l

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principle but .9- b I

The fortress on Citadel Hill was completed 215 years ago in 1749. Its purpose was as a

British navy and army base and a protection against mar-

Citadel Served Purpose Through Mere Existence

By DON LeBLANC

HALIFAX (OF) -—A cannon has never been fired in anger from Citadel Hill in the centre of this Nova Scotia capital. and never has the ancient fortress been called apon to resist inve- sion. Completed in 1749 and re- built three times. it has served Its purpose merely by existing.

Citadel Hill now is the most popular of Canada's national historic parks. Drawing 250.000 visitors a year. Its (W0 mu- seums—the army museum and the historical branch of the Nova Scotia museum of science -—arc open all year.

Exhibits of early life in Nova Scolia. including dress. furni- tul'e and farm implements, fill one restored building.

Bin perhaps the greatest sm- gic attraction in the provincial mii~ciim is a life-like model of Alllllr MacAskill. the Cape Bre- ton (want. The seven-foot-niiie- iiii-li :ianl was born in Scotland In 1825 and died at St. Ann‘s. Cape Breton, in . He weighed 425 pounds and wore a Mic-inch boot. which is dis- played near the model.

The army museum, housed in casemates. contains everything from swords. spears and suits of armor to a full-sized model of a Mie‘M. : Indian dressed in the normal attire of the period.

Among the collections is a model of Halifax as it was in 1750. a year after its founding as a British navy and army

base.

At that time the entire com- munity was encompassed by a number of forts linked together by wooden palisades as a tection against marauding 1n- dians. P l a n n o Edward Cornwallis after he arrived here with more than 2.500 settlers. it was part of the first citadel.

Twelve years later the small fort was considered obsolete.

auding Indians. But a cannon has never been fired in anger from its ramparts and its in- habitants have never had to

The work of constructing the second citadel beg n i 1761 under Maj.~Gen. Bastide but it stopped a year later. His sys- tem of irregular earth and sod fieldworks was considerably en- larged and strengthened about 1776 by Captain William Spry who added many guns and a wooden blockhouse to serve, among other purposes. as a barracks for 100 men.

The period of marked activuy

on the Citadel was a result of.

the American Revolution but work ceased when peace came.

A decade later. during Napd leon's rapid rise to power. Hali- fax defences were again in need of repair.

When the Duke of Kent. thcii Prince Edward, became com- mander-in-chief at Halifax in 1794. he undertook to rebuild the fortress. using a new and simpler plan than those of his predecessors. The task took four years P ri n c e Edward named the Citadel Fort George in honor of his father. George III.

In the construction, Prince Edward had called for a field work “to contain 1.000 men with log bomb-proofs for 650 men. a magazine for powder to contain 1.200 barrels. and one for pro- visions to contain all kinds of species for three months."

Fort George had all this and more but. by 1825—27 years after its completion—n stone bomb - proof magazine. added during the War of 1812. was all that remained.

It was the War of 1812 that made Britain aware of the need for a permanent fortres here as a strong Atlantic base.

REBUILT AGAIN

Under orders from Britain. Col. Gustavus Nicholls began building the fourth citadel in 1828. Work on the fort went on

Talks On Pacific Fisheries Schedule To Begin Today

By N HANRIGHT

OTTAWA (CPl—The search for a new agreement to protect the North Pacific salmon and halibut fisheries resumes here today in negotiations among the United States. C a n a d a and Japan.

The talks are expected to last three weeks. There is a distinct poSSibility the conference then Will adjourn until after the U.S. presidential elections in N0-

Fisheries Minister led an! Robhaud said Tuesday he is confident a solution will be found to safeguard Canadian interests.

Last week President Johnson acid the 11.5. has made major contributions to restoring and maintaining the salmon and halibut industries and has a special interest in them.

"We are determined to pro- tect that interest while giving every consideration to the legit- imate interest of the other par- ties to the convention." he laid.

AGREED NOT to FISH

At stake is the 1958 Norm Pacific F i s h cries convention under which Japan agreed. as a paint of principle, “(h to fish salmon and halibut cast of 175th meridian which divides the Pa~ cific.

The treaty provided starting this year any country can 31W a year's notice that it would no longer adhere ment. No such notice has yet been served.

Sources here say the shuttle: In trying to write a new treaty In Japan. though it has no im~ mediate intention of taking sal- mon and halibut in the Eastern Pacific. refuses to acknowledge the U.S. and Canada have the dam to domnd she abstain

It is understood the Japanese Want to erase the abstentim

ultimately mas short-terns. unaw-

able proctol by which she would still in fact abstain.

CATCH 18 REGULATED Canada's main concern is the West Coast salmon fishery. The catch now is closely regulated by confining commercial fish- ing to the rivers, to which the various species of salmon re. turn at different times to

spawn.

The Japanese. on the other hand. have learned to take sal- m re the species mingle. Their catch is therefore indiscriminate. maldng conser- vation by pecies impossible and often including immature

5 mon.

Mr. Robichaud had prelimin- ary talks with the Japanese last. week in Tokyo where he at- bended the Canada-Japan min- isterlal meeting.

The Tokyo communique said only the ministers exchanged views and “expressed t a hope that at the forthcoming meeting in Ottawa an acceptable for- mula will be found to meet the problems facing the two coun- tries in this field."

CHARGE TNTRUSION

NEW DELHI (APl~lndla has charged that a three-man Red Chinese patrol intruded into Sikkim Aug. 27 as "part of Chi- na's scheme to keep up tension along the Sine-Indian boun- da ." India’s “strong pro- test." delivered in Peking Sept. 5. was presented to Parliament Tuesday. It C‘iincse patrol penetrated northeast of Sikkim’s capital of Gangtok but withdrew on sight- ing an Indian patro

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DAM‘B LAKE

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', of some Western European

mmmwasm.s.m 7

New Rift On Trading May Erupt In NAIO

By DAVE MCINTOSH

OTTAWA tCPi—A new rift within the North Atlantic Ali:- ance over trading relations be- tween its members and the Communist world may be on the horizon.

Informed sources said Tues day the business communities,

opposed to any relaxation of the restriction partly on the grounds that long - term credits would be another form of econ- omic aid for the Communist countries and enable them to divert more resources into mil- itary production.

Without necessarily accepting

lthe American argument, the iCanadian government has gen- ?erally felt credit terms of five years are sufficient to cover products which this country ex- ports. p The five - year maxunum credit term has been discussed ‘1 in the NATO council from time ito time though it probably hasn't aroused the same argu- ment as over the alliance‘s list .of strategic goods which are not supposed robe exported to Communist countries.

Britain recently extended 12- ycar credit arrangements to :Czechoslovakia to enable it to

This is mainly because Can- Ipay for {5 fertilizer Plan“ ada’s major exports to Commu- IFrance ‘5 “elmmad ready ‘0 nist countries are cereals and abandou the five - year fesu‘lc' the credit extended for such1

countries are bringing strong pressure on their governments to abandon the agreement lim- iting government - guaranteed credits to a period of five years. I

There has been little such} pressure in Canada but this situation cOuld change suddenly if some Communist country sought to purchase through 1011;, term credit heavy production machinery in this country. in- formants said.

So far, there has- been no disposition by the Canadian government to guarantee credit beyond a term of five '

2‘ o

purchases has been for three Ini‘ormanis said if disregard

resist invasion. Its only war . has been against obsolescence and the elements.

CP Photo)

for a number of years but less than 40 years after it was started. the extensive facilities were considered obsolete. British troops garrisoned the Citadel until Canada took over its own defences in 1906. Dur- ing the First World War it was used as a detention camp for prisoners and suspicious aliens and during the Second World ’ar as a radio station. signa‘ ,post and as a site for anti-air- ‘crafi guns and searchlights. The Citadel‘s condition went from bad to worse before the

Red Minister Impressed By Friend liness

years. of the restriction becomes gen- The five-year restriction was jcral among its Western allies. agreed upon in 1934 as a means 3 Canada naturally will have to of preventing inter nationaliconsider similar action to pne- cOmpetition for cheaper credit_§vent any possible discrimina. The United States has been ition against Canadian industry.

i

This old photo

Vicksburg.

Unreasonable Restrictions

SHE MAY RIDE THE

shows Civil War ironclad Cairo which has rested in a muddy grave beneath the Yazoo River near Miss. s'n e 12. 1862. On that day. while in

_.., c

‘ s

WATERS AGAIN

that the Confederate forces couldn't find her. Now salvage men using cable slings hope to raise her to the surface before too long. (AP ercphoto)

a m.

the search of electrical mines or torpedoes. she was holed twice by explosive charges and sank without loss of life. The crew

blew off the smokestacks so

Dec.

pressure groups in Canada had not yet succeeded in inﬂuencing the administration of justice to lthe extent they had in o lUnited States.

“the same forces

cuttimiii’iis‘iif’Is°i¥l°‘v’3ti:5 Keaton Plans Travelogue For National Film Board

chenko says he has been lm-l pressed by he friendliness ofi Canadian farmers and agriculaI tural officials while on his tour of Canada.

The minister headed an eight- man delegation of Russian ag- ricultural experts who arrived in Nova Seotia Tuesday.

Their two-day visit will con- centrate on inspections of food processing facilities. orchards. dairy and poultry farms in the Annapolis Valley.

Mr. Volovchenko told a press conference his delegation was not negotiating for any purch- ases. The tour of anada was primarily to enable the group to become acquainted with Can- ada‘s agricultural achievements

HALIFAX (CP) —- B u ste r Keaton, his famous fiat-top hat perched at a daring slant. re- vealed here Tuesday will make his first documentary motion picture for Canada's National Film Board.

Keaton. 68. the celebrated star of many Hollywood silent comedies, arrived here to start the first location shooting for the film. tentatively entitled Rail-Rudder.

A sort of comedy travelogue. it will be a silent. two - reel color film, in which Keaton will will make a coast - to - coast

resources and development de- partment. now the northern af- fairs and national resources de- partment. took it over in 1951. it was to become a national his-

toric park five years later. ‘ The work of restoring the Ci- i tadel goes on. Casemates mustf be repaired. the great wall sur- I rounding the fort kept up andf :Old guns remounted. , I “We must keep everything} authentic." says G. L. Scott. re- l gionail director of national parks I for the northern affairs and na- tional resources department. “it means getting details of the fort exactly as they were years ago but yet constructing

and research. trip across Canada usiu'z a

Canadian National Railways'

STUDY mNING gasoline - powered Speeder for HAILEYBURY. Ont. rep)- transport.

Nine students between tile. agesI “They told me it was about of 20 and 29 have arrived from trains." Mr. Keaton said_ “and :PﬁaUg‘ggd gep‘ighc ‘tﬁ £32353"; I love trains. My favorite of all i anzi ar 0 a e i . , . .

two-year course at the Provin- the ﬁlms I'lfe made 15 The E’en' cial Institute of Mining here. eral and Its about trams.

SASKATOON ICP.l — Police cannot offer the protection de- manded of them if unreason- able restrictive measures place t‘iem in a legal strait jacket. .1. Adrian Robert of Montreal. president of the Canadian Po—

Alta.. the Fraser Canyon and Vancouver. The trip is expected to take

about five weeks. A Film Board lice Chiefs Association, said spokesman said the film should Tuesda

be ready for release about —w—~—H—-" 7* C‘mtmas' iBoard subjects The Ride and

Mrs. Keaton. who is accom-iMy Financial Career. panying her husband during the: It .11 b 1. film making. sat quietly In the; _ m e pmduced by JU’an background while Keaton rem_iBiggs, veteran NFB film-maker inisced with reporters. fwhose Comparisons series is

“They told me I would see? Pemg Show" 0“ the CBC "3‘ Canada," he said. “and l likedi honal network- that. it's been about 48 years since l quit vaudeville. and it's about that long since I've been in some of tie Canadian cities I used to play.” '.

sked how he came to ac-I quire his famous Buster Keaton hat. he said "when I started in picturesl fell my hat so much it got sort of flat. I started wearing it that way":

The picture will be directed‘ by Gerald Potterton. whose pre-i

Said Hampering Police Job

However. .. are at work and the same ' (31ml ROME”; "I all ad‘glﬁis groups of well meaning but ill 0 9.3"""3 ‘9’“.9" '0" ° . e informed citizens are seen re- Canadian Assoctation of Chiefs questing the enactment of law. of Police. urged the establish- resmcting the police in the ment of a permanent legislative ﬁeld of arrest. search, seizure. committee of his association to interrogation and so forth»-

study all proposed legislation Chief Robert sai “to ado“ dealing with law enforcement. an attitude that this will never _ He also suggested a public happen here would only “win information program to inform disaster‘ n has happened 1. "mums "r some “l the PMP' other countries and it will hap- Iems and needs of law enforce-

, pen in Canada if we do not

merit agencies. .act now.“ Chief Robert said too often WEE—m criminals are freed on tech- {our major health threatsV with

nicalities and the police chas- cancer. mental illness and heart tised by the courts. He said disease.

FAIR DISPLAYERS

:it with lasring qualities."

The students were brought to Canada by the external aid of- fice in co-operation with the On- tario department of education and the Tanganyikan govern- ment.

Some 6,500 exhibitors from more than 50 countries will be taking part in the 1964 Leipzig Autumn Fair.

vious film credits include the

. Keaton. his time - worn face ‘ I _ prize — winning National Film

Icracking with a broad smile.

I

'i unfolded a six-foot map to show reporters attending a press con- ference here the route he would a take in tiie film.

RIGHT WRIGHT

IBEGINS NEAR HALIFAX

The location shooting will be- gin near Halifax with siopS’ near Quebec City. Montrcah IOttawa. Rivers, Man, Jasper.‘

I I I i I

‘ Meet...

and other Canadians

daily strip

The

Work on the South Saskatch- ewan Dam will be so advancedi by fall. 1965. that filling thel loo-mile-long lake behind it will bull.

Sir John A. Macdonald

great in

THE GIANTS

An exciting new

telling

the life stories

of famous Canadians since 1867 in...

Patriot

Begins Mon., Sept. 14

See the

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