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1 ‘town of Hamwith.

'1 weapons and instruments. Gradually the range

£._.'ef‘*1siito are sasilfseem These are indications

PAGE FOUR i

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dally ‘(Founded in Illli)

llstlsnrlced no Iloraad Clans llnll, Pals Office ‘ llepnrtnslnt, Ottawa. The Island Guardians Publishing 0a-

Idflur and Managing Director. J. If. Burnett]

Anouelrste Editor, Frank Wnllscl

(‘The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

CHARLUTTETOWN, FRIDAY, JULY fi, .1948

(Santa's llevr Settlers

In his latest statement on immigration fig- ures, Hon. James A. MacKinnon, Minister of Mines and Resources, has shown that Canada re- ceived 41,952 immigrants in the first five months of this year. For the some period last year the total was only 15,513.

ln 1947 Canada had 64,127 immigrants and, ln addition, 8,790 Canadians returned from the United States, making a total of more than 73,- 000. During 1946-47, the total was 66,690 of whom some 45,000 were soldiers‘ dependents. That is, immigration proper accunted for only lbout 22,000 newcomers.

Offsetting these gains are the losses aris- lng from the departure of Canadians for the United States. The exact figures for this mova- ment are not available but they are placed, un- officially, atabout 20,000 for 1946-47. lt seems a fair estimate to say that our gains from immi- gratian proper for that year were virtually can- celled by our losses to the United States.

g 1947 the Government undertook to ad- mit 2 ,000 refugees. That figure has since been raised to 30,000. This is apart from the refu- gees who may come to Canada to join close rela- tives; no limit is placed on this movement. All refugees, except those going to relatives, are brought to definite jobs in group movements ar- ranged for this purpose. Since April, 1947, Can- ada has received more than 26,000 refugees. Up to April 26, 1948, immigration officials had 30,- 044 applications for the entry of displaced per- sons. Of these 23,658 were approved, with the rest being investigated.

From April, 1947, to the end of February, 1948, the last official figures available, 2,830 Lithuanian refugees, or 26 per cent of the total, entered Canada. The next largest group, 2,731 in number or 25 per cent, was Ruthenian or Ukrainian. There were 1,662 Jews and 1,614 Poles as the third group, each being 15 per cent of the total.

Hon. Mr. Mitchel in his statement recalled that the largest influx of immigrants came be- tween the years 1900 and 1913. At the begin- ning of that period immigration normally stood at some 50,000 a year; at its end, it had risen to 400,000 a year. During this same period the general increase in wages over a wide range of Canada's economic life amounted to some 40 or 45 per cent. Far-from depressing wages, immi- gration served to increase wages. On the other hand, in 1930-35, when wages did drop, there was practically no immigration. in 1935, for ex- ample, only 11,000 immigrants came to Canad-a.

Moro Fuel Warnings

Hon. Mr. Howe has chosen the dog-days in which to warn all Canadian citizens that next winter we may be short of fuel.

Such warnings, complains the Ottawa Jour- nal, come now with the regularity of the seasons. What never comes is a sign that anything is being done by anybody to make the warnings unneces- sary. Parliament was in session for six months, most of them spent in wrangling, and with an committee weeks an end in futile talk about prices. Not a word, much less an act, about fuel. No one in the Government came forward to tell that they were thinking of a fuel plan; no one in the Opposition attacked the Government for not having a fuel plan. The Journal adds:

"We hear of both the old parties coming shortly with new platforms; the Progressive Conservatives on August 1, the Liberals a week later. ls it too much to hope that somewhere among the glittering generalities that will race through both platforms therewill be something, and a bit specific, about fuel? Many among us must be getting weary of doctrinal and ideological pronouncements ‘that have little or any rela- tion lto the day-to-day problems of the average

111011. r

Digging 11p Britain

While thousands of volunteers are digging Ip the land to grow more food for Britain, par- ties af archaeologists of all ages are digging to find the Britain of the Romans. Some hope to go back even further and want to unravel the, story of how men lived in the stone, bronze and iron ages. They cover all periods from palaeo- lithic (the earliest signs of man, thousands of years ago) up to the sixteenth century.

Those going this year to Canterbury hope to unearth Roman and mediaeval remains. Those an’ the Cheviots want to learn something about hill forts.‘ Searchers near Southampton will help reveal eighth-century huts of the Anglo-Saxon

Most.common finds of ancient man are his

extends-carving on walls, jewellery. Defensive clothing, metal helmets and shields come much later. Simple household pots become morejlab- omte as man finds his material more malleable. I This summer 150 archaeologists will see for themselves. The ' Nazis helped Britain's archaeologists—ofter the bombing of London ancient town houses wore found under the debris of modern foundations. Also most of lritaln was photographed from the oir during the war and 1 the l. A. F. can give archaeologists photographs ' tattoo lust before harvest time when differences

— EDITORIAL NOTES —‘

Governor-General in .esidence. it k A‘ * Ball at Government House in houour of visit of Lord Dufferin, Governor-General, this date l873-‘-seventy-five years ago. i i R i Quebec Provincial election next week, July 28th; than the Liberal Convention Aug. 5th; to be followed later by Alberta's appeal to the Polls. l‘ i A‘ i

lf Mr. Bracken be re-elected, as he intends to be, then in the next Parliament there will be two Elder Statesmen and ex-Party Leaders in the House of Commons. \

Ir i i i By this time next year there should be little cause for complaint by farmers, tourists, etc., as to the condition of our main thoroughfares. But will the secondary roads be as well looked after?

i i l k

An endeavour is to be made by Priblic Works Minister Barbour to supply daily bulletins to the Travel Bureau on the condition of the various roads in the Province. A move in the right dir- ection. r i Q k I Tho Alberton-West Prince Board of Trade has issued an invitation to all Board of Trade members and their wives to a Lobster and Steam- ed Clam Picnic at Mill River on July 28th. Some outing! i i i I There is to be competition for the meeting place of the Conservative Conventon. The choice is limited to cities having the necessary hotel accommodation, and apparently Ottawa, Mont- real and Winnipeg are the only ones in the running. fi I O fi

Garibaldi, ltalian patriot and revolutionary, born this date 1807. After a hectic time in South America fighting for the independence of Brazil and Uruguay, he returned to ltaly to de- fend the Roman republic established by Mazzini. ln turn he fought for Sardinia, Sicily, ltaly, France; and after serving as a deputy for Rome in the Legislature, retired on a pension.

Iiil

Commenting on people who denounce the United States as seeking to gain control over Europe, Mr. Attlee said at Skegness: "When you fmd anyone doing this look at him carefully. You will generally find he is a Communist or a fel- row-traveller. These people do not want to see Europe restored to health. They want Europe to be weak and disturbed, because they think that the more wretched the people are the greater chance for the Communists. They have a vested interest in chaos."

e I w I

ln the case of gift food parcels returned from Great Britain, the senders are often dis- satisfied because of the urgent need of food in that country, as well ’as the return charges in- valved. In view of these circumstances, arrange- ments have been made whereby gift food parcels received in Britain, which prove undeliverable, Will not in future be returned in the absence of the rnailer's disposal instructions, but will be dis- tributed to charitable institutions and needy per- sons, after being held for the normal period of three months. i- l I i i

To him that hath. The former home of Cmdr. J. K. L. Ross on upper Peel Street, once one of the grand mansions and show places of Montreal, has been acquired from the Dominion Government by McGill University for conversion rnto .a residence for men students, it is an- nounced by University authorities. The acquis- rtion, made possible through funds provided by J. W. McConnell, is expected to alleviate the urgent shortage of housing for students. About 130 will be accommodated in the residence, which will be used on a temporary basis, the university reports. During the war the house served as a barracks for the Canadian Women's Army Corps and since then it has been used by the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps reserve units.

o a 4r a

General Ulysses Simpson Grant, President of the U.S.A., died this date 1885. Soon after the out- break of the Civil War was appointed Brigadier- General; in 1864 was appointed Commander-in- Chief, and fought a great number of severe act- ions, his method being to wear down his oppon- ents by sheer weight of numbers. He divided his forces into several armies, and, by keeping up constant attack, he prevented the Confederates from resting or concentrating, finally defeating them at Five Forts, after which their surrender at Appomattox ended the war. Elected Presi- dent in 1868, re-elected 1872. He made no money ‘by graft while in office, and in order to have suffi- cient to live on in retirement, wrote his Personal Memoirs, which proved an enormous success: "Let no guilty man escape." lndorsementon his let- ter concerning the Whiskey Ring Scandal of July 29, 1875.

w a n I

This is what The Spectator, Landon, has to soy of the British Conservative Party's Agricul- tural Charter: "lt envisaQs among other things fewer and more efficient controls, higher re- wards for skill, greater independence pf White- hall for the County Committees and the liquida- tion of the Ministry of Food as a trader in food- stuffs. lt makes constructive suggestions about forestry, and would lighten the at present crip- pling burdens laid—together with additional re- sponsibilities-open the land-owner by recent legislation. It is commendobly free from eye- wash and special pleading, and the farmer, who is sick to death of being told that he is a ‘spear- head’ and a ‘commando’ by Ministers whose sub- ordinates half-strangle him with rod tape, will be attracted by its forthright approach. The only test of any policy for the land is whether it would do the land good; this one looks very

of , , lgn matter underneath, perhaps on old hill w“ a burial ground. "

much as if it wguld

mi: GUARDIAN. cunnaorrcrowu

New definition of a dime. as quoted by t-he Port. Arthur News- Ghronlcle-A dolls: wlth the sexes taken out. - Six-afford Beacon- Herald.

A new choir " bllbetl eo sit down while they wark on them customers. The next. refinement. we suppose. will be e device to twist. the customers into appropriate poses. — ‘Windsor Star.

Unmarried ‘women and girls soon wlll be working as electricians. win- dow glazcrs. woodwork. painters and stovesmlths ln Poland. lht secondary building trades school ls giving courses ranging from Len months to t.wo years 1.0 put idle females to work. They get. 80 zlotys (80 cents) per day for subsistence and 20 zlolys per hour for all work done while training for certifica- tlon as "journeyman." — Vancou- ver Province.

.- deelerl report that twin beds, which used to be the choice of 38 per cent. of newly mar- rled couples. are now bought. by 52 per cent. There will be those. no doubt, who will be alarmed by this news. for twin beds have. in their time, been ranked with cigarettes. mixed bathing. cocktails and ‘ fe- male suffrage as destroyers of the home and Wreckers of all that. 3 best. in our clvlllzstlon. We attrib- ute the growing popularity of vwln beds. more calmly. to educat.1on.— Peter-borough Examiner.

All sympathy to the men whose left srm hsd to be amputated af- ter ll; was crushed against. s safety zone ln Detrolt. but this accident. can be a lesson. Too many driv- ers go along blithely with chelr arms out. the window. An arm out the window means a traffic signal. There's not enough extn. breeze enjoyed by lcttlng onevsrrn. or cyan just. the elbow, stick out. the me. to Justify the chance 1t entails of being crushed. or of puzzling the drlver behind so to what turn or stop ls berlng aontempletcd-Wlnd- cor Star

Another portrait not a likely con- tender for prominence 1n the whis- ky ads: The Milwaukee. Wisconsin. man who came home st 1.30 1n the mornlng. got out hie pistol and e flscful of car-toddler. picked at! the dishes on the dlnlng mam plate roll. knocked the sharp cor- ners off some furnlture, plugged the kitchen clock. blacked out. the light. bultxs. missed s neilhbfilfi baby daughter by s matter 0f lnchee. end ventilated another neighbor's fur coat. In count. when he was convicted and sentenced. he dented nothlng not. even thc 24 whlsky sours which had preced- ed hls brief role as a. would-be An- nle Oakley. - Ohrlstlen Science Monitor.

There ls eomethlag lnevltabkv re- pugnant about the reported P10" of t/hc State of Ohlo to number ad babies born there after January 1 next. year. Admittedly there are many arguments 1n favor of such registration. relating tc identifica- tlon 1n later llfe. ease ln keevlhfl records and so on. But the auto- matic conferring of l numbfl‘ 0-‘- eoch new-born child. W911 N119" it has been given s name. seems to be the ultimate 1n anonymity la a mechanical world. As thovxh one difficulties and dangers of 11101008 subjection to the pressures of group conformity. mediocrity and stand- ardization were not. enough. fir-B individual - must min ell-stew‘ with the lndlsnlty of s. number. like any hoiidehold gadget emerg- lng from the mass product-loll lit-B that. symbolizes 20th. Century c.11- ture. Call hlm Tom or Joe or even Alphonse. but. let. us save 111m from the debosement of numerical tab“ latlon, -— Victoria Times.

If in the particular genial of the arbutus that. like s. woman with s well-stocked wardrobe. 1t ls conun- uolly changing lts garments. While other trees seem content 1n their early Summer green, the arbulcs has already switched to pale yel- low and. tlrlng of that mantle. has begun to shed 1t carelessly.‘ The leaves, unseasonably mellow 1n shade. detach themsel... and flour to earth to rustle drlly 1n the slightest breeze. And when then‘ discard nears completion. the tree will busy itself removing the scruf- fed and wrinkled outer skin of 15s trunk to reveal the-sstln-smooth finish of fresh bark that. llOWn red 1n the sunlight. Nor does the ae- butus stop e1: this change of uln- ment.. In season ll throws lt.s clus- ters of smell creamy flowers that. ripen into a cheery red before they wither end are ens: aside. —Vlc- torle Times.

A young Frenchmen. poor but ambitious. was aruclous to’ marry the daughter of e certain gentle- man of wealth. He consultad e lawyer friend es to how this might be accomplished. "1 have been lu- vlted to dine at that. gentleman's‘ house next. Wedneedlyfithe lawyer eald. "Just: leave the matter 1n as! hende. But. first. let. me ask you e question: Would you suffer ony- one to cut. off your noel If he would give you a hundred thous and francs?" "Of course not.” one poor young men replied. “Very well." seld the attorney. ‘There ell 1 wants: to know.” M the dln- ner, the lawyer odrolfly brought up the subleat of the ate-ick- en young suitor. she way." said the rich host. "aomyau usl me whether that. ymurg men bee any money?‘ “Yes. I eon." sold the lawyer. “I understand he hes no reedy oeoh at meant. but l also mow for s JhosF-s hes a least. one asset foe which be hes been offend. eadtforwhlah no has refused. [hundred francs." '1‘he young roan got. the‘

girl-with e handsome. dowry. -' Well aims aria-nu. .

thousand an wrsooureglne straw

dank of questions of Interest fl" The Charlottetown Grardlon ' daaa not. neeennrlly endorse .-

23‘ the oplsslan of lsond- Q y, Hill. u ., ., "Cescszesesqet ‘ ".

' Slr, - Ilbr some time I have been reedlng with much enjoy- ment the column ln your paper called “Ellen's Diary" and would like to say a few words of appre- ciation ‘for the marry lovely thou hts contained therein. ery farm woman knows. es- pecially at. this season of the year, haw many exacting cores come with each day, and yet. no one need be so beset wlth responsib- lllty as to miss the many pleasures that. are ours these lovely July days. Every wcman and man. 01° can stop for a ornent and drink ln the beauty that 1e sll around us tn this beautlful Prince Edward Island of ours. _ Some people think that llfe on our farms is all hardship and herd work. True, there ls lots of work on a farm but. the difference between discontent and happiness very often lies 1n the person him- self. We are not. here just. to make 3 living, but to make n life, and where can a person live such a useful and happy llfe as on a pro- weeelve farm ln good old P.E.I.? I often thlnk that. lf every ahlld hsd the privilege a! living 1n e good home and enjoying the fresh air and. sunshlnebnd good food that we take so mudl for grant- ed. what’. n change there would be ln future years! Perhaps the were snd'et.rlkee that cause so much mlseq would at laet be forgotten. In closing, let me sgeln say a word of thanks t.o "Ellen" for sharing with us .t.he joys of her life on her Island home. ' 1 em, Sir, etc., FABMIBJLTI‘! Johnston's River, 9.12.1.

UNIFORM TEACHING METHODS

Sir, - In your luue of July 20. “Retired Teacher". New Haven, wrltee that. apparently I srn self- contredlctory when at the same time I advocate a uniform mcilwd of teaching and ecknowledi! 111151 there are teachers who have en efficient method.

There ls nothlns contradictory about; the two assertions when the implication was very 01¢" that. tihe efflclerli: method of the some should become the method a! gll, thug making 1t. uniform. '

In other words, there can only be one nseizhod the most. efficient, ell the others ln varying degrees must. be less efficient, some of them ibelng very inefficient. Then why dleagtad wltlh the suggestion that the Department of Education should guide all teachers to employ the method it. considers to be the most efficient?

"Retired Teacher" also writes: "I fall to see how the mere fact o! lsglng g ‘proud parent.’ qualifies for being e competent. judge of educational systems." No, lt. 1e not the mere fact. of being a par- ent. that; makes parents competent to_ judge, but. instead the feet. that children who attend country schools do moat. of their studying of lessons at home.

‘Hence, the par-ante have the great-er opportunity to know l! the child has lessons so long that he cannot. properly learn them in e reasonable study perlod, or 1f they aka ac short that; the study of them does not require the time necessary to be spent ln order to make satisfactory progress. That ls why parents should be better able to Judge such antlers than even a. retired teacher, unless he also ls a parent.

. Now, Sir, because you have gen- erously contributed space for my many letters on this subject, also because I believe my argument hes been made reasonably clear, I shell not impose on you by writ- ing my more replies. ‘lllusnklng you for valuable space hid hoping that my feeble but. sincere effort to help improve the educational opportunities for the rural child- ren of yhe Province will not be entirely 1n vain. - I em. Sir, etc., "PARENT"

IMMIGRATION FIGURES

Sin-This paragraph 1n your "Notes By The Way" of July l7 gave me a bang. as the modem- lst would say: "Figures lust pub- lished by the International Re- fugee Organization show that Brllelu has tlskcn 1n more refug- ees and displaced persons than ell the other countries of the world put together. They ere ent- crlng Britain at. the rate of 1,500 a week. At. leut; 70,000 have been admitted. since the end of the war." _

And I seefhls related story in the N. Y. Times, dealing with the fact that. 200.000 people 1n Greet. Britain ere Australia-bound (over theinext. two or three years!) st. $40 IP18“. described n. "one of the [restart transportation ber- gslns of all time". The story from London continues: "An ed- dittcnsl 100,000 are estlmsted lfy shipping composites to be wetting for transportation to Australia at their awn expense, msklas s total cf 400.000. ‘flleee figures "resent the greenest voluntary muse mtg-rotten of permanent set- tlers 1n modem-times: but they ere only a fraction of the num- ber that. Arustrelle might. receive under favorable conditions 1n the out‘ two or three generations."- (tendon. July 10).