@hc @uardian

Cinerl Prince Edward Island Like the Dew 5" ‘:.herl ei er week-day morning at 165 Prince Street Tbilittetown yPEI, by the Thomson Company Ltd. Ian A. Bui‘netl, Publisher and General Manager Frank Waker. Editor Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Pubishers Association Member of The Canadian Press Member Audit Bureau of Circulations Eramh offices at Summerside, Montague and Alberton Represented Nationally by Thomson Newspaper. Advertising Seerce 44 King Street West Toronto, Ont. 640 Cathcart St., Montreal 1030 West Georgia St., Vancouver RV Carrie-l Charlottetown. Summerside 30c per Week By Mail elsewhere in P.E.I. $9.00 Der annum. Other Prrvmces and United States $12.00 per annum

PAGE 4 FRIDAY, OCT. 17, 1958.

Democracy In Pakistan

There seems to have been only mild reaction in this country or any other Commonwealth country, not to mention the United States, to the suspension of Constitutional Govern- ment in Pakistan and to the intro- duction of one-man Government in the person of President Iskander Mirza. Yet, the fact remains that the new regime is a dictatorship—just as much a dictatorship as that in, say, China, Hungary, Poland or even the Soviet Union.

True, President Mirza says he seized control of the country because Parliament had become “irrespon- sible” and the various political par- ties “unable to use normal democ- ratic processes effectively for the good of the country”. He is probably right in that; but it does not distin- guish his rule from that of other totalitarian regimes. The only thing in his favour, it would seem, is that he has promised “a' free and democ- ratic Government” when the people are ready for it—whenever that might be; something which the other dictators dismiss as an ‘idle dream.

Evidently, what is needed in Pakistan most of all—and in some other Asian countries which have become independent in recent years ———is a new understanding on the part of the people themselves of what democratic government implies. Be- fore this can come about there will have to be a great‘improvement‘ in the country’s level of literacy. There are more than 80 million people in Pakistan; and more than 70 millions of them can neither read nor write. In such circumstances, the marvel is not that the democratic process has not been effective but that it managed to function at all over a period of ten years. '

Electing The Pope

Soon, sometime betWeen Oct. 24‘ and Oct. 27, the age-old ceremony of electing a successor to the late Pope Pius the Twelfth will begin in the Vatican Palace. For the benefit of our readers Who may not have seen an account of the ceremonial proce- dure, we are publishing the following report cabled to the New York Times by its Rome correspondent.

“Those, (cardinals) selecting the Pope will be locked into the Vatican Palace and shut off from all contact with the outside. When a Cardinal arrives at the Vatican he will be shown to an apartment of three or four small rooms, each containing a crucifix, a bed, a table and a few chairs. Each Cardinal may be at- tended by two companions, or con- clavists. Meeting in the adjoining Sistine Chapel, the Cardinals will hold two ballots each day, writing the names for which they vote on pieces of paper.

“Just before the conclave is con- vehed,‘ the Cardinals will gather in St. Peter’s Basilica for the Mass of the Holy Gospel. They will hear a summary of the laws and duties to which they are bound in the election of a new Pope. The Cardinals will then retire to their rooms. The next morning they will enter the Chapel and, seated on plain wooden chairs, will prepare to cast the first ballot. Each Cardinal will be given a ballot with the legend in Latin, “I elect as High Pontiff my Very Reverend Signor Cardinal If a Cardinal is too ill to leave his room, three Cardinals, acting as tellers, will collect his vote in a locked ballot box. Otherwise, in the order of seniority, the Cardinals will rise in their places and carry their carefully folded ballot to the altar. Each will kneel, pray, then rise and swear, ‘I take to witness Christ our Lord, who is to judge me, that I vote for him who, before God, I feel should be elected‘.

“A teller will announce the totals for each nominee. Another will then string the ballots together on a thread, using a needle. If no Pope is elected by the end of the second bal. lot (he must have a two-thirds majo- rity among the Cardinals present. plus one) the two strings of ballots will be burned with damp straw in

......... . ......... u...

a chimney in a corner. Outside. in St. Peter's Square. the faithful, newsmen and the merely curious will stand, waiting. Ballots burned with damp straw produce a thin plume of black smoke. This conveys to the waiting eyes that no succes- sor has been elected that day. “When a nominee receives the required majority plus one, he is asked if he is willing to accept the designation. If he says he is, he is from that moment the Supreme Head of the Church. The latest string of ballots is then burned with- out straw, producing a tiny curl of white smoke and announcing to the world that a Pope has been elected”.

New Development

Mr. Cyrus Eaton’s preoccupation of late with international politics and nuclear science has not dimin- ished interest in his main forte—— industrial development. His latest move in that field links him with the German Krupp interests in develop- ment of the vast iron ore deposits of Ungava Bay, which lie in the North- ern area of the Province of Quebec.

An agreement between Mr. Eaton and Mr. Krupp, each of whom will have a 50 per cent interest, has been tentatively approved by the Federal and Provincial Governments, al- though, a report says, “there are still some details to be worked out with Quebec authorities”. Nine com- panies—four controlled by Mr. Eaton and fiveby Mr. Krupp—have established Ungava Iron Ores Limit- ed, the firm which will direct the development. The President of the 'firm is a Canadian engineer, Clare E. White.‘

The program calls for first pro- duction in 1961 at the rate of 500,000 tons of partly-refined pellets a year. This will be stepped up to 2 million tons by 1963 and to 5 million tons by 1965. It is expected that more than 3000 workers, many of them Eskimos, will be employed in the preliminary stages of develop- ment, scheduled to start in the early part of 1959. The main townsite will be’ at Hope Advance on Ungava Bay. Harbour facilities capable of hand- ling ships up to 70,000 tons will be constructed.

It is not likely that this develop- ment will‘give employment to any great number of Islanders, at least in the initial stages. No doubt, the Province of Quebec will be given -priority in this respect. But any major industrial development in Eastern Canada cannot fail to bene- fit indirectly all the Eastern Pro- vinces. This Province, particularly, should be in a pOSition to supply much of the vegetables, meat and dairy products which will be re- quired in great volume.

EDITORIAL NOTES ”

A fumigant developed in Germany is being used sudcessfully in experi- ments in California to cut down loss- es of wheat caused by a variety of in- sects. It is hydrogen phosphide, and it kills nearly all insects that attack stored grain, without showing any bad effect on the flavour of the wheat. ‘

ii: ale a:

Of~the recommendations of the Fauteux Committee on penal re- form, none is more important than federal and provincial assistance to agencies which seek to rehabilitate prisoners. These agencies are doing a good work. It is not fair that they should have to depend entirely on voluntary contributions.

1:“ * a: _

Premier Matheson has made a strong presentation at Ottawa for an additional car ferry at Borden. It is to be hoped that our federal repre- sentatives are also stressing the ur- gency of this matter, and that no fur- ther time will be lost in getting start- ed. The experience of the past sum- mer should be warning enough to all concerned that we are in a precarious position with regard to our most vital transportation service.

at: * *

The burning of Jewish houses of worship in Southern United States towns is another indication of the near-anarchic conditions which pre- vail in that part of the country. It is the same old story: whenever and wherever racial discrimination exists, it is not confined to any one group or any one race. In this instance the Negroes were the first to suffer. Now, it is the Jews. Soon, if stern measures are not taken to curb the violence and punish the perpetrators. it will be some other minority group. No part of society is safe as long as one part is discriminated against.

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DON’T LET TAlL WAG DOG

OTTAWA REPORT

Tho’r Conference Undertaking

By Patrick Ottawa: Prime Minister John Diefenbakel‘ has maintained an

unbroken record of keeping his promises. But the leaders of pro- vincial governments, including two of his close friends and Con- servative colleagues, are taking a hard and injured look at one promise which remains unfulfil- led.

This concerns the undertaking to call a Dominion-Provincial Conference. Dr, to put it in plain but brutally frank words, this concerns the Provinces’ as-

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not nese»

Ian‘in endorse the opinion of con-cs pondents.

FINE BAND CONCERT

Sin—On Wednesday evening, October 15th., I had the privilege of representing the City, in the absence of Mayor Johnston, at a Band Concert by the Regi~ mental Band of the Prince Ed- ward Islnnd Regiment, R.C.A.C., held at Birchwood High School.

I believe that all who heard the concert will agree with me that it was a praise-worthy per- formance, and that congratula- tions are due the Musical Dir- ector, Lt. Charles E. MacGreglou', and all the members of the Band

. on their high standard of musi~

cianship. It is my hope, and I am confident it is the hope of all the City Council, that they will con- tinue to give such concerts, and that many more of our citizens take advantage of the opportunity to hear them and to support them. - ' I'am Sir. etc. COUN. GERALD R. FOSTER

SEWER SERVICE

Sin—In reference to a news item in your paper of- the above date, we note a reference to this village in regard to sewer serv- ice on Belmont and Park Streets in the City of Charlottetown.

We would like to point out

that the construction here is ac-

cording to the original plan sub- mitted by our engineer to the Commissioners and people of the village.

On recommendation of the en- gineer the city was approached twice. for easement rights over the above mentioned streets; firs-t on March 29th., when we suggest- ed an exchange of sewer service in that part of the City for water SEil‘VlCC from the existing mvaiivn on the Mount Edward Road.

We were advised that the City Council had no jurisdiction on such matters, and we then, on xMay 16th.. asked for easement rights only. and presented our request to City Council.

The Council approved defer- ment. on the basis that any such approval would be premature. as it was not. ‘mown what Hm en- gineer had in mind in the way of such construction in the City itself. '

Later, however. we were advis- ed. on June 25th. to be exact. that we had such permission from the Council.

Unfortunately. we. due to the uncertainty of action that was contemplated by City Council, had no choice. but to have our engineer prepare plan 5. and. tender call, for construction en- tirely within our own boundaries, and the contract for this con— struction was let to Wheaton Con- struction Co.. of Monoton on June 23rd, two days before the Council had decided to give us easement over city property.

We are grateful to you. Mr. Editor, for the opportunity to clarify the reasons for our de- cision. so that no one will mis- understand our motives. in fol- lowing our original plan.

I am. Sir. etc. A. MACLEAN. Chairman, Parkdale Village Commission Pal‘kdale. P. E. I. October 15, 1958.

Nicholson

pirations to get a bigger hand- out from Ottawa.

During the 1957 election cam- paign, Mr. Diefen‘baker promis- ed that representatives of the provincial governments would be invited to meet with the federal government in Ottawa at an ear- ly date, if he were voted into power. He was voted into power, and he kept that promise; a meeting was held here on 25th and 26th November of last year.

But that was only a prelimin- ary meeting. Prior to that meet— ing. Mr. Diefenbaker wrote to each provincial Premier: “1 would suggest that we might have in mind two days of dis- cussion at this November meet- ing. after which we would ad- journ to a later date.” That la- ter date was mentioned again during the meeting, and it was agreed at the end of the con- ference that a subsequent meet- ing should be held "as soon as possible in the new year. in ac— cordance with the proposals made by the Federal Govern- ment in calling the conference”.

That quote is taken from the official report of the November meeting.

Now the provincial Premiers are scratching their heads and asking for how long the new year remains new. This is Oc- tober, and “soon” has not yet proved “possible” in this new year of 1958. No reconvening of the conference has been called.

Mr. Diefenbaker‘s good friend Hugh John Flemming, Premier of New Brunswick, is urgently awaiting a further conference, at which further financial help might be given to the Maritime Provinces. His objective is cash to be expended in such a way as would establish an economic climate which would attract {in— dustry to the Maritimes—a wor- thy and understandable objective. Ontario's Premier Leslie Frost

has also been knocking at the

With the timing of a. political veteran, Gen. de Gaulle has moved decisively to draw the fangs of the alliance of generals and right-wing politicians that has ruled Algeria for the last six months.

The group‘s succcsSful defi- ance of the civil authority in Paris last May started the train of events that hro-ugi’. the gen— eral to power.’ Its active role in Algeria and its implicit threat to metropolitan France contnibuted heavily to the overwhelming vote in favor of de Gaulle's constitu- tional reforms.

But as long as the army played all active role in the com- mittees of public safety, de Gaulle ruled Algeria only by thei“ con- sent. The knowledge of their potential veto power was the focal point of resistance to his consilluiional proposals and cre- ated misgivings among many voters who approved them. CHOICE CLEAR

Now. barely two weeks after the referendum that gave him his popular mandate. the general has forced a showdown on his dangerous allies with this flat or- der to the alnmy to get out of politics.

The Algerian committees had used (is Gaulle‘s name to justify their rebellion against authority. Henceforth they could be Gaull- ists or rebels but would have to choose between the two.

To the politicians. the choice

maintaining their authority. EXIT DELBECQ‘UE

Some of the more hot-headed committee members talked of or- ganizing general \Lllki’r. But

other leaders read the handwrit- ill: on the wall. The resignation from

i

became comparatively insig‘i’ic- 1 PM“: ant when the army elected to 1'59?“ d obey OFClCl‘S. Without military /3 “fine 9'°'“’|°'° support, they had no hope of $09“?

door. So has Saskatchewan‘s Pre- mier Tommy Douglas. So have others.

The Provinces of course want Ottawa to increase the payments which are made to them‘ under the tax-sharing agreements. But Ottawa is running a budgetary deficit of some $800 millions this year. If more money is to be shared with the provincial govern ments, Ottawa .vould have to in- crease taxation. Alternatively, perhaps every provincial govern- ment would care to levy its own personal income tax and comp- oration tax; but would the tax- payers like that?

OUR RUBBER DOLLAR

If we want more schools, more roads, higher pensions, more unemployment benefits,

free ‘hospital- care and the rest, we must realize that there is a limit beyond which our - hard- pressed dollar cannot be stretch- ed. The only solution is for each taxpayer to be his dwn Santa Claus.

Politically, i-t ‘vould be tough for the Federal Government to have to say “No” to the requests of the Provinces. Last week Ot~ tawa had to say “no” to the Municipal Governments whose re presentatives came here, with ten-gallon hats in hand seeking hand-outs. Maylbe Prime Minis- ter Diefenbaker wants to see his way clear on other costly pro- jects before he meets the pro- vincial premiers again.

For example, he has just cour- ageously and far-sightedly taken the decision very well received in government and service cir- cles here—~to scrap the two bil- lion dollar program to build Ar— row aircraft, It could be that he has plans to shave spending in other directions too. Perhaps ec- onomies are planned through am- algamating more of the services to the Army, Navy and Air Force. Perhaps increased ta re- venue is hoped for through a pick-up in our economic activity.

Meanwhile, it seems that the cupboard is bare, and Mother Hubbard Dielfenbaker can- not invite the provincial dogs to come gnaw the bone which is not ther.

De Goulle Forces Showdown

By Ed Simon Canadian PreSS Staff

Writer

becque, one of the principal or— ganizers of the insurrectim, was an additional blow to the morale of Those who hoped to keen their independence of action. His lei- ters of resignation said continu— ance of the committees “would run the risk of bringing about confusion and tarnish a work of which we can be proud.”

The rightists’ obvious course was to work for victory in the elections next’ month to enforce their demands for integiratiOn of Algeria with metropolitan France and all-out prosecution of the war against the Arab nationalists who sought its independence. POLITICAL CLIMATE

With France’s left<wing parties badly split by quarrels over de Gaulle’s constitutional referen- dum, France’s traditional ten- dency to favor Socialist and Com- munist candidates may be re- versed. But do Gaulle‘s assur- ance of a free election campaign and his assertion of control over

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the Al». giel‘s committee of Leon Del-l

Early Therapy In Concer Case

By Herman N. Bundesen. MD.

LIKE so many diseases. can- cer of the prostate is painless in the initial stages.

Since it produces no earlv sym— ptoms, how can you stop its pro- gress before it has advanced too far?

Early therapy. of course. de- pends upon early diagnosis. And the best way to detect prostalic cancer before it produces symp' toms is by a routine rectalcx- lamination. This is the eaislest, the quickest and the most dir- ect method of finding cancer of the prostate.

FOLLOW‘up MEASURES _

If the physician finds anything suspicious during the routine ex- amination, he can order anx- ray study, cystoscopiic examina- tion, a study of the prostath se- cretion .and other procedures which will provide a clinical dia- gnosis.

Generally, simple X-rays are used to exclude any other dis- ease conditions besides cancer.

While cystoscopiic examinatuon will show the extent c‘ the can- cer, many urologists advise a~ gainst it because of the possible danger of disseminating the mal- ignant cells.

CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE

The only method of obtaining conclusive evidence of cancinoma of the prostate is lby histoli’c ex— amination. Most doctors will re- commend that a biopsy be per- formed on any suspected area.

In uncomplicated cases, there may be such usually overlooked symptoms as frequency and ur-. gcncy. Maybe there will be ane- mia as a result of an invasion of the bone marrow, bone pain, and occasional spontaneous frac- tures which are preceded only by pain.

Sometimes the patients are treated by estrogens administer- ed orally. In some cases, radical surgery is necessary. LIFETIME ROUTINE

Some doctors recommend that when estrogens are used they should be continued for life.

The surgical technique often is to remove as much of the lesion as possible and then to use radioactive gold to infiltrate the rest of the lesion and lymphatics. . More recently, another techni- que has been to submit extensive local lesions to massive doses of radioactive gold by infiltrating it thoroughly into the gland with multiple needles.

This procedure causes no da- mage to surrounding organs and generally results in a shorter per- iod of hospitalization. QUESTION AND ANSWER

G.J.L.: What causes the feet to burn and what can be done for this condition?

A. Burning feet may be due to a number of different condi- tions, such as ringworm, exces- slive perspiration, various skin conditions, and contain conditions

You should have a thorough ex- amination to find the cause, so that it may be removed.

m A SILVER QUARTER

Boy sanderlin'g at the tideline

Picks up pebbles

Sea wet to moon white, dawn rose,

Golden as the eye of a lion.

Purple as a piece of storm,

Rubs one cool smooth against his cheek.

Poi-ses the shell

Of a calico crab on his palm, "

Treasures away a per-iwinkle.

Stfctkes moon jellies with his :oes. ‘

A quarter shines the sand.

He whoops and swoops.

Runs, pebbles jingling,

Slaps it down for a comic.

Giant summer edition.

Races back to the beach,

Mines the sands for more quar- ers.

Grabs a silver glisten

From whi‘e rush of surf.

Only a pebble drying gray, Throws it back to the sea.

Goes on searching a waste of sand.

. —-Emilie

in the Christian Science Mufti: am

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

1 TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Oct. 17, 1933)

A'new branch of the Women‘s Institute was organized on Mon— day. October 16, at North Wil- shlre. The officers are: presi- dent. Mrs. B. Deacon; vic

the army have altered the pol- itical climate.

The general appears genuinely anxious to give a fair chance to all shades of political opinion. If left-Wing politicians can conquer their habit of bogging down in faictlonal disputes, the perpetual- tions of the May rebellion may find themselves no better r'f un-

SERVE MY PMs/22. Qmeé- PIPING HOT AND BUTTERED :

dar the Fifth- Republic than they were under its predecessor.

tops

Beat well 'I whole egg 1 egg yolk and stir in V4 c. milk Make a well in dry Ingredients; odd liquids and mix well, adding

NOTES BY

\~ THE WAY ‘ *

lOnIOT' i

.t "if till ‘ p‘ today ‘

Few womt‘n ' can 58)

row what they #Brandon Sun

' " telling I A high school girl “as I _ her family about her home etc .

nomics class. “Do they let eat what you cook.“ h.,r l ther asked. “Let Us. she ans-

wered. “They mi"an usfl-Mani- toba Telephone Pllhllt'aiilnn _______,_'_,_————

The Age Old Story

‘ t all , I Will bless the Lord a. ‘ times; his praise shall continual-

1y be in my mouth.

'- ‘ Mrs Mrs. W.R. Clalk. dII'E'CEOI‘S,‘ W. Johnston, Mrs. C. Campbell, Mrs. G. MacL‘ean: auditors. Miss E. Clow and Miss Cummings.

.Hi her rices than for the pastgfour iears were the feature of the Swine Show and Sale held yesterday in the Agricultural Hall. The winning boar was .ex- hibited by William J. Jenkins, Frenchfort. This boar was lat- er sold for a top price of Mr. D.N. MacKay of Springfield won second place, and Alm on Boswell of Dunstaffnage won third and fourth. TEN YEARS AGO (Oct. 17, 1948) . i This week will see the'lnsti. t-ution of the second step in the

program of training drawn up

erto Rico. mired for years inPt‘llle rut of poverty, has hauled itself into a shiny new era of presperity and thrivmg culture. The commonwealth—only thce the size of Long Island—started the long haul in the 1940’s With OI eratio-n Bootstrap. 1Now Puerto Rico has dorbled the per capita income of its 2,-

Puerto Rico’s New Ed

National Geographic Society

One of the tallest u" we il.'\'(‘ llsard is the m llle fellow who Lied so had 10 gel his wife to ‘ plgS.~~.\ial‘lOn Adverti‘

The average cost of ‘i a daily newspaper is the cost of a ‘phone an. ride. a clear or an y»: colic. Sal'nia Canadian I "

MAXlMS,

He who sacrifice. science to ambition ture to obtain the ab“

some time ago for m. Station. Summerlsde, school in Canada for m ing of navigation. I course for navigation started which will M u. Ni and is, in effect, M ’ " study in air navigation, Mr. Ernest Wright of side had an unusual and 7 ing experience Wednem _ main highway near- 0“ NB. when his ail-tom attacked by a bull moon Wright was alone in in; 5., I the time when the animal} - ed. driving one of it; through the windshield. ' ting the car. Mr. Wright, - I.“

1y left the scene.

A .‘

Students from the Unimfly ‘1 Puerto Rico are perfoqu '5 sonal opera in its home cit, u Biedras. Plans are being to form a Puerto Ric. phony orchestra. . 2 , BALLET, DRAMS FIDO“

Ballet schools flourish tin-m out the island. The new ' Ballets de San Juan ‘ a recent festival. Another,

affecting the nerves of the feet.-

I I capres- ._ ident. MISS A. Easter; secretary, f M ‘.

267,000 people. LOW-‘2- .1: housing projects flourish where slums once rotted. Malaria, hookworm. and other poverty-born diseases have been virtually wiped out.

One—third of Puerto Rico’s an- naul budget is set aside for ed- ucation. The school system cov— ers a 12-year curriculum, with vocational training for both ad- ults and children. Result: liter- acy has climbed to 80 per cent. English is taught from the first grade up.

FACTORY EACH WEEK

Puerto Rico boasts the open- ing of at least one new factory a week. The boom has come lar- gely through the efforts of tie Puerto Rico Industrial Develop- ment Administration, a govern- ment authority that encourages industries to come to the isle.

Industry has helped agriculture. Sugar cane, the No. 1 crop, sup- ports a thriving rum industry. Pineapples, a fast-developing se- condary crop, provide juice which is canned and frozen in a new plant.

The island has developed its resources so well that its tech- nicians are now training foreign- ers in the art of self-help under the United States Point Four program.

The hum of machines in Puerto Rico hasn't drowned out another expression of well-being — the creative arts.

Music enthusiasts from Latin America and the mainland Uni- ted States gathered this summer to pay tnibute to the Spanish vir- tuoso cellist Pablo Casa-ls and other artists in Puerto Rico’s second Casals Festival.

Towing Service i Day Phone 9722

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‘ more milk, if necessary, to make soft dough. Turn out on lightly- floured board and knecd about l0 times.

Halve the dough. Shape each portion into smooth bail; roll out to V2” thickness and mark into 6 wedges with knife. Place on greased cookie sheet and brush

white, then sprinkle with granu- lated sugar.

Bake in hot oven, 425°, until golden—about 18 mins. Serve 1 of, or split and toasted, with ’ butter or margarine.

Yield: 12 scone wedges.

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val featured plays by Puerto”. can dramatists. .

Nor are Puerto Pom m. ting their pride in the past. island is a mixture ofbld .. ‘- , and modern America. Riv" discovered by Column: .3 a second voyage in 1493. Pane: . 2. Leon, 3 member of that M; tion and later the (1mm Florida, founded the first. ment, Caparra, in 1503. He» came the island's first g .

Puerto Rico remllned v possession of Spain w,‘ 1899. ’when it was ceded to . United States after the American War. 00min lll'l! declared all Puerto Ric-am u ,- United States citizens. On H 25, 1952, Constitution Day, 11!: land became I selfwgoverm‘ commonwealth.

San Juan, the capital. rm 0!" of the most formidable-Spun strongholds in the New We! The old quarter, ‘3 blocks square, is to be in the manner of iamsburg, Vinginia.- , r

Thousands r Motorists Happy}. ‘To Be 'Taggeii"'

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