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THE GUARDIAN

Iloruiug Daily (Founded in 1881i. Authorised s. Second Class Mail. Post. Office l Department. Ottawa. President. [an A. Burnett; Vice-President. Win. ii. Burnett; Surya-Teena. G. M. Burnett; Edllm‘ M"! ‘Managing Director. J. ll. Burnett; Associate Editor Frank Walker.

1 ”The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than _ the Weakest Ink. fiiisiindiuizhiéif’ ‘TWSAEJRDATTB-IATRCH 11:. will

Farm Federation Brief

The admirable brief presented by the Fed- eration of Agriculture to the Legislature 0n Thursday met with ajavorable response from both sides of the House. Certainly it was an im- pressive occasion this joint meeting of our un- official Farmers’ Parliament with their own and the Provinces representatives, in presentation ol the most urgent problems facing our most basic Industry. _

ln ganral the brief is commendatory with regard to Government policies, the most mark- ed criticism being about the delay in extending electric power to rural areas. This was under- lined by one of the delegates, Mr. Kenneth Moc- Lcan, of Lot l6, who reminded the House that "we do not want rural electrification in twenty ycars’ time; we do not wont it irf ten years‘ time; we want a start made on it now—this year!"

From Hon. Dr. MacMillon came the assur- snco that the Opposition would do everything in lts power to cooperate with the Government in mplementing Federation resolutions — "provided the Government does it properly." There would be no party politics in the matter so for as the Opposition was concerned. He was pleased to note the stand taken in favor of abolishing the property vote, and remindfl the delegation that "no had already made this proposal in speaking on the Draft Address. The Opposition leader was particularly pleased with the resolutions deal- ing with public health, and emphasized the need of psychiatric treatment for subnormal chil- dren as being of special importance. ‘

Premier Jones, while commending thq brief in general, noted that it rnado no particular ref- erence to Education, the most important subiect of all. ln provision for forestry, field men, vet- erinary services and other matters tho Govern- ment hos been trying to do what it can. He outlined the policy of training veterinaries, stat- ing that it was expected to havq two gradu- ates here next yeor, in addition to an Ontario doctor who is expected to be available, and one to be placed in the local packing plant. There- after it ii expected to obtain ono or two gradu- oto voterinarics each year. ‘

Forestry, he pointed out, ls largely a Domin- loii Government responsibility, and the Provincial Government is hoping for financial assistance from this source. The Premier did not consider the cutting of pitprops to be harmful if done sel- ectively, a fact which would seem to indicate

' that the Government is unlikely to introduce

any drastic legislation in this connection. He spoke of tho possibilities of restoring oak forest growths, which he believed could be done suc- cessfully in thirty or forty years.

The Premier confessed he had become alarmed at the way Government expenditures have increased, particularly in tho departments of Public Welfare and Public Works. He re- minded the delegation that it was one thing to ngrco with their resolutions and another thing to persuade o whole caucus as to their merits. lt was yet another thing to convince the Pra-

'_ viiicial Treasurer that the necessary expenditures

‘ well.

' iflliitiliéi-i-ze'\hiieéeéios-iiae'-*= -

could be offordcd,-and still another to have to go oirt and win on election on the basis of them!

The latter consideration, unfortunately, seems to weigh tho most heavily with some of our politicians.

Disabled Veterans’ Pensions

The Globe and Mail recalls that it was in 192i that the present basic rate of compensa- tion for disabled veterans was set. lt was de- cided then that for (i totally disabled single vet- erun the compensation, or pension, would be $75 a month. That is, an unmarried servicemen who was totally blinded, or had both legs amputated, or was paralyzed completely, was to get $75 a month in order to keep him alive and out of want. '

The pressure from organizations interested fn veterans’ w'elfare forced the Dominion Gov- ernment to promise an increase in thb pension. It was decided that it would be $85 for the single totally disabled cx-serviceman who had been injured on duty. Tho cry of protest which greet- ed this smoll increase brought a reconsideration, and it was then announced that the pension would be $87 a month for thesingle I00 per cent disability case. Those who are married and have small children got a small increase, as

Meanwhile, the basic rate of $75 for ii

per cent disability continues, but one of the

most important bodies, the National‘ Council of Veteran Associations in Canada, has put its case before the psblic prior to on appearance before the House of Commons Committee on Veterans‘ Affairs. The Council has the follow- ing member bodies, Sir Arthur Pearson Asso- ciation of War Blinded, War Amputotions of Canada, Canadian Paraplegic Association, Con- odian Pensioners’ Association‘; Army, Navy and Air Force Veterans of Canada and the Canadian Corps Association. in making tho example of the l0? per cont disobility_caso of the singlg man, it is putting the coso of those who ore loss disabled, and those whoarq disabled and marred, with fami- llis. What the Notional Council of Veteran socizilorii in Connie is asking is that instead 4th! amount til; Gomgmsnt iipw proposes,

$87 a month.for the I00 per cent disobilityfthat the basic rate be $l00 a month.

"But the question remains to be answered by tho whole House of Commons," says the Globe and Mail. "Can a totally disabled single veteran be fairly granted compensation of less than $l00 a month in lieu of his total paralysis, or blind- ness in both eyesgor double amputation? That the public wants those who suffered so griev- ously for Canada to be properly looked aftor is certain. The Government should give generous consideration to their claim." l

EDllURlAl NUHIS -

Navy Day.

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Tomorrow, Fifth Sunday in Lent. a a _ii w

Bbxing Day hereafter is to be a statutory holiday in the Province. Hitherto it has been cbscrved voluntarily by a nioiority of city merch- ants.

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Modern warfare is so complex that very great burdens are thrown on liaison staffs. lt is vital that effort be made to assure effective co-ordination between Commonwealth countries.

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Every assistance should be given to col- lectors of Irish Moss, o product that brings in a substantial revenue to this Province. Govern- ment encouragement both as to grading and marketing would be amply repaid.

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Hollywood will again have easy access to British Picture Theatres, Britain having with- drawn the 75 per cent film duty, imposed to ease the dollar shortages. Hollywood, we are told, has mode concession to reach o com- promise. -

ln the U. S. A., Communist policy is based on the assumption that there will be an Ameri- can depression within months. They are not content merely to wait for it, however, but throw every possible monkey-wrench in the economic works.

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Newfoundland will now have aii opportun- ity at least to vote for Confederation with Can- ada. There has been o strong pro-U.S.A. union campaign carried on, but it is supposed "a re- turn to responsible self-government" will be the cry that will prove most popular in the pie-vot- ing campaign.

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The government of British Columbia has run hard up against the law o_f supply and de- mand. They previously fixed prices of petroleum products at a level at which the companies could only operate at a loss, with the result that B.C. just didn't get gasolene. Tho government has now relented and increased the price so the fuel should be flowing Westward again‘.

Sir Hugh Walpole, English novelist, born this date lB84;' son of the Bishop of Edinburgh; he served with the Russian Red Cross in the First Great War, which enabled him to create atmosphere for his first two novels The Dark Forest, and The Secret City, which deal with Rus- sio; and likewise in The Captives. Ho is also the author of The Golden ‘Scarecrow and Jeremy, clever sympathetic studios of children; ho is keenly observant, humorous, and has a masterly power of delineation.

i h k it

The Premier docs not think the City Coun- cil has authority to rent parts of the market for a bowling alley and picture theatre, for less ta convert any part of it into headquarters for a bus service. By the same token, would his in- terpretotion of the low deprive us of our long desired and much nccrlcd modern rest house? The City authorities will no doubt look into the matter in the interest of citizens, generally, and country visitors in particular.

Saskatchewan's hog industry has dropped 75 per cent since i944 and may soon disappear ol- together unless on improved relationship be- tween prices of leed grains and pork products is introduced immediately by Federal action, Agriculture Minister l. C. Nollzt told the legis- lature. The minister was speaking on a resolu- tion to have the provincial government request the Federal government to institute an inimedi- ate and long-term policy to prowct the hog in- dustry from processor-prolitesring and high speculative feed grain prices.

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lli the event of the Government bringing in an amendment to the Election Act providing ‘for one man one vote, will that mean ipso facfo the reduction of the membership of the Legislature r015? The claim has been made that the Province is aver-represented in the local Legis- lature and an agitation inaugurated to reduce tho number by half. ls this the method to be pursued ta carry out such a policy? To give every one two votes merely to elect tworepre- sentatives on the same basis where one would be sufficient appears to be a little illogical.

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Writing in’ Saint John Telegraph Journal, Mr. J. L. Neville, Fredericton, N.B., issues this challengel "What we need is a Maritime Rights party. But we won't gel’ it because the majority of the people are content to sit back instead of orggnizing for their rights. They agree that things are ‘rotten’. They pat on the back pop- ers like The Telegraph-Journal, and other pap- ers who try to point the way. Then they fall asloep and politicians who happen to be in con- trol lough up their sleeve. We have one of the best countries in the world and have also one of tho best systems of government. Long may it continue. liit tho. Maritinios have had o tow dool for too long ii time. As a recent editorial stated, ‘Billions of words have bun written about this in the lost half Century.‘ It is time for action in the Moritimeslf __

A soologllf announces that. “fills smell under water." But probably viotliing like the way they smell u-lien they've been out of it {or some lime. —- Edmonton Journal.

Miss Barbara Aim Scott oamee home is conquering heroine - aria also ris ii gold inlne for the olulrs so fortunate as lo display to the public her skating prowess. —0t» faive Journal.

There never liae been a. com- manding general of the Unites States armies so universally and iiffeciloiiabely known to all i125 fellow citizens simply by his ulrk- iiame. He might. truly say "I would rather be ‘Ike than President.‘ As lie steps from the field of beanie to the clolstered life of a college campus. lie leaves iils laurels for- ever fresh and green on the altar of patriotism. - New York Times.

A mass in Bellfiower, California. claims to have invented a gadget. that. gives his car 250 miles on one gallon of gasoline and one on water. He converts water into lbs hydrogen and oxygen componcnbz, mixing these with gasoline vapor which becomes is highly explosive product fed into the carburetor. If the scheme proves impracticable, ivatcli out for the rumor that iii-r blg all trusts have bought. the inventor ofL-Foi-t. William ‘Dimes- Journal.

Wiien anybody. or any group of persons. starts tampering ivltli the record of the debates of the elecizeil House of Conunous for any rea- soii whatever. there can be no limit. to the extent to which suc.i tampering may 5o. The people sf Canada. are entitled to know, by irieons-of the reporting service which their foxes pay for exact»)! what their elected representatives say, no rnsbtor how silly, how vul- gar, how inept. how bigoted, how prejudiced, those utterances may be. -- Toronto Saturday Night.

It would be the depth of de- featiem to be scared by falls i.i prices from their recent. or eves. from their present. levels. Wltii many commodities selling at. euro. three. and even four times the production costs at ivlilch, given a little more time, the world's el- fective demand could be met. prices should and must come ClOWlI. The lilglscst test of wise CCOUOHI"! policy is its ability lo ensure that. inflation can end and prices iml from inflated levels without t.'..:it process degenerating into a slump of the familiar pattern. - T'ie Times, London.

‘Ilioso who share our views about. the inherent deceit. of slot. machines will enjoy this little sltory about a man in Chicago who had ii faci- proof system of beiilirig them. "I gcl some bays t-o go with me, n..d u-hllo he pliers the mar-Irina ' g1 around to the brick iiiid drill e mug hole," he told the polite. "Tlien I put a wire in the ‘iole rind trip the jackpot; lever-arid ell llic money comes out. I've been doing ll. for year's." Police suZSP-il‘ ed this was iigalusl. the law- T119 man looked hurl. "What, law?" lie asked. "A slot machine 1s illegal iii the first place and tins no busi- ness belrig where it. ls, so that. leg- ally it isn't. lliere. and you can't. Lake nioncy illegally from some- Lhin; that. isn't there." That. stumped police. They book away his drills and his cray0115. B1111 kept him in tall for three don trying to rlevkle Wllflb w do with liirn. Finally they decided to n0 nothing. iinci the niaii was releas- ca, Cornwall Standard-Froc- holder.

Four hundred years after its iii- ventlon. the ollokot the hand-driv-

rrgp__ GUAkDIAN, CHARIiOTT§TQ_W_Ij__ _

The Scottishiflighlaiid Bagpipe And Its Music

-C_r‘

(By J. Orulckshenk a mlllbll‘ of the Scottish Piplnl Society of . . lmidan)

The Scottish Highland bezplpe ls one of the mOst. remarkable musical instruments in reiuler use. Bagpipes iii various forms have been known to be in use in ver- ious parts of Europe and Alli! lfll‘ mziny hundreds of years. The Ramon army which invaded Britain used for marching music an instru- ment called the "Tibia Utrlcul- oris," apparently e bagplpe with- out "drones." During the post few hundred year's different. forms of bagpipes have been in use in England, Ireland and Scotland ririri are now little usecl or obsolete. The Scottish Highland biigpipe has become‘ the finalised form. improved in construction but. not in fundamental design. nricl has been adopted nrid proudly cher- ished as a Scottish national instru- merit.

As its nerrie implies, the Hlih- land brsgpipe first crime into ‘wide use 1n the Highlands of Scotland. The (late of its first. appearance and the manner of its introduc- tion are both unknown, though some existing pipe tunes are over 300 years old. In ilie times when the Scottish Highlands were populated by Cloris. or tribal families. eiicii Clan Chief had his staff of pipers, officials of great prestige. Most Cloris had some ulpe music peculiar to themselves. Pipes were played at all social gatherings, to summon the warriors. rind on the march. Pipers were often sent la piping schools for years of study,

The most famous of those schools was at Boreraig fn the Isle of Skye. off the Scottish west coast. Here a memorial liris been erected to the llfacCrin-mons, a great family of. teachers, After the year 1715, when some of the Highlanders-re- belled ezainet the united English- Scotfish crown, the. pipes were actually declared an instrument of uvar. Their use was forbidden by the government under penalty of dealh. About. this time much traditional pipe music was lost, not. being preserved in a written score.

The Highland bagplpe is e reed instrument. in which one pipe, the “chantci-J’ plays t. melody, and three others, the " rories”. provide R fixed bass. All four pipes are supplied with air from a- leather bag lielcl under the left. arm. This is inflated by the breath cf the Player through a "blow-pipe" pro- vided ivitli a_ rich-return valve. Pressure is maintained by the arm. The instrument is sometimes re- ferred to lii the plural — "The BKZPFPCS" or “The Pipes."

The "cliaiitor" is u conical pipe about 43 inches long. fitted with a double cane reed resembling an enlarged oboe rend. There are sc-vcri finsrcr holes and n. thumb hole. A sonic of nine notes ls pro~ door by "irrrasrerrrrg mien.“ Rml-lils 0f iialcs. This scale l; thought. lo have been used in ancient Persia, and an lg runes can he (‘G11-pOsed lii approximately A. D and G. The actual key or Q Pipe lune ls not. quoted, being in- ferred from the structure of the lllllf- This T111180 of notes is well suited to carrying a my; way 1n the open air.

Two tenor "drones," about 15 lnciics long, are tuned in unison with the low A. iirirl the bass "dmnr? about. so inches long. is timed an octave lower. The "drones" are sounded b)’ single-tongue cylindrical cane reeds, and tuned by riioving sliding joints, The "CllfllllllPT" timing ls fixed by accurate setting of its rem-L A rraorl "chririntor" gives g rich. ring- inz: lone arid llie "drones" Klilg a Tlll-"lsl Orlan-plpellke tarie which also carries well lo a distance,

on knitting frame still ls heard lii thatched voltages iirouud Na.- tiiigiiani ~- almost. within SOAITO of the mighty plants where lIOSiIlY is made by hlllt-POWMIBG muchin-l cry. The hrinil-cirlveii machine. l1 vented by Rev. Wlllirini Leo of CfllHZflQfi lii 1509, earns useful. npare cosh for coriiitryavoriieii uw-‘u 1 turn out. flric iioslcry in the-r‘ homes between household choreml Machines are loaned to them 0/ several enterprising firms which rend round V3115 to collect. inc finished articles. Tlioush Mme l" the hand-knitted machinery now lii use are 150 years Old. U191‘ a" far in advance of Lee's original frame. set. with only £18m "eel-ms to lhe inch. They are worked by a rm lFEKCllBIPTODQlUTlB W0 1W" long rows of inter-active needles. Home knitting ‘for Sim" casl‘ ‘l5 riot. coulliied to worklns mens wives. The wife of e. Nottingham schoolmaster also helps the exp“- clrlve in this fashion. - Sh. Catli- arlnce Standard.

A body of water in Northern Saskatchewan hss been film" "Contest. lake." A lrlo w lhsfib" tlonriry. to find out. exactly who! meaning should be token from the new name suggests that: it. will serve oven better as a lymbfll ° ludicrous official ineptitude. _Uu- riei- the airrniuoni given. the rake might just as well have been call- ed any of the followlnl: Bt-rlla l9 Ai-iigment. lake. Keoti Controver- u “in, Debate Lake. Btruuslo l9! Victory Lake. Conflict Lake, Btriil Lake. Contention om. Amloeb-B Conflict lake. or ComWIlf-lil" Lake. Six Saskatchewan kids. as writers of winning eeseyron acn- servstton of natural resources. V1011 trips north by plane's their re- wug, gndvfllllylwfl! particularly impressed by the beauty. of one srnlll lrikie. So the name Ill/W fr?" m" w” nippoeed to reflect their

for!

"Dr-ones" rind “chaunters"

are rnado, or various tropic-til hard. \\'U0(l$. oftori ebony. Ornament.

nlivn of suoerh craftsmanship lri ivory anri silver is display“! in the finest sets. Bags are covered with coloured cloth. usually a clan Turfull. The instrument is iri- tended for. use lri the open nlr. It IS a solo instrument requiring m "Ccflmmnimcnt. and pipe hands Play ahiost invariably. in unison. lfiBether with drums, The lditdngg; of the iioles cannot be varied. ellhourzh a hard sot. of reeds gives :1 much louder and better tone than a soft sot.

wllll "C11 nrlmlllve resources. pipe music has n style and tech. niquo all of its own. Ils most noteworthy feature is the cmplny- piont of brief ornamental _or grace-notes" singly and ln grgup. loss. the ciuralion of which i, borrowed frcm the notes of the melqly. A pipe tune as played on the chaunter’ cannot be so plgy. "1 ‘"1 My other instrument.’ Phrtlwllfly l" Blunt‘ melodies the performer uses a skllful “rubiilo” l0 Rive expression to the mum,

The secret of the charm which Scottish pipe music has for many even non-Scottish listeners ls in the archaic and rousing tones of the "cheunter" sounding against "l! find boll. Surprising musl- clonshlp can be displeyeg by both composer and olmr lii the use of such‘ q IimPlQ instrument. For finer practice. the piper- u“; | separate practice "chaunter." This ls blown directly by the mouth. and gives the some scale lri soft bulking woes. Years o: 1mg practice are necessery._both on m; practice pipe and on the set itself. before one can become ii really load player.

A good player ls distinguished by the accurate adiusfment and turr- lng of his reeds. by the precision of bis turner-note" execution and by tiiqokprelsipn with which he reiidm the melodies. All tunes are memorfld. To be e good piper one

r f’ nus ‘column lo w» t4 u-"rr lrflnsh emu a. “.3... ,;_ m:- .~ ‘c m, R,C,,MOND;T_ glared. Ull:fl0lhhmi Mallow; IIOMi ‘I00!’ _ Iariliais no noee—r. Kyllfld." -‘_ ii; ii u: ' in! i 1f ovlrr ledge; a man one! carve wrrlflliroiidoolo. o’ on u h“ r08 .