TCHARLOTTETOWN g GUARDIAN. ’

NEWSY

.uu.

'Ooopara.tion lntheform of e Mlnheting Board is inevitable if the fmner is to get a. lair reward for his labor. and it is just like "those slow miglish" to lead the way, The probe at OJAPAZ. has made it plain that Just as soon as the farmer or grower increases his production. in obedience to those w assert that such a. course will

a note to The Guardian will brin the required information.

_ OILFHANAGE RHORII.‘

The report o! the Matron of the .Orplla.liagc at Mount Herbert is excellent reading. It is in earnest 'and thoughtful document, and [brings out some points which re- lquiru the careful consideration of

" g home the bacon," down goes! the public gefleiaily. There are, it

the price on the plea that the mar- ket is overstocked. (Tobacco, for

‘seems. several “low grade mental ‘ pupils" (in other words mentally de-

' CANADIAN oannuvu AND

M: JB. Singleton. Dairy Com- mssoner d: ounadu, Dominion ne-l psrtment of Agriculture. has lust‘

‘arrived home from the ioth World}:

Dairy Congress which was held at l Rama. oh his honteward Journey} during an offical vi-s t to the United l Kingdom. he found that. so sails-I factory was the qual 1y of Canadienl cheese. the princpal importers hadi

‘Blue and. Orange Daisies

instance, fell from 30 cents a lnuud‘

FR R, sK BREEDERS A snmsn null |lnuslny

I l

the way. We have two South Af- rican daisies fairly common in 88.:- dens now, tejillclng in the, botantcal names of arctotis or blue-eyed daisy. and dimorpliotheca, or orange African daisy. They are close rel- atives botanicn-lly and other near relatives are on the way to our_ger.- dent: in the venldiums and urs nias, all brillant daisy types.

The arctotis is a gray-leaved an- nual producing an abundance of snowy white daisies ‘with s blue center and blue stains on the re- verse of white petals. The dm- orphotheca. type tone is a burnt or- ange of glistening quality that. has moved some Bflfdeners to call them “patent leather" daisies. Tho dim- orphothecas, however, also have white forms and a variety of tones

FATTENEli

m nlljuln

suoonsswl. ween!!! RANGE LAMB u

The Department d: Agriculture It Ottawa. at the requeflt °1 “h” Mm“ em sdslgitchewen Wool Growers Association. mole _ Owflt- "tum" took the ‘rosnflflllbflly lu the W! °! lust year of locating ma» o! Out- ario 18.111160! who would feed m! fatten lots of feeder r5080 lambs. Ag a. result over 3.000 lambs from the range, a; the ranlfli members of the

JUNE30 1934

mrnzsmo AND A m my. INDUSTRY-FEEDING

mo. rmzs WINNING FOXEB- mtritnr mnuuvd NECES- asn! TO rim‘ nssULTS-WME Qunenons AND ANSWERS uvu Pox AUCTION SALES

We are all familiar with luctlofl

them, tex. that is m

time

keeping an eye to the requiiemulw of breedin8. is PPOOf enough um they speak with authority.

BHJOGNIZED EXPERTS The writer is purposely stress; .

his point of feeding foxes, ._ show winners do know their b

ND ‘G-AARDDENERS]

FUR FARMING and 11s ACTIVITIES

wgy um we N01‘ M" fofeedtheirfoxeeipcoaxoutev ‘ l uvusuigrx AUCTION s/iuzsr- bit ‘o! potential 0010!‘. "y span Auonous wovw as, ture and depth of fur DEVI-FIT; them. That they can repeat W, yearly, priming their foxes at the Msruobs usan m rsonuc- propel‘ season, at the same

Isles of fox pelts. but B0 fl!‘ the writer has not heard of any live fox auction sales. Probbbly 91° time 15 not yet ripe for the conduct of auc- tion sales of live foxes. but the writ- »er believes that sooner or later this development will take place. Amonl the bidders will be fur dealers, no- vicee and uteblished breeders. The owners would of course be entitled to buy in thrl: own animals if they thought. the prices offered too low.

Newcomers to the industry. i910!‘- ant of values. would feel a. confid-

.BC‘[i\f95l who take up the teacher's no Jggestionsto makeastohow fur-' to 20 cents. in a month after the lime and patience, almost without ther “mprovements could be effect- » 1:10p was harvested, and in one case résult. I have in mind a school ed. and furthermore all evidence pro- L; a ilrvwer was compelled to take 1e whet-sf there wasone (only) mental- ved that the standard of grading mcems a pound under pressure Ol ly deicczivc boy of energetic and in Cenadlaboth of butter and cheese _ gnecessity. Sc wcil has me probe erratic habits, and the teacher was fully met the exacting demands of worked that the price of‘ tobacco Qbmpletljiy at-s loss how to deal the Brltsh consumer. In reviewing hes been set. volimiariiy. by the with him. when he left the district the condition of the British dairy .- buyers, at 21 cents w as cents for a year later he had put the school industry, Mr. singleton sad "Dur- the next five years, and it is safe back about six months in its educa- ins‘ mcent years there has been e to say the. the purchase will still NOD81 progress. Possibly the parents considerable increase in milk pro- be profitable.) Well, to get on with and trustees did not think cf the duction :‘n the United Kingdom. due type gem. Qf the largest order of the pigs. 'lbe English "Pigs Mark- cause of the trouble, but, as the more to hwrease in the averagehlgwgflng planks, hotdhlcsuy speak- etlng Board’ has been in operatbu custom was (and to some extent Production of milk per 00W Per Bh-

Assobietion were successfully m!!!“ eyed g5 finished lambs. The Ontario farmers with whom the lambs were pIQQBd grew all their own P0081118” for the most part. althmlflh 501119 feeders fed mixed timothy and clo- ver hay. The best results were ob- tained where hay and dill!!!» W1’! was ful. Oats amstiuited the main grain feed for the first month after the lambs went on dry fwd- T319 grain mxture was tlhen gradually changed to include barely and

ranging from cream to the typical rich burnt orange. they delight in the hottest place in the garden. seeming to prefer 3, rather dry sit- uatbn and bloom veiy freely. They are handsome cutting material ex- cept for one drawback-they rnust have their sleep. So each eveninif the plant closes its eye and they are useless for evening effects. Dimorphoiheca, Eitlanis is a new white type of larger growth than the orange and a very fine cutting

iness. They are experts in breed iug angrraisifig high quality fox for the show ring and indugu-l purposes as well. Their" fwd!

schedules are not to be Colifollnde with those of theorists who km all about a vitamin or a rarbu

drate, but little or nothing .. a fox. The feeding schedule be} produced six first prize winnp

two seconds and two thirds. Fox fed in this manner have to bg- re koned with at fox shows. It will ,

“Daislf is a common ten-n applied w almpsl’. anything in the way of a bloom with strap-shaped ray flow- ers about a solid center. It is the

L11‘; ‘...‘;...'.... cm» nuv-IARQOQEIQR! w

f had shown exceptional ability; and when they leave, be able to take

eight months and seems to be sat- isiactoly, for the Board states it has ; contracts for the ten month p61?‘ lod <March to December, for 1,317,-: 259 bacon pigs.“ To improve the‘ producer's machinery iu this ex- panding home industry, i‘. is ecu- sidered imperative to strengnen‘ the executive staff by adding a con- trolling ofllcer with a ulurfluSll knowledge of pig production andl bacon curing, which may be still closer allied if the Pig industry De- yelopment Board matures." I The post was widely advertised and there was a wide cho.:e of ap- l plicants, but most were unsuitabkz. 'Ihe Board finally elccied one oi‘ their own members as gen- " eral manager with a salary. of £2,600 ($10,000) per annum. l This was an entirely practical move, for the men selected, a Mr. David Black, had been a member of the Board since its inception, and

-- was himself a farmer. with a farm‘

--of 650 acres in. Silffolk. He had “heads up and eyes front!"

awmembe n. whose will is expressed

‘ , g ‘rm oitnms or nvsacrs

' "mains have been found embedded

the hind wings dissimilar from the ' front wings, being wider; all

" qpose are held vertically. The eyes

~ fleneva, but resigned these "to his new duties. The aim cf the ‘MBoard was to secure a. practical jarmer for the position, and paying a salary comme suratc with]

Mto the public weal rather than to‘ “his own. The newspapers "roast"

_ to the end of our provisional scheme;

' Dragon-files is the last but one of

been for eight years chairman of

- ms st. Edmundsbui-g (impel-amp I have known people churlishly re-

Baoon Factory, had representedl Suffolk on the council of the Na-f tionsl Farmers’ union for 15 years‘ and was agricultural adviser to the] British employers‘ delegates at the International Labor Conference at D051“ tions to devote his whole attention

by

his abilities, to ensure is devotion

him about being the Pig Dictator, but that is just chaffing; the real dictators in any British oooperat» ive organization are the united

through their mouthpiece, the Board of directors.

We have at length come almost

of classification: the Odonata or the Orders. The Dragon-flies are

an old family and their fossil re-

in ancient geological strata. Their modern representatives are smaller, but their habits are much the san-ic; they haunt swampy places and ‘prey on smaller flies. The Dragon flics proper have arc held horizontally in repose. The peyes which are exceedingly largc and beautiful, are not stalked. They are large flies. the body being in the neighborhood of 50 millimet- N-s in length. The smaller Odonata. are called Damoel flies. Their hind wings re- semble the fore wings, and in re-

are constricted at the base and. consequently appear as if stalkedi Both groups are graceful and expert‘ fliers, going "into reverse" as easily. as they fly forward.

The life history of the Odonata is» a most curious one. The eggs are deposited on stems of water-plants. or on wood work lust below the surface of the water. when they hatch, the resulting larvae and ‘nymphs an entirely aquatic; fsro~l citrus inhabitants of ponds and. rivers, they have extensile mouth-l parts that can suddenly reach for-‘

,ly winning a place as a social cen- Itre, too. This is as it should be, for

still is), laid the blame on the teacher. To have several of these defectives amongst the children at the Orphanage is an ordeal which few teachers with experience would care lo fart. Children, too, are highly lmiillLlVE, and readily take up the actions and languages of their schoolmates, no matter how eccentric; and so the teacherss ef- forts to instil the rudiments of cor- rect behaviour are nullified by the presence of these unfortunates. This is a serious problem to solve. but for the sake of the normally- mirided children it must be faced and with as little delay as may be.

The Orphanage itself, I note, is progressing splendidly under the care and attentive supervision of the popular Matron. It is evident-

the "children will not feel themselves "cut off from the world” and will,

their rightful places in society with In the old days, now happily past.|

fuse to give a donation to the Or- phanage on the ground that the children there had care, privileges and equipment to which their own children were strangers. Well, the deeper anything is sunk the strong- er must be the "pry." Many of the children come from homes which have been wrecked i from one cause 0r other, and it requires ideal conditions in their all-too- brief formative years, to turn them into good citizens, and a credit to our little Province.

An incident which I noted last summer, will help to make the pub- lic recognize the value of this In- stitution. I was present when two former wards of the Orphanage drove some miles, in their own car, to visit their old teacher. They were a married couple and had their children with them, and from a kindly sentiment had named one of them "after" the teacher, as the liniglish would say. When I looked at the bright and happy faces of the group I realized that here was a tangible pIOOi of the good work that the Orphanage has ac- complished in the past, and a happy omen for the future.

THE RODHATTE ROSE

Not all the "Gardening Service" notes in-our admirable page get me enthused: some, I suspect, are for other climes than ours. For example. the illustration of the Lima, Bean was -a capital picture, but I tried this been years ago, and in my hands at least, it was em- phatically N.G. Has any reader been successful with, the Idme?

However I heartily endorse all the good things said last Saturday ancnt the Polyantha. Pompon rose

num than an increase in the num- ber of cows. It is sad that within the past six or seven years the aver- age production of‘ milk per cow has been increased by about 750 pounds. As a result there is an over-supply of milk in the flud milk market to the extent of about 20 per cent in winter and 40 per cent in summer. Handling this over-supply of fluid milk has caused some difficulty and more cheese factories. particularly in the north of Elngland, as well as more cfeameries, are bang estab- llshed.

"Milk used for cheesemaking in British cheese factories 0011185 with- ‘n the scorpe of the lViilk Marketing Board. but milk manufactured into cheese on farms does not. Conse- quently there has been a. consider- able diversion of milk from the manufacture of cheese on fam-is to the milk Marketing Board. In order to encourage diversion of mlk to the manufacture of cheese, the British Government now proposes loaning to the Board about 7,500,000 for the pimpose cf stabifzlng from now until March 31. 1935, milk for cheesemakng at 5d (10 cents) per gallon in summer and 6d (l2 cents) D91‘ gallon in winter. It is under- stood that the British Government will loan a. further ammmt of money in order to stabilize prices of milk for cheesemaking art the some levels during the year 1936. If by that time, the value of milk for cheesemaking has reached a level somewhat above the stabilized val- ues mentioned a-bove, the Bonrdistp undertake repayment 0d.’ the loan, but if the cheese market has not by that time advanced sufficiently to raise the value of milk for cheese- maklng to the specified level, the loan is not to be repaid and becomes a direct subsidy.

“Quantities of butter and cheese reaching the United Kingdom are greater than during the previous year. and while supplies, both dc- mestic and imported, remain 55 great as at present, it is difficult to $98 how the market over there can make my very appreciable arty-an.

during his recent visit, carefully revised the manuscript (for which he is hereby thanked) and furn- ished many helpful suggestions, and also a number of notes on Nova Scotlan birds which are also found here, It is unlikely that the revis- ed list is complete in every respect, but it ls a great advance in our knowledge o! the Island birds and deserves to be placed on perman- ent record.

The ornithologists of former years, like the older botanists, had very imperfect text-books for zuidances. and consequently many errors crept into their lists. They paved the way for us, however, and we honor their memories. In Nova. Scotia the knowledge of the birds

called Rodhatte. a name which I

translate as “Redcap? I have ale!‘ foundation, since each species has‘ bush Just, commg my.) bloom, anl-fa representative housed in the Pro—|

it will keep if. up till frost strikes again. The flowers, of a bright‘ cherry red. grow in clusters, and! are open. and not quite semi-double. The foliage is large glossy, and: healthy-looking. The splash of

of the Province L; placed on a sm__|"l0ng bow," discarding the cumbrous

vincial Museum. Is it too muclrto hope that such a course will, at some future date, be pursued here?

In the meantime, in order to sat- isfy the desires of my teacher friends I hope shortly to give the

color in that particular comer at- Tel/BM 115i 1H lnitllmehtli, 1h tlv-‘Sul tracts the eye of the visitor at once. Notes. and sussttt that they may‘

I am by no means an expert rosar- ian but Rodhatte fortunately does not call for much attention. I cut each stem down in the fall to about three "eyes" and heap a little mound of earth over it as protec-

be preserved for reference. A NEW PBDVERB

From Newcastle comes a new pro- verb expressed in the Ncrthumbrian

mg, the composites. so cal-led be- cause each individual flower or "daisy" i; in reality e oompmilo arrangement of a. great many small flowers in one head. Daisies of var- .0115 forms are among one most graceful and decorative of all the garden flowers and always popular. for cutting.

South Africa has given us some fine daisy types and others are 0h

Cutting Hay At ‘ The Right Time

(Experimental Farms Note)

As the season approaches for making hay it is well to remember that the feed ng value of the hay will be determined very largely by the stage at which it is cut. This fact is emphasized by the experiments conducted on the Dominion EX- perifnen-tal- Fnmis. Harvested at the riglht time and properly cured. e- palataible and highly nutflitoils feed is assured, but if cutting is delayed until] the seed is formed. there is a. serious loss in digestibility and feeding value. In spite of the fact that hay in Eastern Canada mp1?- sents a. large proportion of the annual value of all field crops, the hay crop is neglected to a greater extent than any other.

Much of the hay crop consists of a. mixture of clover and tifncthy. Since clover usually predominates in the first crop year, the hay shmlld be cut wihen the clover is needy. This is in the eerily bloom stage. Early cutting of the clover promotes a better second growth and gives a better seed crop. In the second crop yeor, cutting should be- gin at the best stage for timothy. This is when ‘the plants are fully headed and not later than full bloom. When timothy is harvested before blooming. there is sufficient digestible proetin for cows pm- ducing eight to ten pounds of milk. wheneas if the hay is not cut until the seed is formed it is barely good enough to supply a malnteance ration.

from the enemy's book, was Pam-de- berg possible. The Great War open-i ed with a series of misfortunes to= the British Expeditionary Forces! but in the long run the Allies were victorious.

In the two hundred years of war- fare between the Scottish and the‘ English, from Bimnockbilm in 1314 to ZFlodden in 1513, one notices the same phenomenon. The earlier bat- tles were marked by an immense slaughter and almost invariable de- feat of the English. who tried to meet the best pikemen in Europe with their own weapons in close combat. When the English saw their error and assiduously perfect.- cd themselves in the use of the

cross-bow, the "cloth-yard shaft“ with the grey goose feather, told heavily against our northern neigh- bore.

Some weeks ago I gave a short ac-

count of the battle of Flodden, and. to be impartial will contribute an account of the battle of Olterbum which was fought by moonlight on August 19th, i386. Froisscrt, the courtly secretray, of King John of France. is cur best authority. he travelled through England and Scotland. and took down from eve- witnesses all the details of this hotly-contested engagement. Otter-burn lies about thirty miles

plant. It is an enlarged arctotis in effect. The iuillantly colored veni- dums which have created a furor in England and are On their Wfly l0 U5. are really dinwmhotoms. HCWFdlHE to some botanists.

You cannot do better than to plant these daisies for a brillazit dis- play in some hot, sunny Spot In your garden where other annuhlfi don't do so well.

Seed Registration Organization

The organization cf seed 0WD in‘ specter-i and of the registration of seed crops from gencnaticn Y0 gell- eration was undertaken and carried out until 1905 as a function of the Dominion Department of AgYicl-ll‘ burg, The registrat on of plants 91'0- pagating stock was new then, at least in Canada; but as soon as the prcgess of organizing had led to the establishment of basic principles. and the Omiadan seed Growers’ Association was effectively con- stituted. and the registration 0f seed craps and the esmblifihmefit 0f standards for that. purpose became the exclusive duty and responsibz- lit/y of that associatcn. The Dom- inian Department of Agriculture. Mr. Gl-I. Clarke, Dominion Seed Ccmmssioner, points out, continued to provide the service of seed crop inspection; and the report oi.’ the inspector, showing a detailed an- alyss of the seed crop on the form prescribed by the Seed Growers’ Association, was the principal guide to the executive thereof in. its de- termination as to whether or not the seed crop was eligible for regis- tration. The Association has always been at liberty to appoint or des- ignate inspectors of seed crops other than those who have been availablu from the Department of Agricul- ture. It is largely because inspec- tors employed by the Dominion Seed Branch have been in a position to do work 1n conjunction with num- erous other duties at substantially lower cost to the grower than could be made possible by other inspect-