escoroua ____ THE GUARDIAN”

ll ' Ill-ll! (Founded tn 1881'». Authorised an Beeond Clue Mull, Poul. Office Department. Ottawa.

Prealrlenl. ha A. Burnett; Vlce-r-esldeut. Was. It. Burnett; Seam-Tron. G. M, Burnett; Editor and marlin: Director. J. It. Burnett; Asloalnte Editor. Frank Walker.

~.~'"Thn Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk."

(JBARLOTTETOWN, MONDAY, much s, Isis’-

Brltlsh llolurnhla llyaleotlons

In recent British Columbia provincial by- elections, held in the Vancouver lsland riding of Saanich and the interior riding of Cariboo, the Coalition Government candidates were returned by substantial majorities, this result being, in the opinion of the Winnipeg Free Press, a smashing defeat to the C. C. F. which forms the official Opposition in the Pacific Coast Province. The Government's success is hailed as an impressive one because the C. C. F. was so confident of victory and because the Government had just emerged from a serious and weakening dispute between its Literal and Conservative members.

Reason for the C. C. F. defeat, according to the Free Press, was that it was prevented by its own ideology from making the case against the Government which could be made. lt attacked the Government for being opposed to the work- ing classes, whereas British Columbia has led every Province in its huge and almost prodigal expenditures on all forms of social services. The C. C. F. promised more of such services at enormous extra cost to the treasury». The proper criticism would be that Government was raising its costs toward a point where British Columbia, for all its wealth, cannot meet them. It is re- ported that in Victoria the Government is ex- pected to spend $70,000,000 in the next year, with something like $23,000,000 on social ser- vices of one sort and another.

British Columbia may be able to raise this much money at present, in the middle of on unprecedented boom in its basic industries, but the least recession in business would reduce its tax collections overnight, as happened in the thirties. Such a development can hardly be avoided at some point, but the Government, in committing itself permanently to its present scale of living, is certainly heading for grove financial difficulties.

Having won two by-elections under a new leader, it wil-l now be in a good position to begin aconomizing. But is that likely to be the case?

A lilortgaged Heritage

Little has been heard in the Legislature

- this session about the Dominion-Provincial tax

agreement to which so much speech-making on both sides was devoted last year. Two facts, of course, remain unchanged. One is that as a rc- sult of the agreement the Government is better off financially than it has been. The other is that our claims for settlement on a fiscal need basis have not been adequately met, or our pro- vincial rights adequately protected. As in this Province, so in Nova Scotia, as would appear from the following comment in the Sydney Post-Rec- ordl

"The basic objection to the existing agree- ments is that they offer no prospect of future financial security to the smaller Provinces,——that is to the only Provinces that have been induced to accept them. The predicament of the Mari- time Governments is that they have mortgaged their taxation heritage to the limit,--their con- stituional right to levy direct taxes at will,--for Federal annuities, which are certain to pivre ia- adequate to finance Provincial services on dec- ent standards of efficiency, in the years that Ire ahead. The consequence is that when deficits on revenue account reappean-as everyone knows they inevitably must and will,—the Governments of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Ed- ward lsland, finding all major direct taxation sources closed to them, shall have to turn either to the money market, or to Ottawa, for their re- quired supplementary financing. That way surely lies the end of Provincial autonomy."

Elks And Beavers

The recent widespread discussion of Canada's wedding gift to Princess Elizabeth recalls that when the King visited the Dominion in 1939, he neglected to carry home an unusual offering to which, presumably, he was entitled-two elks and he black beavers.

At all events, when the first charter an rec- ord in British Canada was drawn up for the bene- fit of the Governor and Company of Gentleman Adventurers trading in Hudson's Bay in i670, it covered a large part of Canada as well as the chilly waters of the sub-Arctic bay.

Whrit was the payment arranged for this vast concession? The original document reads:

j "Two elk: and two beavers, whenever and 6's often as His Majesty, His Heirs and Succes- sors; shall enter the Company's territories." It was not until I868 that the succeeding Hudson's lay Company surrendered its immense power and far-reaching domain to the Canadian Government upon poymenfof £300,000.

bailiffs; The Bulls tlelil

, lt is. Interesting taurlearn that scientists at the U. S. Public Health (Service have succeeded in isolating and propagating the germ of the

common . pruned fir. volunteers rm thn District a cationic Infirmary, t» tlll New ' $00 thfilllll he! centerfold: 6f a uni- dhl! sclqitlsts as "a thick, thing ‘like what we kiiow as ‘ " nhltl by

agree, is a most unpleasant cold, accompanied by stuffiness in the head, a little fever, mild laryngitis and a dry cough.

Using eggs in which ‘chick embryo is grow- ing, research workers have been able to keep the germ growing for almost a year.

This experiment opens an avenue which may lead to isolating germs ol colds of other types and. perhaps, the irllimote finding of vaccines to prevent them. The scientists are cautious enough to observe that this is a possibility, not a probability. Isolation of any germ marks only the opening stages in the battle to conquer it.

ln the case of the cold there are many ab» stacles presented not alonu by differing types of colds, presumably caused by different germs, but by varying degrees of natural immunity which alone explain why, of persons subjected to ap- proximately the same degree of exposure, some contract colds and others do not.

- tDllURlAL NOTES --

The Legislature is making good progress, and could have all its business transacted by Eastcr if it so desired.

ir i Ir I

There is much to be said for compulsory vat- ing but a script system of exemption would hardly be foolproof in this Province.

A big step in the industrialization of the Maritimes is the C. N. R.'s plan to develop the "Victory Industrial Centre" in Moncton.

o u o e

The R. C. A. F.'s promise of a visit by their air-sea rescue service helicopter would have been welcome after tho big storm. Other forms of transportation were practically at a stand- still.

O i i i

War is most unsettling, even for those not directly engaged in it. Natives of South Seas islands are reported ta have become dissatisfied with paddling or sailing after seeing the Jap- anese tearing around in power boats.

G’ k h’ X

The passing of university representation in the British parliament will cause considerable regret. Those members have frequently been outstanding in their various lines but who would not ordinarily have been successful politicians.

o n n i

Americans, particularly American news- papermen, do not meekly accept the ringing- down of an iron curtain. lt must have been

quitc a shock to certain Communist stalwarts to find an enterprising Boston reporter trying to interview President Ben-es and Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk by telephone. Tne only satisfac- tion he’ got, however, was to be told that Mas- aryk’: voice was "very bad." i U if i

Charlottetown can no longer consider itself a clean city. Smoke and soot blacken the snow within a very short time and probably add to the housewife's tasks. Ottawa has cut its smoke nuisance by 40 per cent, and expects further improvement, so the situation here is not hope- less.

William lll, King of Great Britain and lre- land, died this date i702, was son of Mary, daugh- ter of Charles l and William ll of Orange, mar- ried Mary, daughter of James ll; he came to the throne "to deliver Britain from the Stewarts", which he did through a Weller of blood; also en- gaged largely in continental wars.

i i i i

Mr. F. T. Stanfield, M.P. (Calchester-Hants): "We should have a long term national policv whereby we could make in Canada many of the articles we now import from the United States

. some of these industries should be estab- lished in Nova Scotia. We shall welcome the help of the Government in having new industries established in bur Province." Everyone here will heartily agree with this.

On every working day during the ll months of "I947, the life insurance companies in Canada distributed an average of $672,409.5l fa the beneficiaries of deceased policyholders and to living policyholders in Canada. ln making this announcement, the Canadian Life Insurance Of- ficers Association also said that death and acci- dental death claims in the Province of Prince Edward lsland reached the sum of $86,832 an average of 569i .97 per working day. Death and accidental death claims in Prince Edward lsland were $178,000 on ll0 ordinary policies, and $8,725 on five group certificates. At the some time, the Association announced that, accord- ing to the Life Insurance Agency Management Association, new life insurance protection put in force in Prince Edward lsland during the month of January totalled $475,000.

i fl i it

Three years ago, on March 9, i945, the 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade fought its last en- gagement with the enemy west of the Rhine. On the morning of that date, the Lake Superior Regiment with a squadron of the Governor-Gen- aral's Foot Guards carried out a rapid encircligg movement on the wood between Ionninghardt and Winnenthol. Ninety prisoners were cop- tured without a single Canadian casualty. Then the Canadian Grenadier Guards, with a cam- pony of the Algonquin Regiment, mounted an attack on Winnanthal itself. This proved to be a tougher nut to crack. Early in the afternoon, the Lake Superior: and tanks of the G.G.F.G. joined the attack. After an all-night battle, the enemy admitted that the combination of infantry, tanks and flame-throwers as too much and about 200 hard-bitten parat opers surrend- ered. The 4th Canadian Armoured Brigade in- cluded the Governor Generals Foot Guards, the Canadian Grenadier Guards, the lritish Colum- bia Regiment and the Lake Superior Regiment. The brigade landed in France in July I944 and louglmthroitghaut the remainder of the European

" " ' slnlditb" will

campaign until final victory ln May, I945.

"THE g GUARDIAN.

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Jlotu ly The flay-

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Love makes the world [o round so fast you lose your balance at the bank. ~ Brandon Bun.

"Delft call a nun a Ill! unless you can prove It." advised a writ. er. 0r unless you are ready to go to court, run or fight. -KlrigstoI| WhIg-Stundard.

Mrs. -- ts trying to arrange ivhat. hospitality she can In this parish. If you can gtve any ec- cammodation to a bishop, no mat.- ter how small. during tho months of July and August, will you write to her st. Croydon. - St. Peter‘.- Parlsh Magazine, Croydon.

England ls sending tractors West zicross the Atlantic to us. We're tale we musl. send tractors first. across the Atlantic to help European farmers. Oh, well. ll; makes as much sense as a lot. of other thing. we have with us. - Detroit Free Prfil. .

There will be much sympathy for the unlucky young Ottawa hoc- key player who fell on the polnr. of an opponent's skate and so in- jured an eye that. It. had to be removed. I-Iockey 1s not In Itself. or course n-dangerous game, and this mlsnhance was just bad luck-Ot- tawa Journal.

Tndlllonal Chinese politeness seems to have gone by the boaru in shanghai. After the demonstra- tions. whtch the Chinese did not attempt. w quash, British proper- ly owners reaelved a pallco nottce: "There are a lot. of slogans writ.- ten with all and Ink at. your mam. entrances. Please wash or chip them away promptly ho preserve the neatness of our city." — Am- herst. News.

The good behavior o! the in- habitants of Hunnebostrand. a small place near Gothenburg. Swe- den. has for many years been a source of embarrassment to the local prison authorities. The con- ttnued lack of any ktncl of offen- der has now resulted In the de- ctslon to close the local prison ‘il- together and tn offer Its entire stock of convicts’ costumes —~num- berlrig three -for sale by auction. -I.ondon Times. -

A South Devon motor hearse carrying an empty coffin to Bar- rier. Hospital. Hertfordahlre, was stopped near Bat-net by a police motor patrol. After Inquiries rho police searched both hearse and coffin before allowtng the vehicle b0 proceed. The reason they gov: was that: previously they had seen another hearse, complete will: flowers, pose through n village sev- eral tunes. Eventually they noticed that the flowers were withering. They had swpped the hearse and ordered the coffin to tie-opened, and In Il: found four sides of brscnn destined for the Landon black market. _ London Ttmes. .

‘The average reformofory 1s nothing but. a penitentiary in dis- gufse. 1t generally Ia swamped with twice as many offenders as IL was designed to handle. It. Is all foo of- ten crippled by patltles. The Idea of stern. undevtntlng puntshment tends to take precedence of the Idea of reform. The result. Is that. tn too many cases, ll a young man Isn't. ruined for ltfe before his Incarcera- tton, he tsH-ulnea when he comes out. The very word "reformotory" has become a mockery. Kirk- land Lake Northern News.

There are many little "tricks" which help tn getttng the best. hut out of the amount of ‘fuel consum- ed In the home -a matter of ut- most Interest. lo every “ouseholder these cold days. For Instance, the Canadian Institute of Plumbing and I-Ieattng points out. that. o quarter-Inch of loaf. In u furnace has the some Insulating effect u several Inches at concrete. There- fore It Is of great. importance thor- the furnace and heating boiler ae kept clean of soot. and ooal duss. Another little heating hint. Ia af- fered by Canadian General Elec- tric. Well placed fans. they ll:- aon Increase the temperature at‘ the average room four to st: do- greeu at brldge table level. The average room Is 10 demos warm- er als cetltnrg level than at. floor level. Experiments show that; u. ordinary cable fan can be directed against the cetllng and keep thic- difference In temperatures so only two degrees. ~ Owen flaund Sun-Times. .

In n reeoat article the London New statesman and Nation say! that. U. s. ctttnns are talktng n.- bout the Marshall Plan “from Medtctne Hot. to Arooetook Coun- ty." Aroostoak county In the north- ern sector of Metric. touching the Canndtan border and’ here, n. hun- dred years ago, the Arooafrooldnris clashed wtth the Canadtanl tn a slight terrltorlal disagreement. But. there never was any rtlugreernenl. about the border south of Medl- clne Hat. That. place was alwaya tn Canadian territory, was named by Canadians and has a Oanadg tun rtnl about. It which any eu should recognise. The United states doubtless envtea us Mm.- clne Hat. 8o. one suwooes,‘ "dons Brltnln and every other country- Who wouldn't? But. the Untied States will have to oattaflod wtob Kalamazoo and Albuquerque, aria Brtontn with Moulahole, last. Blaughter and thl wultapa, whldlr lack u» ltrong- flavor at Medicine Rut. but have a oertnIn guatntnua. Medicine mt In not for anterior tslclobootolanbylffurnallahtao luy to look at the mop. - Win- nipeg Free Prone.

Minion - (or) — Ohai-lel Philips, treasurer of a ‘south London Bopttat church. homeom-

pletntt Ilyekl u-osaaas lehool . f

"fer ‘shortage’ In an

CHARLUPFETOWN

6+O@§OOO0#§+0%§Q60+O§§§

riuouc FORUM

this eeluus to opu no the Chanda: by oorrn- aponileatu of Questions n! < Interd- Tlsa Charlottetown Gandhi: does uot-neeemar- 1 ll; Glllorlo the opinion u! eorreapoarluula

¢+o+~l A POUND or BU’l“l‘.lIR_

Sin-J note Lhal news sioxgv " Ottawa In The Gviurdlan of Feb. 28, indicating flhat. "John Define. agent. for a Notifies-lands company. today sold Holland ls prepared to shtrp 300.0(1) pounds of oleorrnisr- garlne to Canada. If allowed. With- out. duty, the margarine would re- tell at. 38 cents a pound."

Then. In your Editorial Notes In that some Issue I see this keen point along the sarme tutor-tie: "The fact. as brought. out In the Delft’- nnonfls Association meeting uhat. Cunadlon consumption o! butler Is 28.6 pounds per _caplla as compar- ed with AITYIETICH“ consumption of 14.8 pounds of both lJIIlI/Ol‘ and margarine puts the Canadian but- altogether new llghl. The scarcity hind result.- lng high prlee ts due In no small measure to the largo amount of butter consumed by the average Canadian."

My own view Is that. In ‘a fair survey of txxtays prices for most of the things urban Canadians buy, rs pOUIIKI of No. I ereamery butter Is nflll fair value for around 70 cent-ts cash. When the whole range or the funnier‘: ‘iopes-uting costs" move back to more ap- propriate levels, I have no doubt at all that the retail orke-fa: on that. same poumd of No. I cream- ery butter will be progressively sterpiaed-drrwn to, say. the SO-cent level. At this latter level, most. of the steam In the "rrnargarine" campaign would evaporate. So. In is very practical sense. urban Canadians have the control levers In their own hands.

You will be Interested to know that our "Group of Seven" urban study clulb were given the benefll of an am-the-spof. sample of com- paratlve values, while discussing the above Guaa-dlan Items. One of our members treated the rest to a cup of coffee. md took the oo- caslon to analyse (in terms of xmtrtttonl the expenditure of 70 cents therefor. It was the con- census that. we were Btfltlm! l total of not over 2 cents of real value apiece-ten based an all Qpemllng costs-and we were willing be allot. u further 6 cents overall profit; t.e., an aggregate of 20 cents’ worth of roads and services for an expenditure of 70 cents] The farmer’! pound of buf-

fer looks like smart value. earn- puratlvely speaking. I am. Sin. etch FAIR PLAY

THE HIGH SCHOOL QUESTION

sir, _ Do we realize the import- unce of a wide and complete edu- cation for our. children? Tummy asked Maj. RS. Jénkins- He Went on to say: All employers need young people and the firef- Gulf-ll0" usually gsked is, “What education have you?" RE. Islanders have good bralns and Intelligence and If Lhls native ability is to be devel- oped to the ultimate benefit of the Individual and the province. then surely education along the very ‘best. and most suitable lines I: ne- cessary and should be assured to every childfand available In his awn aJ-ea, we sit have the welfare of the children at. hoarl; and desire IOVIQQ the schools placed where ehlldiren can derive pleasure on well as education. It. would make parents educational plans easier to carry out If children could develop a natural Interest. ln their own ed- ucation and a new and pleasing en- vtrorirnent. ll a very blg step tow- ards this.

Modern parents realize that with- out. education a youngster has very little chance qt competing tn the world of business. crrnmerce or fanning. ‘the uucaested Composite High School would provide on ed- ucation suited to present day needs. Just. as our farm Implem- ants, factory machinery, engineer- in: and so many modern inven- tlons Improve and chan!!! W131 time so do our educational needs change. other provlnrer are ap- parently alive to this fact and are building new schools he rapidly u possible to alleviate the varlous disadvantages In exlsltlng schools. In the new curricula belnz pro- posed for these schools emphasis ll being given to developing subjects of benefit ta bhe particular local Industries. In the new Compaalta High School at Wollaceburg. Ont.- arlo, the agricultural section Is one of the most hnportant and right- Iy no, as this I: an agricultural con-manila, New Brunawlclc has also completed plans for Compos- Ite High Schools. Oon we afford to be left. behind In our educational program? Is It fslr to our child- ten?

Many at our young men who left the Island to flgtrt In World War I! were more or less satisfied with educational eondlltons, but on re- turning thy have In great num- ‘bers taken’ advantage of the educational courses provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs to enable them fa bet.- ter their llvlng condlttonl. of the” men would not have need- ed these courses excvt u a re- fresher had the Irictllttos of a bet- trer and more complete education

been available to them earlier, Many wtshtn to fake adventure of the who cal ' ‘ schemes