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Covers Prince Edward Island Like The Dev W. J. Hancox. Publisher

Burton Lewis Frank Walker Executive Editor Editor

Published every week day morning (enept Sun~ days and statutory holidays) at l65 Prince Street. Charlottetown, P.E.l.. by Thomson Newspapers Ltd. Branch offices at Summerside. Montague. Alber- ton and Souria.

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man‘s SATURDAY. MARCH 9. 1963. How Was That Again?

Party spokesmen are not making as many pledges in this election campaign as they did in the last. though perhaps it is too soon to com- pliment them on this score. Hon. Paul Martin’s speech here on Thurs- day night, at any rate, contained one definite pledge of interest to all concerned in our fishery industry. He is reported as having promised that if no agreement on territorial water limits can be reached, the Liberals will see that the 12-mile fishing limit is enforced.

Mr. Martin didn't say just how it is going to be enforced. Probany he didn’t want Fisheries Minister J. Angus MacLean to know, or he would be doing it himself and taking cred- it for it. But it really is going to be quite a trick, in view of the attitude of Washington on this matter as indicated in a news despatch in our issue of last Wednesday.

The United States, it seems. considers the Gulf of St. Lawrence as part of the high seas and not Canadian territorial waters. It rec- ognizes only Canada’s rights to the usual three~mile territorial lim- it of the Gulf coastline. In 1960 both countries joined in calling for a six-mile territorial limit for ship- ping and a 12-mile territorial limit for fishing around the world, but this failed to get the necessary two- thirds approval. When the proposal was rejected, the US. reverted to its previous position, recognizing only a three-mile territorial limit for its own and other countries' coastlines. The same dispatch quoted Prime Minister Diefenbaker as saying. in view of what has happened, th a t any Canadian unilateral action to declare a lZ—mile limit would have dangerous implications.

Now isn’t this a queer situation? Mr. Diefenbaker is depicted in this campaign as the anti-Washington guy, and Mr. Pearson and his follow- ers as the champions of good-neigh- borliness. Mr. Martin underlined this idea in his address when he insisted that "Canada-United States relations must not be strained at this time of history." Yet it is Mr. Diefenbaker, and not his opponents, who foresees “dangerous implic- ations" in trying to enforce, unilater- ally, a measure that Washington will not recognize; and it is the Liberals who are saying, in effect: “The heck with Washington. We’ll do what we like!”

W h e r e would Canada-United States relations be then? We wish Mr. Martin had told us. He is so con- cerned about having them strained when it’s Mr. Diefenbaker that's doing the straining, that’s he’s got us all confused. Does he mean that Uncle Sam wouldn't mind if we strained them a bit so long as we got rid of that man Diefenbaker, or what? Surely he doesn’t propose to go to war with our good neigh- bors on the subject!

University Problem

All across Canada, there is con- cern about providing for the in- crease in students who will be en- rolled i‘n the nation’s universities. According to one authority, the num- ber is expected to triple in the pres- ent decade, presenting a major problem for both governments and university authorities.

With such huge expenditures in- volved. more and more attention will have to be given to available apnea facilities to make sure that thus an put to maximum use. preliminary investigation of has taken place, but

not nearly as much as in the United States where the pressure of stud- ent enrolment is ever greater than it is here.

Interesting in this connection is a. Ford Foundation report compiled at the end of last year by Dr. John Dale Russell, a leading specialist in space utilization studies. Dr. Rus- sel is reported as telling the Com- mittee on Higher Education in New York State that “if classrooms were used to the greatest extent possible during the day and evening all through the year, present class- rooms could handle four times the present number of students."

Writing in the same vain in a recent issue of the Saturday Re- view, Chancellor Edward H. Litoh- field of the University of Pitts- burgh says: “Educators and legisla- tors have greeted it (the trimester system operating in his own uni- versity) as a means of getting more efficient use of existing educational plants, which cost the same to main- tain whether they are operated eight, nine or eleven months of the year. The plan, if adopted nation- wide. could reduce the $10 billion needed in the next decade for new facilities to about $6 billion.”

The time has come for a Cana- dian assessment of this proposal. which surely would be as advantage- ous here as it is claimed it would be in the United States. And it has been suggested that American as well as Canadian experience should be examined if the problems in fin- ancing that. confront our univer- sities are to he faced realistically.

They Need The Funds

Attention is called to the ap- peal. in our advertising columns, of the Prince Edward Island Hospital and the Charlottetown Hospital for funds to provide expanded services that are required in both institu- tions, in keeping with the needs of the, times. The hospital insurance plan now in force guarantees a ser- vice to the public, but does not pro.- vide the personnel to carry this ser- vice on. Nor does it allow for bank interest payments and other con- tingencies. The hospitals are faced with other problems. which make it more difficult to provide the fac- ilities necessary to diagnose and treat the sick.

We trust that all our readers will study the statements explain- ing this financial campaign in de- tail, and give the appeal their sup- port. The joint objective of the campaign is $200,000. The situation, we are assured, is serious. No citizen who has ever required the services of either hospital need be reminded that it could be very ser- ious in certain emergencies. In the final analysis. appeals of this kind are to our own self-interest and should be recognized as such.

A National Problem

Of interest to all concerned in highway traffic safety are the pro- posals set forth in a brief by the In- ternational Railway Brotherth to the Ontario Cabinet the other day, stressing the continuing dan- gers presented by level railway crossings.

Many a locomotive engineer has had the horrifying experience of seeing a motor vehicle suddenly loom up in front of him, while helpless to avoid striking it. But death at the crossing does not al- ways take place 1n this matter. 01' 444 level crossing accidents through- out Canada ln 1961, 139 were caused by motor vehicles running into the sides of trains.

The problem is a national one, as the railway men emphasize, and grade separation is the final answer. At the rate at which this is pro- ceeding, however, it will take many years to complete the task. Mean- while. it. is stressed that protective devices such as bells and flashing lights are not enough in themsel- ves. A greater effort should be made to improve visibility at level cross- ing approaches. and such work— carried out through federal, provin- cial and municipal co-operation— could be done largely under the win- ter works program.

Another proposal in the brief is that the Ontario Government in- vestigate the possibility of having all motor vehicles equipped with an electronic device to warn motorists of approaching trains. We do not know whether this is practicable, but it will doubtless be taken under consideration.

LETTER TO AN AMERICAN COUSIN

OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick Nicholson

PMs, Not The Voters, Were To Blame

Two million Canadians not be Wrong-

Yet those two million electors, who together voted for the So— cial Credit or New Democratic Parties last June, are now be- ing scolded by spokesmen for the Conservative and Liberal Parties, each of which attract- ed barely more than two mil- lion votes.

“It is dangerous to vote for ‘splinler partics‘." cry these old-party spokesmen. “Canada will be safe only if the electors choose a ‘stable‘ old party gov- ernment. backed by a comfor- table majority," they assert.

can-

This is a denial of the voter's

basic democratic right, to vote for whichever candidate he pre- fers. It is the whine of the pol- itically incompetent running for co r

ve .

Constitutional authorities here have been quick to point out that the electors of each consti- tuency are fully entitled to send whome v e r they collectively choose. to represent them in the Great Assembly of the Na- tion at Ottawa. It is then the re-

PUBLIC FORUM

I commit is open so the discussion

orres pondenle. All letters published are sub ject to editing and condensation when

0 any correspondence regent- lne letters eubmllted.

RE SUMMER TIME

Sin—Last year, Guardian readers will recall. many let- ters were sent to the Pu bllc Forum column in your p a p e 1' concerning daylight Sav i n g Time or Advanced Su mm or Hours. Perhaps the most wide- spread complaint was among the farmers who held that var- ious of their farm chores dc- pended heavily nn an exact time. I believe the case of milk- ing the cows was cited.

At this time I would like to offer a solution to this problem in particular and this solution may. in part, be applicable to

other farm tasks. This is what i ' . tyranny and cruelty

I propose: Do those farm

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iected and paid them

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, stead,

sponsibility of those elected

P3 to arrange to govern the country for five years. The old parties each of which has now been 1' e j e c t e d by the voters within the past six years, have no justification or right to thus hector and harangue the voters. WORK FOR THEIR PAY

The “futile Twenty-fifth" has been called the least effective, just as it was the shortest, Par- Iiamont Canada has ever he . But the fault lay not with the voters who elected a "House of Minorities", but with the elect- ed politicians who failed to work out any coalition or modus viv- endi by which they could per- form the of government for which we the taxpayers sel-

- dragooned moving with

Regimented and political parties, the uniformity of performing seals, and as lacking in indivr- dcality as an old-fashioned mus- ical comedy chorus—which they often resemble—are a compara- tive innovation in the long his- tory of parliamentary govern- ment. But statesmansh-rp and principles and policies are not novelties: by a combination of those, our politicians of many parties should have worked out did their predecessors—a means of giving Canada effic- ient and stable government. In- like petulant children hey picked up their marbles

—8S

u.

rand refused to play.

Our history shows that never

.bcfore have we had anything

jlike the present disruption. pause and

tasks (Le. milk the cows) sayi three minutes earlier each day:

for a period of three weeks just before the advent of Advanced Summer Hours. In this manner when the clocks are advanced for the summer time. the far- mers will still be working at the same hours (on the clock) as were on standard time. By the same token, in the autumn. they can

time just before changing back to standard time.

I do believe that this solution should clear up most of the dif- ficulties concerning summer time and would, if it p r o v e a workable. provide

summer months. I personally believe that this type of under-

standing is necessary before a1 d

while working i

l l r y

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the Island ‘ a

I during The Stalin is Mosmw's current

ex- indeed boredom of the fourth general election with- in 70 months.

This is vivid proof of the men- tal and political bankruptcy of our old parties, which two mil- lion Canadians condcmncd when they cast so many votes for the Social Credit and NDP candi- dates last June.

LESSON 0F HISTORY

Prime Minister Mackenzie King, fa c e d with a similar House of Minorities 40 years ago. made the best of the heter- ogeneous MP5 chosen by voters. He put together a loose coalition which governed Can- ada for nine years. He included under his wing, and finally ab- sorbed, MP5 from French-Can- ada. from BC, from the Mari- time fisheries and from Prairie farms with varied political phll- osophies. What a diverse cara- van was his “Liheral'” Party!

Yet last June the French-Can- adians la 1' gely voted Social Credit, B.C. w o r k e r 3 voted NDP. Newfoundland fishermen voted Liberal and Prairie farm- ers voted Conservative. Mac- kenzie King's omnibus party had fallen apart five years ear- er.

5" {D

The constitutional authorities here question the justification and the moral right of polltlc- ians’ demands that the voters should revise their election choice. Section 50 tution, the British North Amer- Ica Act. says that "Every House of Commons shall continue for five years... (subject to be soon- er dissolved by the Governor General).“ Three parliaments in a row have now been prema- turely ended.

of our constia

Stalin Era Recalled

By Carol Kennedy Canadian Press Staff Writer

The social revolution in the Soviet Union since arch-dichahor Joseph Stalin died it March. 1953. might be called the 10 years that shook the world.

Although it was not apparent at the time. it now is seen Russia as well as outside that Stalin's death ended an era of , born in the

y to days of revolution in November. 1917.

Out of a spate of newspaper articles surveying the Russian scene today. one question looms large —— could another Stalin ever rise to power in the Soviet Union.

CRIMES EXPOSED

Yet in all the debunking of Stalin that has taken place since Nikita Khrushchev took first

_..

do their chores three minutes i era“ at the armored image of

later each day. for the period of “ historic 20th party congress in

_‘ 1956. it

A 3‘ '0

“man of steel" during the

is only recently that Stalin‘s crimes against the or- dinary people of Russia. as op- posed to party members, have beenexposed. A searing book about life in

forced labor camp under

.seller. Yet an almost supersti-

l

bummer time system is put in- ‘

to use so that the farmers as well as urban dwellers may take advantage of the many benefits that Daylight Saving Time has to offer. Also. from the tourist's point of view, (on whom we depend so much as a source of revenue in this pro- vince) it will not prove so baf- fling to them as other years when some used standard time while others used daylight. The need of uniformity with times in other Merltmes Wovlnces is al- so a factor to be considered. I have brought up this topic now because I feel that we the people slnuld have an opportun- ity to do something about our times system before it is too late for the 1963 summer — and by all means before c

R, . has "a telephone in his coffin.

tlous unease linger's around the i on of denouncing Stalin. It la as if. in the words of Russia's "angry young man" poet Y eny Yevtushenko. Stalin stil

‘9 < r

Harry Willetts, a Russian ex- pert writing in The Sunday Tele- graph. says a view wldely held in the West is that Stalinism could not happen again because it was the product of a “speclflc political crisis" — the rapid in-

.dustrializaton of a backward

asant economy — can!) with the exceptional vlclbuaneee of Stalin's character. ’ MOLDERING E

3%

MBERS The Soviet Union today is so highly developed lndustrlelly

.and scientifically and so intent

our C ntcn- .

nlal next year, when so many‘ outsiders will visit our fair IS-‘ I

I am. Sir, etc,

READER, Charlottetown. '

on remier Khrushchev‘s deo clarcd ideal of making life richer for the ordinary Russian that there would seem no fur- ther need for a ruthless unifying force such as Stalin used to transform Russia from a medl- cval society.

Yet some smoldering embers remain. Edward Cnnksbaw,

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—Wm. II. Dmce Rollo Bay and Charlottetown.

Russian correspondent for The Observer, notes that. the danger- ous rivalry of Red China for leadership of world must inevitably Khrushchev on his Marxist toes, however much he may want to tone down revolutionary fervor in international relations.

me commentators feel that the danger of a reversion to Stallnism cannot be entirely discounted while the apparatus of dictatorship remains — the one-party system, fright discip- line within its ranks and the secret police.

The recent decision to impose the death penalty on profileers acting against state interest shows that police methods can still relapse into something ap- proaching Stalinist vlolence.

2:4...

-ON nu-ornnuva THE CLASSICS

like a reconciliation: Long overdue. To read again the aonorous lines Of Browne. Respecting the aepulclu-al urns! To feast one'a mind once more On Pepys. that careful man Who gave us a s re 0n Restoration days. After the grim Puritan ways. To list to Ital statistical mind Of Herodotus, giving us. with-

out emotion

The terrible tales of ,

And its gold-encrusted a:

Croesus. but an exprkeiw of our tlmea.

Indeed a reconciliation! And now lie joy of old friends Foundt again. brings content.-

men -

The deep sources of knowledge Star and ball.

«e.

DOMINATE SKYLINE

A forest of skyscrapers dom- inates Sao Paulo. Brazil, which has more than 1.000 buildings higher than 10 storeys.

Drugs Relieve Asth mo Attack,

V But Temporarily

By . 'l'beodore R. Van Dellen

BRONCHIAL asthma is a try- ing disease because the cause is not always easy to determine—and when found is not easy to correct. Various drugs relieve wheezing and shortness of breath but desensi- tization is considered the best way to deal with the allergic fecton.

Long-term studies show this method is likely to be of only transient value. when the sources are difficult to avoid. This is particularly true when the individual is sen- sitive to house dust, pollens. or mold spores. On the oth hand. the results of desensitiza- tion are excellent when a sin- gle pollen, such as ragweed, is at fault.

Bronchitis is the number one bugaboo of the asthmatic. It may precipitate an attack that lasts for some time. In such Instances, the respiratory in- fection has the same effect upon the victim as the inhala- tion of a known offender an an as dust, pollen, or animal dan- (let. The asthmatic behaves as though he were allergic to bac- teria or viruses. '

This is stressed because these individuals must try to avoid bronchitis. They should abstain from clgaret smoking and find a job where the air is clean.

Nonspecific irritants such as chemical fumes. smoke, and even damp air may bring on

an asthmatic episode, even though the person is sensitive to something else. In addition, he should regard anyone with' a cold as public enemy number one.

But most of us develop res- piratory infections despite our state of health. It is particular- ly important for the asthmatic to seek treatment because it may be possible to abort an at- tack of bronchitis before wheez- ing develops.