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Indleni Ueni. Col. W. Cluster S. Melina Ibo-President: J. I. Burnett, F..I.l.

I080 y. Holt. Col. I). A. MlcKinnon, 0.8.0. Illier and Managing Director: J. B. Burnett, i-‘JJ. Alodnte Editors: Frank Walker and Lien. Ian

A. Burnett, II..O.N.V.E. (On Active Service)

“The Strongest Memory l-Veaker Than the Weakest Ink."

SATURDAY. mu: .14, ms

1'1-

Neglecied Prison Reform

Remember when prison reforui was a. more-or-less political issue in Canada! Mr. Mackenzie l'\ing used to hammer a good deal 0n

this subject when he was in Opposition, and a

Royal Commission under Hon. Joseph Archain- bauld was appointed and made an exhaustive inquiry resulting in a report which was passed bv both Houses of the Federal Parliament in I939. That seems to have satisfied .\Ir King's ardour for prison reform, for from that day to this the report has been neglected, save for the adoption of stiggestions for the training of peni- tcilinry Ellfds. liacts have uow been reveal- ed in a booklet—“Somc Tragic Defects in Our Canadian Court and Prison Svstenis"—byi the Rev. R. Gordon Burgoyne, president of the Prisoners’ Aid and Welfare Association of Hontrcal, vice-president of the Canadian Penal Association and houoranv chaplain to Bordeaux jail, Montreal. which constitute a strung case for further official action.

Mr. Burgoyne would have the recommenda-

tions of the Commission —- based on inquiries conducted in every province iii Canada as well as in the United States and in five Ettropeazl countries — enforced throughout the whole. Dominion. The growth of crime within the past few decades, he insists. warrants vigorous measures. “We have about 12,000 persons de- tained in Canada todayg with a turnover of about 70,000 a ycar—-7o,o00 who have run foul of the law. If you will do a litstle multiplicit- tion you will realize how serious that is with our population of eleven millions." , The Commission reported most favourably" on the British Borstal schools, describing the system as "without dowbt the most effective method of dealing with the problem of young offenders," and advising that “the principles of this system should be applied to Canada."

Another chapter in Mr. Burgoyncs treatise deals with the expense of protecting the pu-b- lic against the habitual 0ffenders——the repeat- ers. or recidivists, convicted over and over again. Taking a group of I88 such prisoners. with an aggregate of 3,434 convictions'against them, or an average of nineteen to the in- dividual, it is shown that the cost of bringing them to justice amounted to $3,258,960; their maintenance cost another $1,348,130, the total working out at almost $25,000 per individual prisoner! The Commission adds this telling commentary: “One can only conjecture what would be the result of a similar computation in regard to our 8,000 recidivists, but the fact; herein disclosed are a convincing proof that a prison system that. on the whole, returns pris- oners- to society worse than when received into custody fails in its function to protect society, and, on the other hand, contributes heavily ta the economic burdens that have continually tn be borne by the taxpayers.”

Ninth Victory Loan

Plans are now being made in Ottawa for the launching of the Ninth Victory Loan, ‘a. reminder, by the way, that this war is still going on. But, according to a staff dispatch from the Capital to the Financial Post, Toronto. the Ninth Loan will be launched in October and there will not then be another flotation. until the autumn of i946.

This leads to the belief that the objective for the Ninth Loan may be larger than its predeces- sors. “One important change," the Past rc- ports, "will be an adjustment of the present pay- roll deduction plans. In the Ninth Loan, PM‘ roll deduction will be for twelve and not six months as in the past. This means that if sub- lcribcrs can be persuaded to continue at their present rate of deduction, the amount of their subscription would he doubled."

That is simply to say that it will be doubled as far as the Ninth Loan 15 concerned, though it would itiake no difference to the subscribers, who would invest tlic same amount over the twelve-month period as in two six-month per-

Thc various economic readjustmcnts fol- lowing the close of the European phase of the war mav make some difference in the Loan re- sult, but most people should be thoroughly Loan-conscious by this time and most of them do realize what 3.11 easy anti-satisfactory way of saving is tllus provided. 'l'his, in itself, to- (other with consciousness of the war task yet to he completed in the Pacific. and of the con- tinuing danger of inflation, should insure the success of the Ninth and al-l succeeding Loan drives.

Ghannel Tunnel’? _

According to Premier Jones the Federal authorities do not regard the P. F. I. funnel project seriously, Dr. Grant, M. P. to the con trary notwithstanding. Be that as it may, it is reported from Paris that French financiers in- tend to resurrect the Enghsh Channel tunnel scheme, and are seeking British sanction for the oroposal. - ,

‘That the scheme should be revived at this time raises the question of comparative costs of travel and freight movements. With regular fast -ir services between England and the continent ‘t might be difficult to secure sufficient pass- ingcrs to niztkc the tunnel pay. As to freight, it is still cll lper to ship by sea. It is not likely

the proposal will go through, says the London Frn Pr“: in its review of the matter. The cost is estimated at between $00,000,000 and $150,000,000 and there arc many other post- war ventures which hold better prospects of success. t

It was as far back as I856 that a French engineer, Thomas dc Gamond. submitted to Napoleon III a plan for a tunnel under the English Channel. He was joined in this idea by the British engineers Brnnel, Look and Ste- phenson. Queen Victoria and the Prince Con- sort were enthusiastic. After years of discus- sion a‘ convention with the French Government to regulate it was signed in I875.

Then the bitter rivalry of two English rail- ways, the South Eastern and the Chatham and Dover Railway, created difficulties. The poli- ticians began to appear on rhe scene. Gladstone, Bright, Lord Lansdowne and Lord Salisbury were keen supporters. Joseph Chamberlain and the War Office opposed it. The subject was referred to a joint committee of both I-louses of Parliament. Lord Wolseley, representing the army, was resolutely opposed. The com- mittcc voted against this plan, six tn four. Since that time all British governments ltave rejected the idea.

-EDiI'ORIAL NUItS_.

Tomorrow’ St. Swithiifs Day. _ ‘ ‘ ' The Sea Cadets

go into camp at Pownal Monday. t

iii!‘

The 42nd Brigade of the Reserve Army at

Beach Grove break camp today. a- 1: 1r i.

Because H. M. C. S.‘ Charlottetowwn is no longer a corvette but a frigate, the City is dc- nied the opportunity of acquiring it at “fire sale price" for NivahozCadet headquarters.

l!

Leave for volunteers for the Pacific in cer- tain instances have been considerably curtailed. A Defence Department spokesman said the de- partment is attempting to give all men 30 clear days at home, but this is not always possible, es- pecially when their services are required for the establishment of facilitzes for training the

Canadian Far East Force. a- x

i; o

The storming of the Bastille of Paris took place this date I739; associated with despotism, the Bastille was destroyed by an enraged popu- lace with every accompaniment of violence and bloodshed; the date has ever since been observ- ed as the Fete Nationale, in commemoration of thebeginning of freedom from oppression, the beginning of the French Revolution; three years later the First Republic was proclaimed; Louis XVl was guillotined in I793, and his queen, Marie Antoinette in fklle ‘Fall of the same year.

A_ reduction of between 25 and 40 Cents a ton 1n the price of bituminous or soft coal will he felt by industrial concerns and other big users of this type of fuel as a result of the lift- mg of the War Exchange Tax 0n coal and coke. The amount of the reduction will de- pend upon the type and amount of the coal Used. Small consumers and householders will not generally be affected by the. reductionsjircc the Government is now paying subsidies to big companies to enable them to supply small con- sumers within the price ceiling.

O ¥ i S

We used to padlock speak-casies here, but the practice for some reason or other went out of fashion. In Montreal, under the new set-up of City_ Council, which is considered much more responsible and trustworthy than the old, thg System is not only maintained, but reconi- mended to be extended. A Committee has just recommended the police director be recommend- ed or_be empowered to padlock establishments that. violate the liquor law or contravene the city ordinances. Despite innumerable difficulties more than 2,000 prostitution premises have been padlocked in I5 years, the committee pointed

011i.

lit!

The question of a hi-cameral eral legislative body for F live issue between General moderate elements one hand, and the

0r tmi-cam- rance has become a dc Gaulle and other in the government, on the more pronounced leftist groups on the other. The latter favor a single chamber because they believe it would be nmrc readily and rapidly responsive to popular will, would be more susceptible to control of well- Oflianlled leftist parties, and could be counted on to advance social and economic reforms more decisively. General dc Gauile is said to be seized with the importance of “making haste slowly" in rebuilding France's power and proc- perity from the collapse of I940, and to sense the value of an upper chamber as a brake On efforts to do too mtich too quickly. In any "em- h¢ "Hues that the people themselves should have the final say and that they should not ‘be compelled to pass a snap judgment on hastily concocted proposals. s n- u w

According to an announcement by Defence Headquarters personnel returned from overseas may wear the formation patch of any British or Canadian format-ion with which they served. The wearing of more than one formation patch is not permitted, but where men have served with more than one formation the patch worn will he left to the discretion of the individual. This does not apply to Pacific force volunteers who are permitted to wear a miniature cape patch superimposed on their present divisional pat- ches. The distinguishing patch of s British or Canadian formation may only be worn if the personnel actually served with such formation. For example, if a soldier had served in a Can- adian division in the Eighth Amiv he‘ would be entitled to wear his divisional‘ patch, but tint the Eighth Army patch unless he had serv- ed at Army Headquarters, or with army troops proper. The wearing of distinguishing patches

Th6 lonlsAir hm in to be re- dllf-‘ed l-O about mthlrd of its pre- s?!" fllffllkth. is a consider- lbl° cl"- lfllf- Sill! leaves great. sffflikth. Moreover, if realistic gov- ernments m d to office m future. the ml cry permlttl 9- Pllhld tnoreaseln ar power wt. be kep; well oiled. — Brsntford Exposl r.

beet

that stick t _ . and: of men‘ fin that the aliases of elr school days cling even after they reach manhood, There 1s for instance one soft-spoken, amiable. peace-loving person we know p110. in mldcile age, is still called Biff" by al s friends, Slmbly because. l: 1e explains, lie was always the smallest boy in his class and therefore had to lick every other kid in the room be- fore life could be bearable-Wind- sor Star,

War. the Great Interruption, lul made no nation rich. They live tn a fools paradise who think that the Age of Magnfilcence wlll bloom for the world immediately peace la restored. It cannot. Sob- erly. patiently, with many trials and many errors, men and nations wlll have to work their problems out. Food will come first, shelter next, health and public weal ln their train. Security from fear must be established, before an can know security from-want. Ptgrlms bi a 116W H89. We must all go forward together-but let us keep at. least. one foot. upon the ground. It will be safer stat-Victoria Colonist.

The baby talk of infants aged from eight to nine months has been analyzed by Mlss Mary E. Sheridan, assistant school medical officer of Manchester, who dis- covered, according to The London Dally Mall, that: When a baby says "Mum, mum" or "Dad, dad," 1t ls not speech but sheer expert- ment 1n producing sounds through the vocal cords. Miss Sheridan says that "baby talk" goes on too long. usually with the neglected child whom nobody troubles to talk to, or with the spoilt child whose parents consider this defec- tlve mode of speech charming.

The department, might very well glve consideration to the appoint- ment of lnspectators for the pur- pose of making certain that any car or any truck is 1n flt condi- tlon for the roads. They should have the power to prevent such cars being used if they are con- vinced they are unroadworthy. Cars get. out of order sometimes very easily, but: the public would have the satisfaction of knowing that at some period during the year every car or truck has been adjudged safe to drlve. Inspectors should be permitted to stop cars at any time, or any place, to test the brakes, see that the mechanism ls tn good working order, look over the tlres and otherwise make sure that the car is flt to be on the road-Owen Sound Sun-Times.

Science 1s convinced that the in- creasing incidence of heart failure ls due almost entirey to the ln- ordinate rpeed of odern llvlnz, coupled with its complexities. which make for worry and mental and nervous strain. It seems obvious, therefore, that we have to slow down and live simpler lives. This ts not easy of accom- plishment. It requires a radical change tn our whole social and business structure. It is not en- tlrely a medical problem, but touches all phases of llfe_, com- merce, industry, government and sociology. It: merits the closest study by all 1n positions of author- lty and Influence. but: a good start can be made lf individuals will seek the best medical advice and then try to adjust themselves and lftlfill‘ activities to lt. - Windsor S ar.

e

There is something about the British courts which draws the ad- mlratlon of the world. Take the

case of Wtlllam Joyce. Here !s a man charged with high treason to the British Crown, the gravest charge the United Kingdom could lay. But to see that this man who turned to serve the enemy cf mankind, to guarantee this man who sought a system under which justice always was a mockery, might. have every facility to beat the Crown prosecutor on his own ground, the court has announced that it wlll provide not one but two attorneys for the defence. There is British justice at its best. If Joyce, alias Lord Haw Haw, should be able to prove his in- nocence, lt would be in no small measure through the efforts of the services gtvexi hlm without obliga- tion. - Montreal Star. ,

According to 1. news report the people out tn Squamtsh, B.C., have developed something which has been the dream of beekee s and ptcnlckers for many years-a sting- ess bee. Needless to say the peo- ple of Squamlsh seem to be happy about the whole thing. Nothing ls sald about the bees’ feelings tn the matter, however. It must be pretty discouraging to any thought- ful bee sittliig on the from porch of the hlve of an evening, to real- ize that he has no way of trig the honey he has been ing by a lot of hard work he heat of the day. About all he can do tn the event of intruders Ls buzz furiously and appeal perhaps, vain- ly, to the local rent control boarrl. Under such conditions lt would not be surprlslnl 1f the number of drones increased out of all propor- tion. Now lf someone would ills- cover a way to produce a race of stlntzlesa mosquitoes, that would reall be wort-h while. - Winni- peg lbune.

.11-

Tho dlf‘ rence between an Im- pressive meal and a scrum ttous one has been definite] estab ished by Master Sergeant orrls Snyder of Baltimore, late mess sergeant for Sheet in Parts. Interviewed by the Baltimore Sun soon after he got home, Sergeant Sn der said that at the Allied hea quarters there were two menus for V.I.P.'.»~. -veq important people-one dc- slgned to impress and the other to provide "a b8 feed."

mtgnon, cnmembert cheese and bak- ed Alacka. On the second menu were listed such items as rout beef, baked Potatoes. peas, stewed fruits and plenty of steaming coffee. ‘Iliat the supreme commander was a partisan of the second menu is in- dlfiflled b! Befkennt. Snyder's re- velation that General Eisenhower's favorite dishes at Parts were Bos-

on shoulder straps is not authorized under any circumstances.

luff: ligtiilgr.besiiiiiieriililityiiiiolasse"

Rewdfvlt-Inwt of Jo

announced 1min , time well culminated enemy elqpeototton- 0f

act Iumrvlaton a slkntficaait. It was ti- ults

a use. , "pi-epam flier amphibious assaults."

to Army command with MacArthur‘;

Budrener. ‘Phat was followed

from Luzon to Okinawa. Unquestlonahlq

forces involved

air-sen squeeze on Japan and pave the way for invasion of the home islands would set out. from Okin- awa. ASSl-lmlng that the 10th Army as well as the 7th Afr Fore; now also L1 directly under MacArthur, he has available on that pivotal Japanese lsliuid both the troop: and the tactical alr units for close support of a new overseas sweeep. The rezrouplng 1s significant. also of the changing situation beyond the Pacific as Allied siege lines close in on Japan. In previous island-by island operations. except the re- turn to the Phllllplnes, relatively small landing forces were necess-

Y3’.

‘Ithe invasion of Japan's home islands when it comes, however, will be a different matter. It will take full-scale troop movements under protection and support of

iilr power. That ls what the re- grouplng of commands both 1n all‘

ls close nt hand or will be launched

anese coasts have been secured.

The Vials Of Wrath

(Ottawa Journal)

Seizure by United States forces

Germany of the management. assets and plants of the giant. I. G. Farbenlndustrle strikes a stag- gering blow to Germany's future. It was in the laboratories and plants cf I.G. that Hitler built bls mighty war machine. The story of LG. ls set out ivlth dramatic power in a chapter, "The Vials of Wrath", c1 that remark- able book, Germany's Master Plan, It ts a story that reaches back to the industrial revolution of the 19th century, to the discovery by the oung English chemist, Henry Perkl], of aniline dye from coal tar, Perkins neglect by the Brltlsh and his acceptance by the Germans, making the German grlp on the dyestuffs industry se- cure. From that; day onward Ger- man scientists were on the march, and as early as the Franco-Prus- sian war the ancestors of I. Fnrben were powerful going con- cerns. In the war of 1914-18 1G. play- ed lts part, and a mighty one, but its real coming to power was in the years of Hitler, when the ln- dustry the mightiest. chemical ag- gregation in all the world, repre- sented the acme of pan-Germanlsm ln the economic sphere. I.G._ 1n fact. was the chief advance agent of the Third Reich 1n the letters pre-war machinations. not only for the purpose of hewlnrt out the ulti- mate features of the conquests sought by Germany, but to sap the economic structure of the chosen opponents. In the Four Years‘ Plan promulgated 1n 1936, it was an- nounced that “powerful factories wlll built, according to their urgency. We shall begin with these for armanent. purposes: that is more urgent. Then comes fac- tories which are in other ways needed to make the Four Years’ Plan a reality...” 1t. could have been added truthfully that this plan fitted neatly into the schemes of world-domination nursed by Nazi militarism. I.G. went on to build up an ln-, dustrlal and chemical empire

celved of before. It was not only a. cartel; it built up a series of cartels, stuck its tentacles into the economic life of every continent. It manufactured explosives, mag- nesium, toxic smokes and gases and synthetic petroleum and rubber. Its phystca plant included mines, railways and vast tracts cf pro- party, and the number of its em- ployee was 350,000. There was something almost awesome about the scale of its operations. And when Hitler's armies marched over Europe I.G.’s agents and chemists were behind them to acquire out.- rlght ownership of the European chemical industry. It was all part of the “Master Plan." Now, almost as resounding as the crash of Hitler's armies, the great empire of LG. passes into the hands of the United States armies, its future to become art of the job of the Allied occupation of Germany. With that; job done well, Germany's power to make war ln the future should be lessened tremendously.

mightier than anything ever con-i

control n1 ali- power in the Basilio, c.

to Gen. MacAmt-hursldlur; D9881‘! Eileen

wcliht to Ad- tz’ Promise of can't-killed to fur-

In effect the change completes the tranfser if Qkinawahlfgm Navy W

assignment of Gen. Btllwell to lead the 10th Army based there ‘after the dentin 1n oc- tlon of its former commnader, the transfer of the 7th Al: I'm-old