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FAG E FOUR

THE GUARDIAN“

Morning Daily (Founded in M87) Authorised no Ben-um] Clan llnll, Pool. Offlro Department, Ottnvvn.

Tho lolunri Guardian Puhilohlnl Co. Idltnr Ind Managing I . . . J. if. Iturnett. Aonrwlioto Editor, Frunir Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink"

CHARLOTTETOWN, SATURDAY, SEPT. 2d, 1949‘

“Words, Words, Words!”

Commenting on the addresses of the mover and seconder of the Throne Speech at the open- ing of Parliament, the Ottawa Journal raises a point to which attention has frequently been drawn in these columns in connection with de- bates in our Legislature. This is the waste of time caused by verbose amateur orators, who take up an hour or more in saying what could be much bettzr said in fifteen minutes, had they only ap- plicd themselves to the art of preparing their speeches properly. _

"Main reason for Mr Boisvert and Mr. Laing taking so long to do their job, which could have been performed competently in Z0 minutes," says the Journal, "was that during most of their time on their feet Mr. Boisvert and Mr. Laing were not working at their iob; Mr. Boisvert taking time out to say things about our constitution which h::l bcen soizl a thousand times already, and add- ing, as a sort of bonus to irrelevancy, a eulogy of Mr. St. Laurent, and Mr. Laing deeming it necessary to deliver a panegyric upon the glories of British Columbia , . . lf Mr. Boisvert and Mr. Laing had wanted to do their job efficiently and without waste of Parliament's time, they would have left their eulogies of Mr. St. Laurent and British Columbia to some more appropriate occa- sion.

"And the great pity is that Mr. Boisvert and Mr. Laing are not parliamentary exceptions; not merely two new members out of line with parlia- ment's practices. On the contrary, Mr. Boisvert and Mr. Laing were conforming to a parliamen- tary tradition; a tradition which ‘says that if one word will suffice a half dozen must be used in- stead, that in verbosity and irrel-evancy and end- less repetition there is some sort of parliamentary virtue.

"There is in such things, of course, no par- liamentary virtue at all, but only a bad parlia- mentary habit, one which has nothing to do with free speech, nor with good speech, nor with sensible speech, and results only in inefficiency and costly waste of time."

Birds And Radar

A very great deal remains to be discovered. about bird migration, and tho subject is still one that is receiving much study. What makes birds migrate, what influences them on their flights and how do they find their way to the some place year by year? Little really definite and accurate data is available but one thing that has become known in recent years is the reac- tion of migrating birds to radar, which Tom Ben- son reported on in the BBC magazine programme called "Meet the Commonwealth." During the war years American radar experts were experi- menting and happened to throw a radar beam on a flock of migrating ducks. The birds flared up and changed their direction as though they had been shot at. This reaction to a radar beam was constant and moving pictures of the birds were taken. This year, through the courtesy of the Royal Canadian Air Force, equipment and men went to Delta, in Manitoba, during two weeks of the spring migration. Their experiments con- firmed the first observations in every detail, as Benson saw for himself. Every time the radar beam was thrown on a flight of birds they flared up and changed course and when one flight had been caught three times they became so confus- ed that they panickedand scattered independent- ly in all directions. The odd thing is that local birds seem to pay no attention to radar which hos this markedly unsettling effect only on birds that are in flight and migrating. What it means is still a mystery but it gives ornithologish a new field to work on when investigating the mys- tery of migration, and confirms the theory that ducks, geese and other waterfowl are well ahead of human beings in the science of aerial naviga- tion.

Vision Tests

The New York Centre for Safety Education has recently completed research which shows that some of the worst auto smash-ups areudirectly "traceable to vision defects which standard vision tests, where they are carried out, would not un- cover. lt was found that 58 per cznt. of chronic accident repeaters examined during this research had what is called "tunnel” vision. That II, they might have perfect 20-20 vision-straight ahead, but could not see on either side.

However, the lamentable fact is that only a few jurisdictions in the United States and Can- ada make vision tests at all when granting licen- ces. And now there is provod the urgent need for even stricter vision tests to keep the con- spicuously unlit off tho roads. Th glaring do- ificiency here, the unreasonabloness of expecting 1o prevent accidents when anyone, whatever his defects of health, or vision, can got o licence to drive an‘ auto, is only too obvious. Eye tests it ‘is contented, should a must in the pro- gramme for screening auto drivers to get the unfit off the roads. ,

Sterling ti: liollar

The care of tho British resistance to de- valuation i: that it would raiso tho prico of ossen- tiol goods that Britain must buy in tho United States. Tho higher prico of purchases in the United Stator would moon a higher cost of liv- ing in Great Britain. And if Britain must pay moro for American purchases tho cort would bo- gin to compoto with tho hoovy oxponsos olnody assumed for its social oorvicoo. But tho Amori- con argument is thot loworing tho prico of tho

ports to the United States. There is more to it than this. For a lowered pound would not only make the American purchaser more ready to buy: it might make the British exporter more ready to export to America. By keeping the British pound pegged artificially high in relation to the Ameri- can dollar, the British Government has, in ef- fe-ct, been encouraging the British exporter to send his goods into the sterling markets, where the pound has a greater value: This encourage- ment to avoid the dollar market was made all the more serious by the fact that the sterling market was already made comparatively easy, since it is less competitive than that of North America. '

EDITORIAL NOTES

Tomorrow 15th Sunday after Trinity.

_ . No further word IIIIOITI auto meters, what they are to cost and who is to supply them. i‘ i i

Provincial Interscholastic Truck and Field meet today. i i i

A convention cf some 400 Canadian agricul- turists here next summer is something to look forward to.

O I I

The railways have won their originally asked 30 per cent freight rate increase on the basis of their revenue need. It is still up to the Royal Commission to recommend how that increase should be made up.

Q i i

y international Typographical Union called a strike of printers in Chicago 22 months ago. On Saturday they decided to return to work on the original terms offered by their employers. Mean- time their funds have been pretty well eaten into clue to payment of strike relief.

At midnight tonight the time situation will again be utter confusion. Many communities are returning to standard time. Many had not gone off it. Others are extending the period of Doy- light Saving in order to save power.

The Federal Government's proposed housing programme is evidence that not all campaign promises are forgotten. But it took a ge-neral election to bring home the need to the powers- that-be.

I I I

If some such plan is adopted as is riow before the U. N. Food and Agriculture Organiza- tion, one of the discouraging but common situa- tions should be greatly eased, that of a glut of foodstuffs in one country and near famine in another which cannot afford to pay a commer- cially profitable price.

lt would be interesting to find out how m-uch

in counsel's fees has been paid by the Seven Fro- vinces in the Freight Rates investigation. They must have reachedalmost as much as has been lost by the increased rates, and now the appeal will all have to be heard over again onlaccount of the Railways’ determination to insist upon their further increase. i

Paracelsus, Swiss physician and naturalist, died this date I541. After a period of wandering ‘ho was appointed town physician at Basel, and lectured also in the University, but was com- pelled to leave the city and again led a wander- ing life until 1541 when he settled in Salzburg. He emphasized the importance of direct observa- tion of nature, discovered hydrogen, and intro- duced many chemical remedies. His great work Opera was published in 1589, and consists of 10 volumes.

I I

i I

In British Guiana and Trinidad a plague of frogs is infesting the sugar estates. The frogs "have attacked more than 1,700 acres of cultivat- ed sugar land on the Corentyne coast and.on the east coast of Demerara this year. In Trini- dad, whero frogs do $600,000 damage annually, extensive experiments in control haye been made, but no economical control has yet been establish- ed. The origin of this is worth recalling. A pest attacked the young cane and was ruining the crops when somebody discovered that rats fed on the pest and could rid the canefields of them. In time there was a plague of rats, and man- goose were put on their track, but it was soon found the mongoose prplerred to forsake the cane for the chickens on the estate. It was sub- sequent to this that frogs were resorted to, and now the planters prefer their room to their com-

pony ' I I i

Irltoln'o difficulties in mootlng competition in certain fields in tho dollar market are duo to "high costs of raw materials from non-dollar sources, and_ the higher margin of profit on ex- ports to tho soft currency areas," rather than high labour costs or low output, says a report by the United Notions Economic Commission for Europe, entitled "Relativo Changes in Labour Costs in Industry," published in Geneva on Sep- tember 7th. During tho first quarter of 1949, avorago output was 22 por cent abovo pro-war in tho United Kingdom, and only 20 por cont in tho United Stotos, while, although labour costs in tho United States hod risen I00 pir cont ovor the pro-war figuro, in Britain they hod risen by only 65 por cont, says this roport. It continues "The iricrooso in productivity in tho United Stator between 1935-38 and 194B, was only 10 per cont. For Britain the comparable figuro may bo put at l8 per cont." Tho Commission fools that as Unitod States labour costs oro about twico as high as pro-war, whoroos in Britain they are only two thirds highor, by thisfinoasuro sterling op- poors to be undor-voluod rothor than ovcr-valuod in temis of dollars. Tho survey, lnrsod on produc- tion, omploymont, and wago statistics of the UnitutStutos and twolvo Europoon countries, was preparod for inclusion noxt month in tho Com- mission's quarterly roviow, but it was publiahod

pound would ha“ on important influorico in Iow- oriog‘ tho prico tog of lrltioii goods oorit on ori-

iri odvonco bocouso of its possiblo bearing on current financial talks in Washington. -

THE I cuisrlomu...

74v firefifima

When quaclrs- with pills political would dope u; when Pblltlcs absorbs the llvelong

day. I ‘like to think about the n,“ Canopus. 5o for. so far owuyl

Greatest of vlsloned suns. they ny who list. ‘em;

To weigh lt science always must despair,

Its shell would hold our whole ding- ed solar systccn,

Nor ever know Twas there.

When temporary chairmen utter speeches,

And frenzied henchmen howl their battle hymns,

My thoughts float cosmic reaches

To where Canopus swims.

out across the

when men are calling names and making faces. And all the w-orldb ajangle and

ajar. I meditate on interstellar spaces, And smoke n mild seegar.

For after one has had about o week of The arguments of friends as well as

5. A star that has no parallax to speak of Conduces to repose.

—Bertha Lesion Taylor.

‘$003M I Old Charlottetown (And r. n. n

_@._

STEWARTS DIARY

DAVID Concluding excerpt from the journal of David Stewart, Esq, recording his visit to Prince Ed- “Ylfd Island in 1831 tn connection with the affairs of his estate, and also to Nova Scotla. where he visited numerous coal mining areas. Several pages of the diary deal- ing with the latter subject, in which he appears to have had 3 monetary interest through some un- named association or company, are here omitted:

"Plctou, Wednesday, 21th July. I now prepared to set. out (again) for Prince Edward Island with the packet. ship which was to sail that. evening. Saw Captain James; got. ready and went. on board and reached Prince Edward Island by 6 o'clock in the morning. Went. to my old [lodgings lat Mr Des- Brlsay's and got a horse and chaise after much trouble. Sent to Mr. Theophllus Stewart having first called at Lawson's to beg he would have my papers ready as soon as possible. Reached Mount. Stewart; found Captain Stewart. much bet- ter; dined and had some con- versation with Mr. Stewart on vari- ous subjects. Mrs. Stewart did not seem either well or tn good humour but I never learnt the cause. She was better next clay.

"Zt-tth July, 183-1 This morning was very warm. Ttieremometer 72' in my bedroom. Got. up and walk- ed over Coptn. Stewart's farm. The crops are excellent, the oats equal t-o any I ever saw; the pota- toes excellent; much of the hay made; the wheat called tea wheat. excellent; 1t. ls a new sort found ln a chest. of tea. from China. It. has some beard towards the top of the ear. Walked through the woods, returned immediately, being bitten by mosquitoes, tihe only time since I left. the Island be- fore, having never been annoyed by mosquitoes except. 1n the woods since I came to Nova Scotla. 1n fact. the mosquitoes are dreadful in the woods and tn the Soirthem Provinces but as the woods get cleared away they retire from the houses and are not, felt. "Saturday, July 30, 183d Srpent the day in looking over papers with Ca-ptn, Stewart and examin- ing into Col. Sorrelrs business, and into Captn. Stewart's concerns lbri general, and in arranging what. was to be done in my own business when we should return next. Mon- day to Charlottetown.

"Sunday 31st July. Iapent the any tn reading and writing and tn walking about; with Captn. Stew- art. Mr. Theophllus Tetumed this day b0 Charlottetown t._o settle about my buslnes with Lawson and to beg he, Mr. Lawson. would get: my title deeds ready. I read most of the day tn my bedroom. thermometer 75' tn the shade.

"Monday, 1st. August. 188i. This wu erflne morning, rather windy and the roads dusty. cqptn, saw. ort- ond myself went to Charlotte- town. Mr. Worrell came to Coptn. Stewart to breakfast irrtth us this morning, and lt. was arranged t-hot he and I should rlde to Charlotte- town together tn his choice, but. there was no room for my port- manteau. I therefore took Ooptn. Stewart's horse and rode with m, Worrell,

"The Court woo now up and Mr. Lawson, the Solicitor General, and Mr. ‘rbeorphllus Stewart. being ob liberty I thought. I might. be oblo to get. my business done. I hod plenty of fair promises, but thn was all. At. loat- I booomo qutto angry and insisted that; whatever was possible should b! done to make my title deeds pol-foot. They, go usual, promised faithfully. Coptn. Stewart. dined with mo and also Mr. Worroll.

I have mot hero Mr. John Oun- ard. the younger of three broth- ers, merchants, I-Iollfox. Ho w! introduced to mo by Mt. Oormoo who I hod seen before at trill House and who I found woo em- ployed hero o! "mt to the Cun- ard: for buying up oorn to land to Inglond. I examined tho corn which woo excellent, both wheat and oats, but. they bod no moons of cleaning lt. but by trend tho some on they did In tho Highlands 50 yeors I romanotrotod

ogolnat. this and hod obundonco of oxeuooo. HI. JOh-h Ounonl I I

CHARLOTTETOWN liming The Most

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The Blossoming Desert (Globe and Mall) 4 The improvement of the agricul- tural resources of Palestine by Zionist colonists during the last twenty-five years has aroused the admiration of people everywhere- By dint of fanatical effort. and bl‘ taking advantage of every asset. and opportunity, they have made large‘ areas of desert. "blossom like the rose." Their achievement» has been to a large extent a manage- ment of the water supply, to 511N156 the available moisture more even- ly over the crop year. If Israel ls tn provide a living tor the incom- ing thousands of Jewish lmmtfl- rants, it must increase food pro- duction substantially, This is. l" the first. instance, largely a mill-WI‘ of water. It. ts surprising at this distance to note that; most. of the looser- settlerl areas of Israel have an an- nual rainfall almost equal to that. of Ontario. Virtually all of lt- fflll5 between November and May. how- ever, and the rest or the year ls lrl general very dry. Much of the land ts barren desert, and has been for centuries. The need, therefore, ls for irrigation, and for the storage of water. To promote this end the Israel Government. has announced B, large scale forestry program which is to be pushed a5 quickly B5 possible. Experts agree that. at one time Palestine was much more heavily wooded than it. has been for 1,500 to 2,000 years. Biblical references indicate that. while the "wilder- ness" was near at bond, there was a. flourishing agriculture. and in earlier times cattle and sheen wis- lng were successfully carried 0n- I" fact, the famous phrase about the land flowing with milk and honey referred to the luxurlonce at the grass and of the flowering plants, and suggested that". the soil of Pal- estine was in most parts more

The Age-Old Story QQHCIDCBZEQQDCBIBJT

But lie glveth more .IIll!Ci wherefore He saith. God rellflflll the proud. but glveth groco unto the humble.

__. ——-€'*“ clever young mun, captain of one of the ships belonging to the House.

"1 invited Cupin. Stewart. Mr. Worrell and Mr. Lawson f° dim with me this day and with much difficulty got my papers ready from “wean and got. Captn. Stewart. to sign them. Mr. Theophllus Stewart ammo ln otter dinner and we 03d some general conversation on vBfl- ous matters with Messrs. Cunard, Oormoc, doc.

"It: was now time to set oft for Pictou and Oaptn. James sent. me word that. the packet was waiting for me. I set out. and found ti. impossible to call on CaPl-fl- 549W- art. or Mrs. Stewart to bid them goodbye. They were at Mr- Blrnlfl’! warehouse near the shore. I had however been much with t-hm during the doy and the Captain hod dined with me. Mr. Theophllus Stewart followed me on board. We were now on board with is bard wind, and boot about oll night. It rained. I stayed on deck all night;

anchor and loy till momlng." ii

G. I-Iutchoson 8i Son

OPTOIIITIIUTI l umuum u’ u» mm; a (lo-co for tho oorrootton of

ooulnr lofooh." I GIAITON Mill’!

FALL SAMPLES

\

,o ‘mo RIIII It.

the wind became violent. We cost .

suifled ti; grass than b0 forests.

however, and much o! the tlve religious life of the (llslrrich centred around tree worship.

unproductive desert. ls ‘portly due

to the treatment its soil and for-l ests recelvwrl by thfl SCOTBS 01 8e"-

erntlons who have lived l" l-lle m5‘, torlc region. Over-grazing killed

the grass and started the terrible chain-reaction of erosion and l"- fertlllty which makes deserts. Over- cutting of the trees. cultivation of

the hlll slopes, and the lack 01