l

FROM THE ASHES of a dis- astrous fire three years’ I Raiph Raynor raised this splen-I did two storey laying house at‘ Mount Herbert. At the time of; the fire entire poultry set-up in-l

ago,I

Stobling Of Breeding Cows Recommended

Many dairymen feel they can- not keep cows tied . in th sta-I me; during the entire day the; cows are to be inseminated. How-’ ever, there are three economic reasons why this practice should; be followed. i

It has been proven by severall top research men in various Un-, iversitites in the United States that a cow which is unduly ex- cited at the time of insemination: has a far less chance of conceiv-I Ing than one inseminted whilel she is quiet. 3

Having to chase a cow to the= barn from pasture is a very goodl

example of this. The cow is us-l

ually reluctant to be separatedl from the herd as well as being! tied up in the middle of the day.i,

Another example is to catch al

Frozen

Has Wide Use

Techniques have been develop- ed during the past few years whereby bull semen can be main-I tained for periods at very low‘ temperatures I120 to 125 degrees; below zero F0). The development of these procedures have brought about marked changes in the cat-I tle breeding industry.

It is now possible to use siresv that are located in any part oft the country. It is also feasible’ to store large banks of semen on

sires shortly before they are done;

away with. It can materially as- sist ln the proving of sires. In some Artificial Breeding Cen- trcs young bulls are selected on‘ their pedigree both the dam and». sire side being considered as welll as type. Then a number of cattle are bred to this young bull then 1 large bank of his semen is frozen and stored for a period.

The hull is generally done away

Need Caution In Milking Machine Use

The Canadian Veterinary Med- ical Association says that expel’- linents with machine milking point to two practices which can play a part in causing mastitis. Both involve management of the milking operation.

One of these practices is the forcible removal of the teat cups while suction is still being ap- plied. The other is leaving the milking machine in operation on the cow for too long a ‘time. Vet- erinary avuthorites say that ‘if the teat cups are removed while suc- tion is still active — or not en- “rely supressed -- there is a tendency for the lining of the teat to be drawn outward. If that is repeated often enough it may cause irritation which will invite infection.

Also when the machine was ac- live too long, it crept up onto the base of the teats cau-sing inter- nal irritation. Tests have shown the average time of milking ma- chine should be left active aver-

!nd~4.e- minutes - this var-

ies with the rate at which the CW lets down her miirg.

wiuoatis

Bring Sorrow

'1‘-hait Biblical iiijunctioii “As ye “W. so shall ye reap" may well 9 termed an allill0l”lial.i‘\’E‘ ad-

Qntario farmers. sa_vs the Crops Braneh of the Ontario Depart- ment of Agriculture. Officials of “ll; Branch warn that the farmer 0 carelessly sows wild cats I am: Fatiual will surely reap a €i‘I“\-‘est of sorrow. “ In the place of plump iiiitrit- gllaln the “ariiicr who so\\‘~1 V L Oats will garner liairy chaf- é_l~_»‘F.‘1‘nels, long awnerl and t\r‘.':t- SWS 'C- If. Kingsbiiry. Field- afllli 'WIhen gazing nioiIi‘nfiil|y ,...j‘_°"1e1s of wild oats he uill Hgibe a sucker nlilllllll scar at fa‘ ase. It is a reminder that :~~ Su°k€1‘s sou" S"{‘ll seed.

,h“‘° CW9 Branvli points out tlin‘. ~s”‘w .(‘0hii‘0l I‘.i(‘a.=_‘Ii‘e is I" . 9ESllei'ed or (‘ertI!ierl seed. firm I‘,- mifilzed th l for

at once present wdd “ed ‘Can remain in the soil man!’ years.

mus‘ 9133' against time to pre-

Iheifer that is loose among others

Icluding two large doubled deck;

laying house. one of which had‘ been completed the year before,- A thorough knowledge of ‘the Poultry business and a determin- ation to work at his chosen vo-

immediately before inseminating her. The longer. before insemina-

heat is Ieft with the herd.

be strictly adhered to prevent los- ses b-y era-dicaiting and controlling Mastitis:

1. Sanitation-Cilean habits milking and management.

(a) The udder must be washed : with an appropriate disinfectant before each milking. A separate , cloth should be used for each cow and the disinfectant should be changed about every four cows.

(b) Wet milking should not be ;practiced.

l (c) The person st.rip.pirig should , wash hands after each cow is fin- isilied.

(d) All milking equipment must be kept clean.

(eI Teat cups should be disin- fected after each cow is milked and between miilkings.

(f) The cows should be kept on clean, dry bedding.

2. Bacteriological examination of the milk from each quarter of each cow should be done re- gularly (once a month). Suspi- cious cows should always be tes- ted. All new replacements should be tested.

3. Segregation — Infected cows should be placed at the end of the milking line and milked last. In- ourable chronic cases should be slaughtered. ~

4. All cases of Mastitis must

of

cation prompted Mr. and Mrs. Raynor to rebuild. This year he plans to build a new wing unto his establisliiment which will be used solely for testing purposes.

The third reason not to be over-

ages slightly more than three-‘

I nd Poult- lnontion sipecifically directed to‘ Your G [Y

:9 “l such seed ;_!iirii';IIifee< free‘ i ‘Om such \\*ee(lr-. It is Pm.-’

“C9 land is in-tested the farm-

looked is the fact that having the cow or heifer tied when the tech- nician arrives permits him to do his job without any loss of time and makes it possible for him to move onto the next farm promp- tly thus providing a better timed breeding service for all members‘ herds.

It is just good management to isolate the cow as soon as she shows signs of heat: (1) for the good of the cow herself, (2) for the good of the herd, and (3) for the welfare of your neighbor who has a cow ready to be brefi and is anxious that the technician get on down the road to his place.

Reprinted from Northern Ohio Test Tube News.

Water Prevents Salt Poisoning

Salt poisoning in pigs is a clear- cut and easily regonizable con- dition affecting the anirnal’s tis- sues. However, some of the symptoms of the condition resem- ble othér diseases. This makes a proper diagnosis important. The Canadian Veterinary Medical As- sociation says‘ salt poisoning de- velops when a high level of salt is given to pigs without an in- crease ‘in drinking water.

Symptoms include blindness,

be treated early and until the in- feotion clears up. Injunies to the teat or udder should be treated.

5. Miling practices and manage- ment.

(a) Milk as soon as possible after the udder is washed.

(b) The machine should never be left on too long.

(c) Wet mllikiing should not be practiced. '

(d) Good bedding should be pro- vided to keep udderis clean and protect them from injuries, and cold.

6. Quarantine and Isolation.

(Ia) Replacements must be is- olated until is certified free from infection. Cows showing abnormal discharge from the teats or ud- der should be isolated.

Mastitis can be controlled, One of the most important parts of the Mastitis Control Programme ‘is the treatment of infected ani- mals. In the majority of cases early diagnosis of infection, fol- lowed by prompt treatment re-,

tion these disturbing acts can be done the better the chance for a successful insemination. T h i st may be one reason why some dairymen have more breeding problems among their heifers than their cows.

Second, when a cow is in heat in the herd, there is generally much disturbance among the en- tire group. This will definitely af- fect the over-all production for the day.

This can easily be eliminated by keeping the cow or heifer that is in heat in the stable whether she is or is not to be insemina- ted. There is also a con~sider"aIble chance of injury when a cow in

Semen

twitching of nose and neck mus- cles, circling or running, and :- vent-ually unconsoiousnss. The Association says salt poisoning was easiest to produce in exper- iments when water was severely restricted. The condition did not occur at all when fresh water was available continuously.

with and the semen is held un- til such time as his daughters come in milk and go on te_st. Cus- tom freezing‘is a practice adop- ted by a lot of pure bred breed- ers in the cases where they have desirable males which they wish to store a bank of semen.

In some cases it is for their own use, in other cases the ser- vices of the bull are made avail- able to breeders at large.

At the present time four frozen semen lockers are in operation in Prince Edward Island. It is anticipated that five more will ‘be put in operation this surrimeri This affords an opportunity to the pure bred breeders desirous of using a particular sire to call hlsl, own shot. ‘ ;

Semen from all ten breeds and‘ various bulls within those breeds is available daily. Let the Insem- inator know the sire which you wish to use. ‘

PRESCRIPTION

We maintain the highest ethical standards for purity, accuracy, and .d8'pend-ability, and pride ourselves on maintaining fair and mode- rate prices at all times. We will be very happy to serve you.

vent the seed iinom maturing. Summer fallowi-ng with frequent cultivation work the seeds to the Isuirface where tiheiy can germ- inate and be destroyed. Winter wheat can fallow.

Where the infestation. is heavy on good crop land, the soil should be worked in the fiall and early spring and disced to destroy the seecllings. Eollovw this treatment with row crops and if necessary repeat :a second year in lceevping the crfip hoed, advises the Crops Bra-nic . Plow deep. at the end of . . .. the first and second year and worm treatment, mastitis lJ00,]leS, tihen Iliollow _WEl‘TJ:l'1 early barley powders. de-homing I>I‘0dUC'€S-

We, at the Jenkins Phar- macy, always suggest that you consult your Veterinary Surgeon for advice. We carry a large stock of proven Veterinary products.

Post partum treatment, calf scours, iron deficiency.‘

DlAL 4219

NKINS

seeded dlown and cut eairlv or E pasture off. It is also pointed out of course, it is known. we are headquarters tor living wrild oat seed in the soil. Spraying wi-tih Imaleic li-ydrazide trol is -not applicable to Ontario ' conditins. ‘

and ointments, louse

Proper Husbandry Controls Mastitis

The folloiriiig six rules should sults in a cure. 'l‘he udder is ex-

posed to many different kinds of injuries and adverse conditions every day. The testing and treat- ing must be done on a regular programme rather than on a hit and miss basis. Bacteriological examination of the milk from each quarter should be done, where possible. about ten days after treatment to be certain that infection has cleared up.

Consult your district veterina- rian for a satisfactory control program. It is also advisbale to contact him as soon as any ab- normal condition is noticed. By con-troling Mastitis many tl‘.us— ands of dollars can be saved by dairymen annually; and the dan- ger of spreading disease to hu- mans will be greatly reduced.

New Hazards Face Livestock

Expansion of modern technolo- gy actually is posing additional hazards to the na.tion’s livestock today. That is the finding of the Canadian Veterinary Medical As- -sociation which points out that -most cases of livestock poisoning once were caused by such things as poisonous plants or carelessly discarded paint cans —— but, now the list is much longer.

It includes insecticides, fungi- cides, herbicides or preservatives especially when such items are not used with proper care. And industrial fumes, oil pipe line op- erations and other non-farm ac- tivites which have moved into ru- rural areas may be other poten-

stock‘. ,

Unfortunately the poisonous qualities of many of the chemi- cal compounds and industrial waste products are not appar- ent until actual losses occur, a veterinary medical spokesman says. ‘

' DUAL - PURPOSE SHORTHORNS

If you are onthe lookout for something good in Dua1-Pur- pose Shorthorns please contact , us, whether it be bulls or females. ~

At present we are offering one of the best young bulls we have ever had. This one can win anywhere.

Write for particulars to

JOHN J. JACKSON woonsrocx, N. B.

...nuu..~

MONTE VISTA HEREFORDS

The many friends and cor- respondents of Mrs. Ann: Horne will be somewhat sad- dened to learn that the famous Monte Vista Hereford farm has changed hands. It is now under the new ownership of the English Oblates of Eastern Canada. The oblate Fathers will continue with thesame high class breeding stock of Monte Vista Herefords.

We take this opportunity to invite New Correspondence, B u s i ii e s s Associations and Visitors.

OBLATE FATHERS ENFIELD, N. s.

Some Seaweed Makes Good As Fertilizer

Seaweed has been used in soil fertility experiments at the Char- lottetown Experimental Farm, P. E. I., for the past four years and the results compare favourably with fertility stud-ies involving cow manure. The seaweed as ap- plied in these tests consisted of a variety of species including rockweed, kelp, Irish moss and eel grass.

G. B. Whiteside and K‘. E. Le- Lecheur of the Charlottetown Ex- perimental Farm, report that these seaweed studies involved a four year rotation consisting of potatoes. barley, clover hay and timothy hay, and were designed chiefly for the potato crop. Sea- weed was applied at the rate of twenty tons per acre in the autumn of the year preceding the potato crop. and plowed under.

The kind of seaweed seems to have considerable influence on its value as a manure. For in- stance, when the seaweed applied

was predominantly eel grass, crop yields were poorer than

when rockweed, kelp or Irish moss predominated. It was also observed that eel grass did not decompose so readily as the other species. .

Grass Silage

In Bunker Silo

The feeding of grass silage to cattle and sheep, during the late winter months, is particularly -helpful in en:su.ri.n~g an adequate intake of Vitmain A, a=c-cording to the Animal I-Iuisbandry and Nuitri-iton Departments of the On- tario Agniculturnal College.

Grass sila-ge can be made from any green croips which ordinarily might be made into hay although other green crops, such as oats, wheat, soybeans and peaisl can be UISECl.

It can be fed to all classes of livestock, but is especially desir- able tor dairy -and beef cattle. A working plan is to provide three tons of silage for eaclh mature cow in the herd. 'Ilhe require- ments of young stock will be met by provision of about one-half lihiiis amount. This is on the basis

Guardian - Patriot — Tuesday. May 20. 19-55. Page 51}

of about 200 days of silage feed- ing per year.

For growing stock and breed- ing cows, the liiberal use of grass silage, fed at the rate of about three pounds of silage per 100 pouin-dis of live weight, will prove st-aisrfiac-tory for winter feeding. Some dry roughage such as hay or straw should always 0 susp- plied when animals are fed heavi- ly on silage.

Grass silage, patrticvularly if the mixture contains some legumes, is liigiher in protein than corn silage. Good quialuity grass silage is rich in carotene, the yellow pigment from wihiicli Vitamin A is formed in the body, but has very little Vitamiini D compared to liield-cured hay.

Since the crop for silage is usualy out at a reasonialbly early stage of maturity, and is not ex- posed to the weather, there is usually less variation in the com- posiboin of grass silrage, than there is in hlaly, aside from the variations due to the mixture.

Additional iniforma-tion on the subject of grass silage is con- tained in Circular 222, “Feeding

Grass Silage” obtainable from the

county agi'icultui‘al representa-

tive.

Crop Rotations Give Benefits

The noted Ontario sed crop authority John A. Stewart points out there are several distinct benefits from a rotation of crops including legumes and grasses in- cluding:

1. They help improve the physi- cal condition by improving drain- age, aeration and indirectly the water-holding capacity of soils. 2. Clovers and grasses help maintain humus and nitrogen. 3. These crops kep the soil cov- ered over winter and. hance, de- crease losses from erosion. 4. Tlieych ange the feding loca- tion of roots——some crops have shallow roots, some intermediate and others dep roots. 5. Yields and quality of other crops are improved.when le g u m e salt I! grasses are grown in rotation.

135 Clubs

tial poisoning hazards for live

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