Guardian
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i7A’oi-f3"—'rRiiiAf,. JA.\'l'ARl' 10. 1954.
A Great Undertaking
P1‘e_:1(lP]1l .li'-l1ii_-oll'.‘- lll'l4‘ll‘:l‘Ial~l|lg fa launch 3 ;:.|_lultl million offensive azaiiist iW\'f“'f.\' in the United states is no doubt motivated. in part by p.,ilii.~,ql (‘0l‘l$-l(lf?1'8Ilnl1.S. The race for the prcsidciitial lI(mlllli'l-- tions. as a prelude to the Pl“’5l' dential election. is on: and while .\Ir. Johnson's nomination as the Demo- cratic candidate is assured. it is necr-ssaifiv for him to P1'95‘~°“l 3 Illatform that will have natioii—wide appeal. Rut the calibre of the man is revealed in the choice be H83 made of this issue as one of Para’ mount. ln1_'p(‘l’lFll"(“‘-
Lagt \\'_DPl>( .Vlr, Johngori breezed through the last. da.v.= of his fit‘-=t ...-,,,-kmg \“_q{al’lf'|]‘l back home in Texas. and tliizro were hints at that time that he wafi Dl‘€I’3l‘ll1E *0 Pm‘ pose in Congress some form of ~pm-.-.1-+,_- p;.i:Ic.ago" to meet the problem of distressecl living stand- ards in the midst of general pros- perity. He did this on Wednesday in his first Sta.te._pf-t.he-Union mes- sage and accompanied it with pro- pogals for ti'iniming expenditiires in other directions to the tune Of some 397.900 million while, plofllrllltz that the “full strength of our com- bat dpfe,n_:es" would be maintained.
This aiiti-poverty drive on the most massive scale ever attempted by any nation in world histoi'_v is something to fire the imagination. It is. we gather from 'WaSl1inlIl°" coninientators. to be a many-pi'ong- ed attack through specialized chan- nels such as housing. education. iiii- employment assistance and other projects. While it falls li-.to the category of domestic policies. its implications will be world wide. for it could well set. a pattern for other nations to follow.
It has been the existence of poverty in the midst of plenty that has provirled Communism with its host pl‘op3lI3l1(‘la weapon in the past. Pl‘P.=lflPnT Joliiison F!\‘l(lP.l1Il}' realizes this quite clearly. He can well claim that in meeting this challenge head- on. he is championing the cause of di=mnri'ac_v in the most effective rnanner. and channeling the na- tion's rissoiirces into the most im- portant of all coinpctitive fielrls.
Even if he fails in achieving all he has set out to do. he will have started a race much more profitable to mankind than rocketing A man to the moon. or cleveloping more nuclear power in a world alrcarl_" capable of hlastiiig all its inhab- itants into F-l’Pl‘I‘Ill’._\' ten times over.
Costly, Bul Necessary
Higher educariori in Canada is in need of more money. and this is not a matter that can either be shirked or postponed. The urgency of the problem was stressed before Prime Minister Pearson last May by the Canadian Universities Foun- dation. and in presentations before the Royal Commission on Taxation. More recently. the Foundation sub- mitted its case to Finance Minister Gordon for consideration in his forthcoming budget.
Briefly. the situation is that the total requirement. of capital for our universities and colleges. and for the creation of research facil- ‘ltles at university-affiliated teach- ing hospitals, for the three years 1968-64 to 1965-66. will approxi- mate $800 million. Setting aside revenue anticipated from provincial governments. from gifts and from loan funds available through the
g M l Mortgage and Housing Cor- ’ fl7l'If.lon, the remaining med still I; total: more than $300 million for
. -—..rn-V.<
R t urged that the Federal Government deal directly with this problem by establishing a. $300 mil- lion fund for matching capital grants to universities and colleges. and that in view of the urgency of the need the fund be made retro- active to include projects under- taken after June 30, 1963.
Other proposals have been ad- vanced by the Foundation which are worthy of consideration. Canada, it is suggested, should‘ take the in- itiative in establishing a program of scholarships and fellowships for exchanges within a world-wide French cultural communit,v——a plan comparable in its conception with the successful Commonwealth Scholarship and Fellowship Plan.
It was also urged that with a view to increasing gifts and grants to universities. no limit be placed on donations which might be de- ductible for income tax purposes. also that both the Income Tax Act. and the Estate Tax Act be amend- ed to treat as tax deductible. do- nations made by Canadians to uni- versities in other countries. The object of this is not only to en- courage Canadians to make such donations but to encourage other countries to adopt similar legislation for the benefit of Canadian univer- sities.
Other proposals include exemp- tion of universities from the federal sales tax. and a revision of the provisions of the lnconie Tax Act. affecting the taxability of full-time students. for the purpose of recog- nizing realisticallv the present cost
‘of higher education to student and
parent.
What the Canadian Universities Foundation is reallv concerned with is the future of Canada's younger generation. Money must be raised somehow to insure that university standards are adequately maintain- ed. The complexity of Canada's con- stitutional position in matters of education is recognized. but it is argued~convincingl,v we t h i ii k— that Ottawa has a responsibility here. at least to the extent of initiating action with the provinces so that the problem, one way or another. can be met.
Precarious Peace
The presence of reinforced British troops and agreement by leaders of C}'pl'llS. Greece aiirl Tur- key to meet. in London have mo- mentarily calmed the crisis in Cyp- rus. The cause of the renewal of civil war is not cured. however. nor is there much hope that. it will be.
The Greek Cypriots want enosis, or unity with Greece. The Turk Cypriots still want the island divided on nationalistic lines. Such a division would invite economic chaos and would not end the fight- ing between the two groups.
Aichbishop M:-ikarios. president of Cyprus. didn't remedy the situa- tion hy his abrupt decl.'1ration that he wanted to iic-gate the treaties under which his nation was born. The British promptly pointed out that he could not legally do that, and he has withdrawn his proposal while letting it be known that this is his goal.
Reviewing the troubled situa-.
tion. the Milwaukee Journal says: “Here is a case where. even at the risk of being called colonialist. one wishes that a new state had not rushed out from under British con- trol before it could guarantee its economic and political security."
True indeed. But it will be re- called that Britain got more abuse than thanks for its attempts to maintain control in the interest of economic and political security. Now it is doing what it can to keep the peace. and its allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization are hoping devoutly that it will sue- ceed.
For the situation. as the Mil- waukee paper points out. has im- port far beyond the tragedy that renewed civil war would mean to Cypriis itself. Greece and Turkey are members of NATO, and should they fall out, over the Cypriot crisis the NATO security belt would be damaged in a vital part.
EDITORIAL NOTE
On a farm in New York state, experimenters used an deaf:-onic brain to guide them in developing a new breed of “placid” chickens. The liens. it is claimed, will keep on laying eggs under conditions which send laaut fowl Into I gab-
i
l
9IrAwA REPORT by
Nol Problem Still ThreotOt Wor
If the averazc Canadian was given one wish. he would prob- ably — especially if he is a fath- er — wish for peace: perma- nent peace on acceptable terms with no future threat of war. Many people in many la nd 5 would use one wish the s a m e way - even in Russia.
Our present state of "peace- ful co - existence" between two heavily armed c a in p s is called a cold war; in fact. it is the risk of a nuclear death. Re- member that during the Cu ba crisis about one ye a 1' ago. our then Foreign Secretary one day declared in all sincerity that. when he went to bed the pre- vious night. he had not expected to wake up again: he had anti- cipated that Tornnto and Mon- treal and Vancouver and other clties in Canada and elsewhere would be obliterated by unher alded nuclear attacks during the night. Remember (no that military experts have estimat- ed that such an attack unleash- ed by one of the great nucloa r. powers would trigger 60 minu- tes of reciprocal horror which would leave 360 million people dead and our globe largely un- lnhahltable.
MUST SEEK REAL PEACE
surely m o r e happy ways of I loving nne's neighbour and even of turning the other cheek.
But we exist on a precipice. a‘ dangerous precipice over wlilchf mankin may be p u 9 li e ti. a costly precipice which demands‘ so much wasteful 9XpPIlf'lllllI‘E‘ of our taxes and of our resourc-‘ es and of the s k I l I of our scien-l tists. which could be applied to; more humanitarian ends. We‘ should leave no toe - hold un- tried to climb away from this precipice. while yet preserving: our freedoms. And level that the people on the of he side of this precipice feel thel sam .
So. when Russla’s Prem lcr. Nikita Khrushchev. last week- wrote a letter to the heads of western governments appeal- Lng for steps to ensure peace. I did not clap my hands wll l!‘
‘I
‘ curb imports of lumber from
‘is
Patrick Nicholson
glee when if was reported fhatl USA‘s Foreign Secretary hosnf Rusk had given a brusque. reception to this toe-hold which; deserved study. I
Russia's ambassador I v a n : Shpedko delivered a slmi la 1'‘ letter to Prime Minister Pear- son —- in Russian with an "un- official translation" ln English. Mr. Pearson renmvned as a skil- led and conciliatory diplo- mat. reacted less conlly fli a n Mr. Rusk. and appeared to de- tect in if a ray of hope for peace. But nobody else had been told exactly what the letter said. NEW RUSSIAN LINE?
So I spoke to Ambassado r Shpedkq. and asked for a copy of this letter addressed to the heads of government. in Canada. Britain. France. USA and many other countries. Yes. there was one other copy of the “unofflc- ial translation": so my initia tlve paid off and I surprisingly. obtained the document WlIl(‘l1l
every journalist and e v e r y
ambassador in Ottawa w ould have liked to see,
If its words mean what. they say. it is an eye - opening letter.
If is an offer and an appeal to renounce war means of settling territorial disputes. It describes the historical danger to world peace of even th (- smallest boundary d l s p u t e . and stresses how this can esca- late Into global war. Th e 21 - page letter is far too I o n g to be quoted ln this space. But I can honestly say that t ap- pears to indicate a new line of thinking in the Kremlin.
Russia now buys bread before bombs. Khrushchev‘; Russia. in contrast to Stalin's Russia. will not compel its citizens to die from hunger rather fh an spend on wheat the gold which could be used to build 5 o m 9 pie - in - the - sky communlsflc future.
The Moscow Treaty banning nuclear tests in the air and sea has made a start towards "gen- eral and complete disarma- ment ‘. to quote Khrushchev‘s stated objective. Every toe- hold must be explored to keep up that progress, or we wll lapse hack into an uncontrol- led nuclear arms race. This letter many be a turning point for the world.
He Used His Veto
Montreal Gazette
President Johnson has faced a test very early in his office-— at test of his attitude toward re—l strlctlnns on trade with (‘anada.l This has come about with re-. gard to lumber. one of the com- modities that. over the years. has had a pai-ticulrly insistent lobby in Washington. Only last! September over 100 members of] the House of Representatives pe- 3 titloned President. Kennedy to
Canada. "The industry ls asking only an opportunity to compete with Canadians on an equal bas- saicl their spokesman.
President Johnson has had to come to a decision over a bill which would have restricted the use of Canadian lumber by re-
PUBLIC
FORUM
MORE ABOUT CO-OP CASE
Sir:- Since when has the Ap- peal Board become a publicity committee for the City Council or for that matter. for co-op housing?
These publicity agents made the statement that it cost the‘ Charlottetown tax payers $1.5(l0~ per lot to develop our project. Pray tell us on what basis did the mathematicians work in or- der to draw this conclusion. And who are the Charlottetown Tax- payers‘? Are we included? How much did it cost us to develop—- let'a say the lots on W ate r Street?
We cannot imagine a progres- alve Council Incorporating land and p up an opportunity to have If ddveloped in order to allow it to lie dormant produc- ing very little if any revenue. To the public may we say that we have contributed much to the development of the land which we now occupy and which now net: the City of Charlottetown an Increase in revenue in the vicinity of $10000 per year.
If the City of Charlottetown had granted us I tax concession. it could then be said that th not so much granted us a favour —but more correctly gave assis- tance to a project which is much in line with the election platform of our Mayor and Council of pro- vldfng low cost lion 3 or w coat rentals. Incidentally then ll such a thing as tax concessions and if the City Council has not the power to grant tax concea-
slons. why then have they not sought ouch ? Surely on ma not no
cost housing-—au expensive ro- aurdi mt hm
mu uoovsndhlnurmdfiro-.
cord of tax concessions granted In other municipalities. In our neighbouring Province of Nova Scotia the fown of Sydney grant- ed fax concessions providing fix- ed taxes of $10.00 per month for 10 years.
To the comment that if we were granted a fax concession we would have to accept the rat- lng of second class citizens. we say with all slncei-lty that we would only be too proud to be placed In I class with our veter- ans to whom we all owe so muc .
Further we humbly say that those who were willing to bend their backs to manual labour under the acorn 9 who deem themselves the high and mighty. and who did not hesit- ale to apply themselves In the face of what would seem insur- mountable obstacles. to the ar- dous task of providing for them- selves and their families suitab- le accommodations-these are men we can say without boasting of the caliber that will in a lie worthy citizens of any commun. lty regardless of their classifica- on.
so i..
discussions and ml¢l- lngs during our study of Co- op Housing. a phrase that was of- ten used was this: Co-operatives will not fall the people. but peo- ple can fall cooperatives. Co-or erative Housing or rather the Prince Edward Island Housing Commtuloii - has felled -us thrmigfi lack of interest and u- gneulveness. They have not ach- ieved and therefore cannot ulc- gua the true goal of augm- tfvu housing and that In to pro-
quiring a cnuntry- of-orlglii lab- el on all ll'Il‘30l‘l€d products. each time they were repackaged in the United States. "There is no need for this bill." said MI’. Johnson. And he vetoed it.
If restrictions on Canadian lumber were to be imposed. the result would most likely be high- er prices for lumber in the Unl- ted States. The reason why Can- adian lumher ls thought to be overly- competitive in the Unit- ed States would seem to be due mainly to artificial conditions. U.S. policy. by hindering the ac- quisition of public sawn-timber. has resulted in over-bidding for stumpage. And the Intercoastal Shipping Laws tend to re lac timber prices by requiring the use of U.S. vessels. even if this creates higher costs for U. 8.
hi era.
As far as the lumber mills are concerned. a study by the Can- adian- Ame can C o m m ltfee found that the costs of manu- facturing lumber in the United States (while differing widely among the mills) showed no basic disparity with the cost of manufacturing lumber in Can- ada. The hourly wages in the United States are aomewh at higher than in Canada. though the ratio In decraulng. But. on the other hand. labor productiv- ity In the United States In Ingli- er.
The satisfaction that Canada should feel in this decision by President Johnson is not simply In regard to lumber. Important as that In to Canada. It II. more broadly. the president‘: explana- tion that he used his veto In this instance for the broader purpos- es of good relations with Can- ada. and In the interests of more llberal trade. It ll these muons for using the veto. even m ore than the use of the veto itself, that gives encouragement to the future.
RACING DRIVE! DIES
DERBY. England (AP)-Reg Parnell. SI. onetlme our of British motor racing. died In a hospital Tuesday night four day: dlar in operation for per- ltooltla. Parnell began his rac- ing career in was but It was not until after the Second oi-ld run that no ocond his greatest Iuccenu.
IXTEND BANK 0!’ CANADA OTTAWA (CPl—-‘me Bank of
Meningitis Needs Core
By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen
MENINGITIS la inflamma- tion of the membranes (menin- ges) covering the brain and spl- nal cord. Almost every micro- organism has been implicated at one time or another. But the bacteria and viruses that inha- bit the respiratory tract are the most frequent culprits. The list includes menlngococcl. pneumo- coccl. streptococci. staphylococ- ci. and the tubercule bacllll as well as the viruses responsible lfior influenza. mumps. and po-
0
Thirty years ago. more than 90 per cm of all victims died because no specific remedy was available. The sulfonamldes and antibiotics changed the outlook. but some of the causative agents are becoming resistant to these remedlea.
As a result, researchers are trying to develop a protective vaccine against the varieties that appear in epidemic propor- tion. This is more likely to oc- cur ln crowded quarters such as Institutions and military instal- lations.
The disease strikes suddenly and the person may be 0 ' there is no time to determine the causative agent. Instances have been reported of patients who died within an hour after diagnosis was made. This is the reason why treatment is started first and tests are made later.
Whenever irritation of the meningeal membranes exists, the neck becomes stiff and head- ache. nausea. and vomiting oc- cur. Marked restlessness. drow- slness. confusion. incoherence
. even screaming may ensue. fol-
lowed by stupor as the condition progresses. The temperature in elevated. frequently as high as 104 degrees I-‘.
A small amount of fluid ll withdrawn from the spinal cau- al to confirm the diagnosis and agent. 'l‘~reat.ment is started im- mediately, particularly if the physician suspects a bacterial origin. Various drugs are useful but. sulfadiazlne. one of the old reliables. is especially valuable in the epidemic forms of men- ingitls.
PLAYPEN SAFETY
Mrs. J. writes: Why don't you stress the fact that babies can be quite happy for long periods in addition.
not keep her 13-month-old boy in
the playpen because he cries
when put there: but he had been
badly hurt While walking around. REPLY
This is the purpose of a play- pen. Nothing more need be sald. PI-IOBIA ABOUT DOGS . . writes: My ll-year-old daughter is deathly afraid dogs. It doesn't matter whether they are large or small —- when she meets one she loses all con- trol and even dashes out into the street to get. out of its way. How can I cope with this situation? REPLY
Let well enough alone or buy her a puppy she can learn to
ve and grow up with.
LIGHTEN THE LOA
R.P. writes: I have an enlarg- ed heart due to being 60 pounds overweight. Will it go back to normal if I take off these excess pounds?
REPLY
Reducing will help consider- ably. depencllng upon the cause of the enlargement. If high blood pressure is responsible. taking off 60 pounds will lighten the work load of the heart.
SMOKING AND SINGING C.D. writes: Is smoking bad for a student of voice?
REPLY Smoking irritates the _resplr- atory passageways. including the larynx. I would not smoke if I were going to make singing my
career. TODAY'S HEALTH HINT-
Meals without friction bring good digestion.
Our Yestercloys
(From the Guardian Flleul
NTY - FIVE YEARS AGO (January 10. 1939) George sklllan. noted English actor. who is the adjudicator for tlie Dominion Drama Festival this year. will arrive In Charlot- tetown Jan. 12. to adjudiicafe In the P.E.I. sub-regional contest which takes place here on the evening of the 13th. The groups fared in the content are the Summerslde Little Theatre. the Brighton Players and the Holy R or layers.
Roderick MacDonald and Ba- tella MaoNutt were chosen as the most graceful skating couple at the Forum abate held last night.
TEN YEARS AGO
(January 10. 1954) "Pei-cons In_ this class are found in all walks of life". said Chief of Police MacArtlnrr In de- scribing "Goat Getter: In Life"
In an address
Club at their weekly luncheon In
the Charlottetown Hotel yester-
day. The speaker continued. has
"This type of
no one
thalr -wliieeracks or safllen. and all. at one time or another have felt the sting of their barbs and arrows".
HASTINGS. England (Reut- erIl- A 44-year-old Brltllli for- eign ministry official Friday shook the sober world of elite: and caused some disappoint- ment in Ruula—by beating two Soviet die I masters in the lame day.
MAN‘! MARK
Anthropologists helluva one of the marks of a civfllsad society In its transformation of the much from a magical purpou to ill theatrical stilt to
-NOTES BY
THE WAYT
-rum mly he no can-all for life‘: trials and irritations but an unbreakable shoe lace would go a long way.—0ttawa Journal.
A single girl. with more than 30 summer: In her past. was asked what she desired more in a husband—bralns, wealth or appearance. "Appearance." she replied dryly. “and the sooner
better."—l"inanclal Post.
Extra care should be exercis- ed fhis Winter In the realm of lost goods. Absent minded per- sons who insist on leaving their goods behlnd might do well to tie their prize possessions to them with ,a piece of cord.- Perth Courler..
By the time a man can reaa women like a book. he‘: wear. ing blfocals.—sl. Thomas Time, Journal.
some wives are Incori-Igib|._ A man shaved his wife's head to keep her from running around with men. but next day 5 he bought a wig and went rlg llt back into clrculatlon.—Timmin.- Daily Press.
It is all too easy to empliaslxe Juvenile delinquency without re. gard to the fact that if ln\'0l\'(-s but a small prciporllon of in... whole generation. Indeed. there are perhaps fewer juvenile (‘lE‘li'n. guenta than there are adult dc. linquents.—Windsor Star.
Towo rd Closer Relations
son
y Harold Morrl Canadian Press Staff Writer
The United States and West Germany. whose new leaders recently held their first official meeting. appear to be moving towards an intimate relation- ship that raises doubts about
e exclusiveness of the so- called French-German axis.
when French President Charles de Gaulle a year ago signed ti-ea with former German chancellor Konrad Ad- enauer. there was concern in I e U.S. and other Western countries that the treaty. hailed as ending four centuries of French-German enmity. might also usher in a third force in Europe that would stand be- tween the U.S. and ffhe Soviet Union.
The treaty pledged the two neighbors to close and frequent consulalion In the fields of dl- p defence. educa-
grams. foreign. defence and education ministers were to meet every three months and the heads of state twice a year. The chiefs of staff of the two armies were to meet every other month.
This appeared to be the be ginning of an lntei-weaving of actions and decision -making that would unify the core of European strength in Paris and Bonn. raising the prospect that Britain would be held at the very periphery of Europe while France added to her own lead- ership under dc Gaulle's nu- clear force de frappe.
LEADERSHIP CHANGED
But German leadership has changed. as one day French leadership will change. and the new German chancellor. Lud- wig Erhard. is a hard-headed
While de Gaulle talks of build. lng a hydrogen-bomb force. Er. lianl openly states he feels far more secure under the US. nu. clear force than he could ever feel under any French force. Other evidence of friction has emerged. The French were re- ported concerned because the Germans worked out a deal to
‘build a tank jointly with the
U.S., without consulting Paris. And the Germans were taken aback when French secrct. agents apparently captured and spirited to Paris former Cot. Antoine Argoud. who now has been sentenced to life imprison- ment for participating in the Algerian revolt against de
Gaulle.
These may be small points in the over-all structure of rela- tionship but they lead to the question of whether there ls re- ally full_liarmony between Bonn in
Erhard now is reported to have agreed to consult with President Johnson about affairs In Europe in a manner which again questions whether Er- hard has taken de Gaulle‘s views into consideration.
JOINT STUDY The U.S. State Department has been quick to deny reports that the two leaders—Erhard and .lolinson-—a_greed to set up a special joint working commit- e on common market affairs but spokesmen for the two lead- ers sald in Texas that the lead- ers agreed that "the actual fine print of the Brussels agree- ment" would be “studied by a joint U.S.-German group." De Gaiilie has struggled to reduce U.S. influence in Eu- . I-Ils German partner now
7013*’ economist. bound less by sentl- | may be seeking to protect and
merit than the realities of trade.
raise U.S. Influence.
Nucleor Dispute Declines lte .
Montreal Gaze
Nuclear warheads have now arrived in Canada for the coun- ti-y's Bomarc missiles at North Bay. Ontario. As a result. this base should soon be fully oper- ational. and capable of perform- ing the role It has been assigned by the North American Air De- fence Command.
No doubt some protests against the installation of these missiles and warheads will con- tinue to be made. But. by and large, the country has either ac- cepted that they are necessary. or has agreed that they consti- tute no damaging commitment on Canada's part. The issue of whether they make Canada a nuclear power. or a member of the "nuclear club", which caus- ed so much sound and fury a year ago. has virtually vanished.
To a considerable extent. this is true even of Parliament. In its report of last December. the House of Common: D e to ii c e Committee approved. with only one dissenting member, the nuc-
lear arming of the Bomarc mis- sile. the Voodoo jet interceptor and the CF-I04 bomber. This is highly significant since the Com- mittee is composed of members of all parties.
It now appears that Canada may be returning. to a large de- gree. fo 3 bipartlzaii defence pol- icy. especially as far as the two major parties, the Liberals and Conservatives. are concerned. This is not only hopeful for the country. If. is also a matter of common sense. For despite the subtle arguments of , election. the Liberal government has carried out commitments that were made by the previous Conservative government.
The debate over this issue dur- ing the last campaign dld not have much effect on the elector- ate. The election results were more easily explalnable by other factors. It was only right that a calmer view should come to pre- vall ln Parliament itself.
The
Ombudsman
.There is hope yet for those who insist that “you can't fight;
_ City Hall." Canadians with a beef might soon be able to have an ombudsman to do their fighting. An ombudsman is a citizens’ defender who investigates complaints of injustices caused by official action, and there are strong ~ supporters of a plan to have one or more in Canada. This Saturday, Weekend Magazine Staff Writer Robert McKeown explains how an ombudsman might be_ of service to you.
THE EVENING rumor Willi‘ W E E If E ll ll
0
suit your
10°