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rHE ATMOSPHERE.

BY A BANKER. | we breathe, although quite in- vis tothe sight. and when at rest =¢ v | epibie te any of the senses, 18 standing a yery substantial and | tarvible substauce. The w eight of the air veessing upon the surface of the earth Is teen Pounds to every square inch, t J weight of the air supported by tne xs e being ho less than

5.500,000,000,000,000 tons,

being the equivalent weight of a sea thirty it deep, of quicksilver, over the whole surface of the earth.

fo vive some praciical idea of the weight of tue air it is only necessary to place the hand Grmly over the open receiver of an air pump, and exnaust the air; it will than be foand impossible, except tu a Sam- son. ora Hercules, to lift the weight of air which is forcing the band down upon the

receiver, Which,if the mouth of the re- eiver be eight square inches, will beg exactly a bundred weight of air restino

upon ihe hand. The air is estimated ts extend to the height of about forty miles above the earth, but .its density becomet Jess and less the higher we ascend, and at about eight or nine miles high itis too rare to support life.

Air is yery similar in its composition to Walci, thé One being Composed of the two gases, oxygen and nitrogen, the other of oxvgeu and hydrogen; and although to attempt to breathe either pure oxygen or pure nitrogen would entail certain death, yet the two gases combined in the proper propertions (about 20 per cent. of oxygen to eighty per cent. of nitrogen) produce the atmosphere, which is as much a nec essity of life as is water ; and were either the one or the ether to fail all life would become extinct, and the world would be a dead globe.

The atmosphere is subject occasionally tO apparent organic changes. Amongst the p-caliar phenomena caused by these changes, perbaps the most interesting is the mirage, or Fata Morgana. The effect of this most strange condition of the air is to bring within the range of vision objects many miles distant, and far below the horizon, and therefore invisible under ordinary conditions ; and sometimes these objects thus brought into sight are inverted and sumetimes distorted.

Sir John Franklin’s ship 1s stated to have been discovered in this way, and occasion- ally an oasis in the desert has been re- vealed to the weary traveller by the aid of the mirage.

Captain Scoresby, the Arctic explorer,

writes :— “* One day in the year 1822, I saw, c early traced against the cloudless sky, the image of a ship upside down; the real vessel was notin sight, not having as yet appeared above the horizon. I had often seen similar phenomena, but the peculiarity of the presentone was the extreme clearness of the image, in spite of the gr: at distance of the ship which it re- preseated. It was so sharply defined that as | examined it with my telescope I could distinguish every sail and the peculiar bui'd cf the shipso distinctly as to be able to recognize it as my father’s. We found out afterwards, upon comparing our ships’ reckouing, that we were nearly thirty nautical miles apart at the time, the re- tlecie 1 ship being about seventeen miles below the horizon, and several miles be- yond the range of vision ”

The writer a few years ago observed a most remarkable variety of the mirage. He resides opposite a church, and one morning upon rising he observed, to his astonishment, that the church tower was,

as it were, raised half as high again as its |

ususl height. lasted for perhaps @ quarter of an hour, when the mirage faced away. The so- call d “Spectre of the Brocken” is another varieiy of atmospheric phomenepa.

The reason why the sky is of such an extensely blue color has long been a difficulty with scientists. Various theories were propounded. some of them by the most eminent in their profession; but none were altogether satisfactory, and all were more or less conjectures. Recently, how- ever, the repeated attempts to lipuefy oxygen have been successful; and as a fluid oxygen is found to be sucha beautiful blue color; it may fairly be assumed that to the presence of oxygen the azure hue of the sky may be attribuied,

The etfect of the atmosphere is te diffuse light. On the summit of a very high mount ain, where the the shadows are very much sharper and darker than at the foot ofthe mountain; and ifthere were no atmosphere a room would be in total darkness, even if the sup were shining full on the room, except in that part of it wherethe raysfell. Narrow streets to which the sun had no access would be in percetual midnight, and thick

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This strange appearance |

air is very-much rarefired, |

| i | } }

of

forests would never enjoy daylight. This effect can be well observed on the moon, which has no atmosphere, the shadows of the high mountains projected on the plaine exhibiting an absolute darkness, which gradually increaes in extent:s the suo sinks below the mountain.

How exactly has the Creator aijusted the elements for the convenience and tle comfort of mankind! *And God saw every- thing that He had and bebold it was very good.” Surely turn ought to exhibit gratitude to Him for His benefice >nce, and to displav that gratitude by abstaining from offending Him, and with His commands,

ith le

some Cegree cf

by complying

The Amusement of a Tame Eagle In the Arizona Desert.

In St. Nicholas Wolcott Le Clear Beard writes of ‘‘Moses, a Tame Eagle,”’ which was one of his pets while he was engaged in cngineering ia southern Ari- gona. Mr. Beard says he was very fond of the lizards with which these plains abounded, and one large variety, called swifts, from their remarkable speed in running, seemed to be especiz1- ly coveted.

mankind in re- j

Whenever one of fhese was caught, | which was rot often, Moses would be | brought out, and, after the swift had taken a ten foot start, weuld be set free. The lizard would promptly resolve itself into a white streak across the desert, and, screaming with excitement, half running, half flying, Moses would pur- sue, followed by the laughing crowd, of which only those on horseback had | much chance of keeping; up. It was in no sense a cruel sport. [tf amused Moses and us and didn’t hurt the swift, for he got away every time, and if the feel- ings cf our pet were a trifle injured as he returned, perched on somo one’s wrist or saddle horn, from his fruitless hunt these were speedily soothed by the prompt gift of a nice bit of fresh beef, so no one was the worse. The liz- ards, however, he seemed to view as a sort of dessert, and as he could absorb an ublimited quantity they were al- Ways in demard.

A certain siick kept on the veranda of our cffice was generally under his eye, and when any one picked this up and started for a walk across the desert Moses would hop gravely along behind, sure that some of his fayorite dainties would soon be forthcoming.

Of course Moses was perfectly well able to catch the smaller kinds of liz-

Chirography of thé Presidents.

The chirography of the presidents from Washington down to McKinley is as different as the chirography of the same number of any other men chosen at random from the various walks of life. Students of character contend that there are many points of similarity in the mental make up and equipment of our presidents, but if there are they

are certainly not shown in the hand- |

writing of these men. I suppose old Zachary Taylor wrote the worst hand. I have seen numerous let- ters of his which Iam confident no bu man being could read. It was cramped

Of the entire lot:

and awkward, like that of a boy just | learning to write. Jefferson wrote a | plain, flowing hand, and Monroe's

writing was decidedly feminine, though

not nearly so much so as trrover Cleve- land’s, whose chirography is small and delicate. nervousness and timidity of which no- body dared to accuse him while he was on the earth, and Lincoln’s a smooth polish which his crude, simple mind did not bespeak. Of all our chief mag- istrates Mchinley writes the best hand, and his chirography shows a painstak- iug ease and caution which are evident- ly the dominant factors of the man’s -haracter.—St. Louis Republic.

A Bright Young Celestial.

Sao-Ke Alfred Sze, a young China- man, has just been graduated from the Washington hizh school, He has been a bright student and is well liked by his classmates. ‘‘Nextfall,’’ says the Wash- ington Star, “the expects to enter one of the leading colleges, and, after tak- ing a full collegiate course, to study law. ‘This will necessitate his remain- ing in America for at least seven years mon, and at the end of that time he will return to China and will probably be in line for the diplomatic service. He will be 27 years of age when he re- turns to his home, near Shanghai, after apn absence of 11 years, but he will be fitted by education and training to fill almost any diplomatic place that may be offered to him. His many friends in Washington hope that some time in the dim future, while serving his country abroad, he may be sent to Washington as the embassador of the Celestial em- pire,'’

Mrs. Langtry.

Ramor has it that, now that Mrs. Langtry has seccred her divorce, she

ards for himself, but there was less ex- ertion in allowing scme one else to do | it for him, and exertion at this period of his life was a thing to which Moses was violently opposed. These occasions were almost the only ones when he would be silent for any length of time, for he seemed to understand perfectly that at the first note of his voice every lizard within hearing would run for its life to the nearest refuge, and only when a blow of the stick failed for the second or third time to reach its mark would he give utterance to his deep disgust at such clumsiness.

fe eo ooo

There is implanted in every man a love of life strong enough to make him tremble and kneel before death when he thoroughly rec- ognizes its ap-

proach. The trouble with men is that

they do not rec- ognize death unless it comes . in some violent “x or rapid form. tw Consumption kills more men than wars, fam- ines, plagues and accidents, but its approach is insidious, and men do not realize that they are initsclutch. While consumption is a germ disease, the bacilli will not in- vade sound and healthy lungs. The lungs must first be in a diseased condition.

First a men feels a little out of sorts. Probably he is overworked. and has given too little time to eating, sleeping and rest- ing. His appetite falls off. His digestion gets out of order and his blood does not receive the proper amount of life-giving nutriment. ‘The liver becomes torpid and the blood is filled with impurities. These are pumped into every organ of the body, building up unhealthy, half-dead tissues. The most harm is done at the weakest spot, and most frequenfly that spot is in the lungs. A slight cold leads to inflamma- tion, the bacilli invade the lungs and we have a case of consumption.

Ninety-eight per cent. of all cases of consumption are cured by Dr. Pierce’s Go'den Medical Discovery. It is the great blood-maker and flesh-builder. It restores the lost appetite, makes the digestion per- fect, invigorates the liver, purifies the blood, builds mew and healthy flesh and drives out all impurities and disease germs. It cures weak lungs. sp.tting of blood, obsti- nate coughs and kindred ailments. No hon- est druggist will recommend a substitute.

Mrs. Ursula Duuham, of Sistersville, Tvler Co., W. Va., writes: ‘I had a pain in my side all the time, had but littie appetite and grew very thin. The ‘Golden Medical Discovery’ promptly cured the pain, restored my appetite and in- creased my weight.”

Qawrmbemds

The Nation says that in England at |

the present day the expression genteel | is mainly a peculium of the underbred —of those with whom wives are la- dies and of those who in their own sphere are known as gents and the like.

More than 10,000 persons are engaged

in the manufacture of explosives in |

England. Last year 40 persons in the business were killed and 167 injured by

accidents. ese

A satisfactory beverage for cuting parties is unquestionably Sovereign Fruit

will soon marry au Englishman of posi- tion equal to the task of restoring her to her place in society, in order that she may introduce her daughter. The girl, who has been very carefully brought up, is now of an age to go into the world, and as she has some of her moth- er’s beauty and will prcbably be quite an heiress her possible marriage is be- coming an important question.—San Francisco Argonaut.

Queer Conduct of a Kentucky Tree.

There is a very remarkable tree in Mrs. Elizabeth Porter’s front yard at her home in the suburban part of town. It is an old locust tree, and in the driest of weather a continued shower of mist or vapor can be seen coming frem its branches. A shower can be had beneath its foliage at any hour, day or night. — Glasgow Republican. me

~~?

Our straw hats must be sold, we don’t want to carry ope over, so we wil] take any fair offer for a straw hat. If you want one, come qu’ck.— Prowse Bros.

British trade, according to the July statistics, continues to expand, which may be fairly taken as an index to the

improved condition of the world’s trade.

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A Hand Written Book.

Colonel Noble D. Preston of this olty has completed a most remarkable book. Except for some photographs and one or two lithographs, the entire book is the work of theauthor’s pen. The workman- ship could not be more perfect or beauti- ful, and it took Colonel Preston most of his leisure time of eight years to complete it. The title on the back of the book is ‘Preston’s Pen Pictures, Medals, Songs and Sketches, Medal of Honor, Loyal Le- gion, Biographies, Bugle Blasts, Family Genealogies, ete.—Noble J). Preston,”’

On opening the book one’s first idea is that the pages are fine examples of copper- plate engraving, but a cioser inspection shows that it is all pen work, done with a yery fine pointed pen. Not from any ir- regularity in the work can this be told, however, as every letter is as perfect and every line as even as the best example of the engraver’s art. Each letter is separate. Only a man of unbounded patience and absolute control of his nerves could have done it. At the heads of the chapters are bits of sero)! work, done in ink of various colors, and the initial letter of each chapter is a remarkably beautiful piece of illumin- ation. Besides this, there is scroll and margin work on some of the pages.

Under the heading of ‘‘Preface,’? which is itself an exquisite bit of penmanship, the author says: ‘‘I made this novel vol- ume with pen and ink for my children ‘by special request.’ It possesses no literary merit and little of any uther. The edition is limited to one volume and is not copy- righted.’ The main body of the volume is taken up by reminiscences of incidents of the author's career as a member of the Tenth New York cavalry.—Philadelphia Record

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