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PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY, JAN» is. 1953

Doing It Now

Seasonal unemployment has all

the bad characteristics of an annual depression. It means a lower stand- ard of living for the people affected, and it sets up a general chain react- ion affecting iis all. With many peo- ple no longer on the payrolls, con- sumption of goods and services dips. When the stock in the retail stores does not move, the shelves in the wholesale houses begin to overflow. Factory wheels slow down and more men and women are laid off “until business picks up again.” This is the vicious circle. While there is no com- plete cure for such conditions, a

‘partial remedy has. been found in

which the construction business plays a leading role.

Traditionally, many skilled car- penters, plumbers, electricians and other tradesmen find themselves out of work at this season. These men are available now, to do jobs ex- Pelfly and quickly. Citizens having work that can be done will profit by employing them now, and every

job, big or little, will put more con- _

sumer dollars in circulation in the community. .’

The Federal Government has giv- en the lead for the past few years. in fighting seasonal unemployment and many of our larger business con-

cerns have followed suit. Typical ,

examples are the Naval Barracks now being erected in Charlottetown, and government work" on the wait- ing’ room at the Charlottetown air- port. The Royal Bank building in Charlottetown is another example of winter work deliberately‘ under- taken at this season to relieve un-

employment. Last year the Bank of I

Commerce completely renovated its building during the winter months. The T. Eaton Company building was commenced in midwinter, for the same reason; and the new Federal Building is still another example.

Aside from everything else, sea- sonal unemployment is a destroyer of the workers’ morale. It is ho d that all our citizens will co-operate in the campaign now under way for reducing it to ‘a minimum.

Mostly Negative

At .he American Nobei‘ Prize Committee_’s annual dinner, at which he was an honoured guest, former External Affairs Minister Lester B. Pearson had a good deal to say about possible ways of easing inter- national tensions. Most of it, how- ever, seems to have been of a nega- tive character. He was less than en- thusiastic about a “summit” meeting, preferring the council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to agree on a “channel” through which negotiations with the Soviet Union might be attempted. He . was de- finitely against President Eisenhow- er’s insistence on Soviet “good faith” as a necessary prelude to any meet- ing at the top. At the same time he showed little liking for Prime Minis- ter Macmillan’s proposal for an East- West non-aggression pact. Indeed, he seemed to give the impression that he knows most of the answers but is wary about disclosing them. No-_ where in his speech does one find any concrete proposal which might profitably be substituted for the various methods which have been tried and, so far, found ineffectual.

Mr. Pearson, undoubtedly, is a man of considerable talent in diplom- acy. During the years in which he spoke for Canada in international councils he built up a fine reputa- tion. One cannot but feel, however, that since relinquishing his various posts of responsibility he has had more to say about what Western Governments should or should not do than when he was one of the West’s policy makers. His main policy at that time was one of fol- lowing the United States’ lead. We do not recall a solitary instance where he disagreed with U.S. Secretary of Slate Dulles on any important; mat- ter. Perhaps -he was right in taking that stand; but if so, his present quarrels with American policy need more explaining than he has seen

fit to give; for American policy to- wards the Soviet Union and on world problems generally has chang- ed very little, if at all, since the day Mr. Pearson laid down his re- sponsi_bility in the External Affairs Department and in the NATO Coun- cil.

We do not for one moment sug- gest that in his many speeches these days Mr. Pearson is trying to con- vey the impression that the world situation would take a turn for the better if only he were back at his old job. He is much too honourable

a man to indulge in that sort of.

thing. Nevertheless, it "would be helpful if he ‘were to show a little more forbearance towards those who are bearing the burdens of the day and who are trying, as Mr. Pearson tm'ed+and, apparently with no more and no less success than he himself achieved—to solve the grave prob- lems that confront them.

Marked Civic Progress ‘

In announcing that he will not be seeking re-election in the coming

civic contest, Mayor Stewart took oc-

casion to give a comprehensive re- view of the City’s progress and de- velopment in the twelve years since he was associated with the Council. During this time, total civic revenue

has grown from $409,591 to $1,125,-‘

000, an increase -of approximately 300 per ‘cent, while the ‘value of tax- able real estate» and personal pro- perty has risen from $9,804,598 to some $28,000,000. We need not re- view in detail the other evidences of

igrowthicited by His Worship, but

all the figures are impressive, and will doubtless come as a surprise to many of our citizens. We fully in- dorse his hope that they will induce a greater sense of civic pride and

responsibility, and help to spark '

keener interest and rivalry in the election for a’ new City Council which takes place next month.

This is _ a fitting occasion, on which to pay tribute to the leader- ship shown _by Mayor Stewart dur-

ing his years as chief magistrate. He

has ‘worked indefatigably in the in- terests of the City and Province, and has represented us very capably as presidentof the Canadian .Feder- ation of Mayors and Municipalities and in other capacities. Charlotte- town on the whole has been fortun- ate in its civic administrations, and we. feel speak for-.a1l our citizens in saying that the Stewart regime, has been one of the most progressive. . ' , ’ EDITORIAL NOTES

President Eisenhower, made at least $2009 on his Gettysburg farm last year. That amount was paid to ‘him by the Department of Agricul- ture under the Soil Bank program for not growing wheat and corn on This acreage. ‘ i

. - r ‘ « ‘ -9 .

“It’s an ill wind. . . .” As a re- sult of prolonged drought in the Northern districts of Australia,-p11/3 million bushels of high-protein Can- adian wheat will be purchased. The normal harvest of 4 million bushels was last year reduced by 75 per cent. More Canadian‘ wheat may be pur-

chased later, according to the Australian News and Information Bureau.

1' i 1'

It now appears that Chancellor of the Exchequer .Thorneycroft’s main difference of opinion with his cabinet colleagues was over "their re- fusal to cut’ the costs of welfare pro- grams for next year. Prime Minister- Macmillan said that‘ it simply could not be done. That is understanable.

The present Government is not too 5

popular as it is; reducing welfare payments would be the same thing as giving up all hope of winning the

I next election. Imagine any Cana-

dian Government proposing to re- duce rather than increase old age pensions!

‘ av * i we Newfoundlanders are hearing good news these days: the discovery of rich scallop and shrimp beds in various parts of the Province and the prospect of a new paper mill somewhere on the South Coast. Crown Zellerbach, an international- ly known paper making concern, has entered into an agreement with the Provincial Government to explore the possibility of using Labrador wood for a third mill. If, after two years of study, the proposal is found to be economically feasible, construction will begin immediately and be expanded over a period of years. To begin with, 2500 men will be employed in the combined paper then the agricultural economy of the woods.

TR|CKEY-- BUT HE’ ‘DID IT I . ‘ON PARLIAMENT HILL

At the beginning {if a New Year it is usual .to look back upon the‘ old one and to take stock of the joys and sorrows, the triumphs and setbacks which the preceding twelve- month per- iod brought. '

Like many of the new M.P.’s look upon 1957 as a most interest- ing year which brought about a significant change in life pattern. The election of June 10 marked a‘ major turning point in Canad- ian poltics but it also altered the lives of many -men and their fam- ilies. To become a Member of the Parliament of Can-ada is a. great honor and opportunity. It also involves a heavy responsibility be- cause one’s actions and efforts have an effect upon a great many people. The matters which come to a -member’s considera- tion must be viewed not only in the light of -the need and inter- ests of his own constituency. but the country as a whole. The "var- iety of subjects dealt with by a national parliament is broad in- deed aud the challenges to hard work are unlimited.

, Al-though well acquainted with the city of Ottawa and a stud- ent of parliamentary matters for many years, I nevertheless found the new life altogether stimulat- -ing. The atmosphere is quite dif- ferent from that of any other group of men and women. OTHER ACTIVITIES » _ In 1957 I was fortunate to have

I.‘he opportunity of participating in -two other areas of activity. A Rockefeller Research Associa- teship at Un~iversi‘y of Toron- to made it possible to devote three months to study and research at that fine seat of learning. In the hectic and hurried days since June 10 one looks back with pleasureable recollection u p 0 ii -this period of relative tranquali-

OTTAWA REPORT

The EndiAncI The Beginning

By Heath Macquai-rie, M.P.* .

ty.

An entriely new experience ca-me my way when the Prime Minister gave me the opportuni- ty to attend the sessions of the ‘Twelfth General Assembly of the United Nations. At the interna- -tional diplomatic capital I found many interesting and stimulating events and shall long cherish the opportunity. which was mine.

The international scene was greatly changed by -the launch- ing of two sputniks from the So- viet Union. A deep sense of an- xiety has pervaded the western world since the announcement of the Russian triumph came over the networks of the world. For a long time "we cornfoi'te'd ourselv- es with -the -thought that the So- viet Union lagged behind the U- nited States in technological and scientific attainment. It was a popular sport to debunk and de- ride Russian claims of superiori- ty in this field. Now we do not laugh off the Russian claims. In- deed’, there is perhaps an oppos- ite tendency among people who now stand in awe before the mag-

nitude of Soviet accomplish- men-ts. A NEW LOOK‘

While it would be tragic if the West should know panic in the face of t-he new Kremlin victor- ies in the competition for space control, there is no doubt that we must take a new look at our stra- tegy and diplomacy.

As 1957 neared its close the heads of the leading nations of the western alliance met in Paris to formulate plans to meet the new and changed situation. Clos- er coordination on defence plans and increased American partici- pation on the European continent were immediate results of this important meeting.

But more significant perhaps

l

Ottawa: There appears to be widespread agreement with my allergy to John Foster Dulles, the architect of the sterile for- eign polcy of the U.S.A. Speech- es and reports make it evident that public opinion throughout the Free World is rapidly hard- ening against Dulles and his pol- icy of “no truck nor talk with the Soviets.”

This may be partly because the curtain of secrecy has just been partly, drawn aside, to disclose some of the unexpected horrors and staggering costs of diploma- tic failure today.

Even fifteen years ago, the fail- ure of national leaders to attain their objectives by peaceful talk and compromise was costly, but still comparatively c h e ap in terms of lives, material destruc- tion and taxes. But today we re- alize that one more failure would reduce our families, our homes and our whole world to dust. DIEF VERSUS DULLES

In vivid contrast to Dulles’ pol- icy, Prime Minister Diefenbaker has welcomed as a forward step the British proposal to renew talks with Russia, aimed at end- ing the tensions, costs and "dan- gers of the Cold War.

Last week, on the heels of the

.pessimistic Caither Report, the Rockefeller Report warned the States that they are rapidly los- ing their lead over Russia in the military race; that report went on to forecast that the initial nu- clear volley of rockets, which might be expected to herald the War of Tomorrow in a ten-min- ute trans-atlantic salvo, would kill maim or wound some seventy million women and children and men in the States, or a total of two residents out of every five in the entire nation. A

So it is not surprising that the

‘ Free World is in revulsion a-

M gainsl the inflexible Dulles atti-

tude. which pig-lieadedlv refusesi

‘Dulles’ Attitude Condemned

By Patrick Nicholson Special Correspondent for The Guardian

to consider any approach by or to Russia, on .the grounds that the Soviets ‘have proved themsel- ves untrustworthy in the past. '

All possible diplomatic advanc- es should and must be tried, ra- ther than the risk of war be in- curred by default. As Britain's Prime Minister has said, a new approach would do not harm, and might do good.

Dulles congenitally distrusts a ii d disbelieves the Russians. There is nothing in his personal thoughts that one may criticise. But as the top diplomat of one of the two leading world powers, he certainly should not publicly voice his distrust and disbelief. If he were a true diplomat, he would and should conceal his feel- ings, yet be guided by them to press for every possible safeguard against possible future breaches of faith.

For example, nobody would sug- gest that the West should im- mediately negotiate nuclear dis- armament with Russia. That would merely leave us naked against Russia’s predominance in manpower and in the conven- tional weapons of war. And no- body would suggest that total dis- armament u n d e r agreement should be commenced until a fool- proof system of mutual inspec- tion had been permitted and es- tablished, to make sure that nei- ther party would break faith.

Dulles obviously has a profound ignorance of. and contempt for, public relations. Nevertheless, safeguards should be taken to en- sure that the Soviets would not merely use disarmament talks as a propaganda forum.

Thus there are obstacles in new displmatic approaches to the So-

has been the change in attitude among many of the people of the Western World. As the year end- ed there were new calls fnom dem- ocratic leaders urging a summit meeting with the Russians in th hope of "easing the tensions which -fill the international atmosphere. Prime Minister Macmillan f Gt. Britain, aware of a growin de-~ sire for such conversations‘ on the part of his people, expressed him- self broadly in favor of some such move. It is possible that 1958’wil1 bring some sont of meet- ing between East and West. The

a gathering of the big powers and it is likely that any summit_meet- ing will be restricted to a small number of participatiis. NEW DEVELOPMENTS

The new developments in space- oonquest have brought a sombre urgency to the diplomacy of the present day and a fervent de- -mand for imaginative and vigor- ous leadership in Western capi- tals. It is the hope of our world that this leadership will come to -the fore in 1958. 5

Within Canada the old year was very interesting and there -is little likelihood of the new year marked by dullness or lack of po- litical activity. '

In Prince Edward Island we have had many blessings and some of our crops were more bountiful than ever before. As al- ways nature was kind and visit- ed none of the ravages which of- ten afflict other less fortunate people. On the individual level -the year "1957 brought the usual mix- ture of joys and sorrows, tri- umphs and adversity which is our lot in this life.

All in all, 1957 was not a bad year. As we think back upon it we recall its pleasures and satis-

fa-ctions. To the New Year we

look forward w-ith confidence, and if we are wise, with a determina- tion to do our very best to meet what comes our way.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column In open to the discus.- IIOII by correspondent: of question of Interest. The Guardian does not necer Iiirlly endorse thvl opinion of eorret pondeutr

FARM OPERATIVE COSTS

Sir, — I was more than casual- ly interested with the following pair of patterns which I ran a- cross in recent days: (a) —Qt- tawa (CP) —- Average industrial ‘wages climbed to an all-time high on Oct. 1. . . The average weekly wage increased to $68.85 from $68.48 on Sept. 1 and $66.07 a year ago. . . (News story: “Industrial Wages Climb”); and (B) —“The announcement of the

Agriculture Minister Harkness has not been given the praise it deserves... . If prices are set at generous percentages of the pre- ceding years‘ average, the policy should put an end to the talk a- bout a fair share of the national income for farmers. . . ”(From “Statesmanship on the F a r in Front” by Prof. W. B. Harvey).

Doubtless the above patterns will speak for themselves to read- ers in town and countryside, and the reaction would likely be con- ditioned by the viewpoint‘, or the angle from which the contrast is approached? Herewith is one r e a d e r ’s: My understanding that there are approximately 800,- 000 gainfully employed Canadians in the agricultural labor force - i.e., roughly, one- seventh of the Dominion’s total laborforce? I realize that the nation’s ‘farm

_ ents or by taking a walk to the

usual Russian preference is for‘

new price - support program by »

Using Common Sense With TV

By Herman N. Bundeseii, M.D.

TAKE off your girdle, madam, when you sit down to watch tele- vision.

Ridiculous? Not at all. When you are in the privacy of your own home, and settle down to watch TV for several hours, as most of us do, ‘all girdles and other tight garments s ould be removed or at least loosened. HAZARD TO HEALTH

Whenever you wonder wheth- er TV can be a hazard to health, you probably never think of gir- dles and such. Naturally, your chief concern is for your eyes.

Television can be tiring to your eyes under certain condi- tions.

Try to keep your eyes and at- tention constantly on the move. Don’t try to hold any detail and don’t try to see the whole screen equally well. Every hour or so, give your eyes a rest by closing them for a few mom-

kitchen. . ANOTHER ADVANTAGE .

That frequent walk to the kit- chen has another advantage.

Your eyes may not be all that suffers from prolonged TV view- ing. Sitting in awkward posi- tions for -long periods or wearing tight clothing while seated in cramped fashion may produce serious circulatory disorders.

In fact, a Philadelphia physi- cian, Dr. Meyer Naide, has made a thorough study of the matter. He found that some of his patients had developed blood clots in leg vessels while watch- ing TV. ‘ THREE EXAMPLES One man sat with his leg thrown over the arm of a chair for an hour; another, sat with the back of his knee pressed a- gainst the edge of the chair for an hour and a half; a woman sat with her leg tucked under her for two hours. ‘ After treatment with anticoa-

NOTES BY THE

WAY‘

A report from Toronto tell: of Etiquette

the remarka.ble success of a Swed- ish girl of 16, now a resident of

Canada who, unable to spefik En‘ glish six years ago, has this yea!‘ topped her class after writing Christmas examinations, with an average of 94.11 per cent — the highest ever recorded by the school.——Port Arthur News-Chron- icle