized t our neighbours.

A Shell-Rich Island

National Geographic Society

Shell collectors. happily comb- Ing the fruitful beaches of Flor- ida‘s Sa-nibel Island, expect.an influx of rivals.

A new causeway is under- construction between the spar. sely settled island and the west

coast mainland near Fort My-‘

ers. With a highway stretching the island‘s 12-mile length. the to echo

cries.

Sanibel Is one of the world's rlchcst shelling grounds. Con- chologists from all parts of the world come to collect and lake

art in Sanibel's annual shell fair, held in March.

Florida is a shell collectors‘ paradise. Because the coast beaches are steeper, and deep water comes closer to shore certain species see there rarely appear on the west side. But it is on the gradually shelving beaches of the west that America's most brilliant and varied shellfish are cast up by the sea.

SKELETON IS THE THING

A shell ls actually a skeleton. worn outside by creatures that have no backbones. Though mere blobs of life, often with- out heads, they lead animal lives.

PUBLIC

FORUM

LIQUOR LEGISLATION l

Sir.—~I have been following: with great infenest the recent . letters appearing in this col-

umn regarding relaxing the li- quor laws. I am greatly pleas- ed that the majority of them are against this proposal. How- ever, there are some aspects of this proposed legislation. which In my humble oplnlon really ef- fect us especially In the country.

At the present time when our residents especially the young- er generation. go to the nearest town for amusement and relax- ation. which we do not deny Is their personal huslness, they usually go In the late evening when the exlstlng outlets for the sale of elcoholtc drinks are closed. However, If the sale of such were extended to restaur- to templetlon

a n nights awaiting their return. Another situation of omlnous

my mind de- velop In the tourist camps which have been opened In the

ly In the larger can: has be-

fore concessions wan be alv- eu and license I sale of arm I It wees only testis“ thls unplcadoe world not he so cannons, but the tragedy would be with the matador: to our own youth who use the fectll- lies of the c stem

We. have been treated during the last year through the press with some lurid accounts of crimes on our little Island, ranging from theft and rape, up to manslaughter. Nearly all of these crimes stemm cctly or indirectly from drink. Only last week we were fold In the press that nineteen were sent to penltentlary from one county during the year. Is this a situation of whlch we should be proud?

True we have elected our members to the Legislature giv- ing them authority to make new laws or amendments to the existing ones, but wlfh the understanding that such leg- islation would be to the bet- terment of our province. our government Is not 5 perale for fund s that they would pass laws to the detri- ment of our own people, in st to cater to the sensual' appetite of a few tourists.

i I would appeal to our two elected representatives from thts first dist-rte! of Kings, whom I

w are both men of good moral character and Incest-Icy to use the audited vested In than by us the voters, to vote aaelnst at such a lime ea

Surely a

t In the next cement“. and not those of e few (outlets. I ate. . ale. - mi. nose Lebevllb. In

, Some shell collectors take their game alive. like hunters. and dig the animals out of their

t hiding places. Others pick up

t the empty shells after their ln-

? habitants have departed.

t or the two main groups of

shells, the univalves (single

shelled), far outnumber the bi- valves (two shelled). The unl-

l valve is the higher formI and includes snails and their var-

lious spiraling relatives. slugs

and limpets. Univalves may be marine, fresh-water, land or tree creatures.

The bivalve group — clams. mussels, and oysters, among others — is largely made up of sea dwellers. Though there are many fresh-water clams and mussels, bivaIVes never live on

land or in trees. despite the cheerful little oysters that walked to their fate In “Alice

In Wonderland."

All mollusks. univalve or bl- valve. bear a remarkable organ called a mantle, a kind of llv- Ing skin or pad that secretes a limestone substance for the shell. Shaped into forms char- acterizing their kind, shells are painted with pigments synthes- lzed by the animal from chemi- cals In Its environment. Shell material ls soft when secreted. but quickly burdens to become one of the most tlme-realstant substances known.

The chambered naulllua. sub- ject. of Oliver Wendell Holmes' famous poem. Is a striking ex- ample of the shell-creating art. As the baby grows, It seals off old rooms and builds, over lar- ger chambers for Its Increas- Ing bulk.

100.000 SHELLS NAMED

About 100.000 species of shells have been found and named so far. In endless colors and ver- Ietlea, they Inhabit the. world's

as, coasts. and Inland areas. Tropical wafers breed the moat and the brightest species. But. the chilly shores of Maine. Al- aske, and Patagonia. and fresh- water streams.o( Labrador and British Columble also 0 gemllke specimens.

the coarse white seeds

of Santbel Island. shell Ianclere gather more than 300 v

Including cockles, butter-cups. angel wings, chinese Iphebets. lIon‘a paws, and Sc h bon-

ate.

There and many other popu- lar names. such as shark's eye. bleeding booth. and last-headed whelk. hint at the. Isabelle shapes that fascinate and ae-

as

adults owaerssmuches .lutltls thatunotlleulueudehwlee otttheprlaeethat counts.

SAVED DY 000

MA’I‘SQUI. B.C. (CH—mee- year-old Sheunoe Dawson's M collie saved her from fallen down an abandoned well hotels; on to her-domes her meets: errlvee

combulmlnuteeddresl

Science Views Overpopu'lation‘

ly Dr. Theodore R. Van Dallan

We may expect to hear more and more-about the population explosion as time goes by. a- ny hold the medical profession responsible for this crowded old world

In the past. the world popula- tion was limited by the food supply. disease. and anemia (famine, pestilence, and war) While the explosion cannot be blamed entirely on physicians. We have been given e go- aheed signal to save and pro- long life with little or no re- gard for the problems created thereby. The large amount money spent on medical re- search by government, Indus- try . fund raising groups supports this content-lo

The following quotation from the La ncet shows how some British scientists feel along this

e: "Medical science Is largely responsible for c r e a t i n g problems of overpopulation. old people. and survival of the un- fit, and It can be expected rea- sonably to take a share of the responsibility for solving them. M ' science, after long years .of looking askance at contraception. is coming fothe view gradually that death con-

.trol must be balanced by birth

control. Can medical science now go further and reconcile (the interests of demography. of eugenics. and of the Individual in other ways also?

“In an overcrowded world. It is hardly logical that time and money should he spent on (the treatment of infertility. on fa- cilitating the propagation of de- fects. or on prolonging life In cases of fatal disease. Further insofar as medical sclenca cannot attack everything at once, it might logically concen- trate research on diseases that dis a b l e rather on those that kill, and in those common in the less crowded parts of the world."

There Is not too much hu- manitani‘ani-sm In these words

ut we cannot dismiss the pro- blem easily or pass it along to future generations. There is some merit in concentrating on research jevot to diseases that cause suffering and disa- bility rather than the fatal va- rieties. After all. we are all go- ing to die some time.

The human race must decide. penhaps In our lifetime. wheth-. er overcrowding is pleasant or unpleasant. We have the reme- y but is the world ready for t?

l

READING SESSIONS

G.P. writes: A 74-year-old woman roads aloud every day after breakfast for at least 1% hours. The doctor says her heart is failing and she is col- lecting water In her tissues, She seems tired after her read- Ing session but insists it is not doing her any harm. What do you think?