THE CHAR

LOTTETOWN

GUAR DFAN

W- NEWSY NOTES -

B! AGI-IIJOLA

TEDIPUS LABITUII

i...

I CONSERKATION I

A WEIKL! COLUMN OF PRACTICAL OPINIONS 0F ‘I'll! VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING THE USE! AND ABUSIS 0P

BY MB. LUDIDW JENKINS

TIMELY YNOTES ON CONNECTED W

TOPICS ITH

Silver Fox Farming ’

PAGE ELEVEN I ii

.-::w....-._>--f-.< .4 .

FERTILIZER

'1'1111¢£ it Bgroes with local Mean NATURAL RESOURCES Rein-r four time: a year; but Iauenrlzm.

1 iiet out mi! auridial today. April “ml! HI with Sui-pare Time you, .

s - ‘ ‘ 1 . . . n W c fn 8 use lung: liitoilltearllitcerenlfisrfiiiimlgttlsllzge 11911313111? wlIxlItratIiZaldigI Iiwfi ' Spfllett Fur firms located i if. hi h i ht be d to d ta genial, being made) of wcod, and <21)? near the centre of the Tlmel Tlili: LROW-PRO AND CON mcnds that controofcrowsbeics- what. was formerly the Cudmore by us. a van ge

ta - . . . _ ' - ._ . as ua a sp en- arecr, e u 1-! tel gcgmnfltrég btgiriexkmigerigunbfi-lgiiktgd oentie ggrtgn vtvlléy “"811 1mm the. Crow-Waterfowl Relationships 113g: riingtiilfifirfigrtfamtlieobfrlficl} §§§’.‘L”°.Y,e°2,§§‘,f, “If: lMalpelque C m ‘*1, ed L; T grlId ievfllled 11' 11°91 111119 ll ‘"11 9-5 1,2? 11111111111 01 this Note La {glued oaremmngergi shudle“ "1 crgvrs °1'_ 1,1111," “Teddi-era. did ' crease this Spring. Last Mon- bull which faghtarxged r1550 oh/esrt o a more cost one would have done. m0 _o taken rom a; B13111, gun. 6 c1111 i" B‘ 1111 al°l111d~b c‘ ° “5 °“- K1 ‘nbmh "@111" dry they opened up 2i kennels. The tube" calves in less than three years . 5e13,- time, hat la; for there are girl-hilt meme ‘Time 511115 "my," b E- R-gllmblfih, has been issued tnlliexitgs that ontrvol of crows be rea- gu-ei; w“ e 51mg mg the next, g0 ._m.;,;e m", my herd m, m ‘he Preparing a Fertilizer auierrsement reminds inc of a politician g ca“ "v1" o r "';'}.;"...- ...'...:*:‘.:ri‘;;'..:c-i:..vgg~g,~csizaatiafimsc? c£..t.c'c":.:: ..°.....i%..;"cfi.:"t:c:: izdizzt; 2r.t.°".::c.a:2 <1 m" "v- ??§§°‘..;I.’5.3°i%.f°..ii“l.i’£°;£a"é€ “" """°"“"

‘riiat schoolboy who.

conimous pesmmjsm. one 1m! waterfowl" and "should by el

e described the best that came under my “ma, who has studied the crow 9x11112511: means be entrusted only to “use when New Jersey dairy framers p, PLANK N0. 1—0ur prices are exactly the same as other Fer-

“vely ‘or tllizer dealers; no higher and no lowcr.

11111-111’ V9818. 11- 18 Lowell W. Hancock, Summersirle,

an abstract noun as "Sflmei-hmk W"! "D0 The Next Thing" — an - ,_ Ma . 1938, formed a co-o tic

may, had no U reel eidstenrce, Lire old way of laying "Q0 w m" mthmto ti“: CRO tabla encm- lgvog?agé1é‘Vwli€t£Oik?ifiagglewllti1z-rgig n05‘; who has been in hospital for sev- asgclatlori to promote thepebriraeed- e , _

goodness. etc, might well ave in- h u: i. no b. ‘ man iaiisw- ‘waterfowl Heath“ “ma!” nus m erai weeks is expected out again ing of daiiy cattle through iirtitie- PLANK N0, Z-Buy your Nrlllllrl" M"! 11m 1mm 11w l1r=1°r W11" eluded Time 1n hlfiflew. o ' 1736- . All Look Back:— S; m. 11:0" I $.15 1' 8111; , mod counsel for anyom- making the latter part of this week. l-le is ial insemination. Their major ob- in the fall of the year and throughout the winter months. mm‘ we mm a ‘inyteanoufi e .' I oheerv i i. waterfowl aIId "other e bird‘: studies on the nestinz Brmmda of "mun" m“ m °9°“1‘1°“ “d Jew” w“ l'° elumd 111° u-‘elumeis but’! "1111 1' ""1111! 1" 1111111115 111111 1’°1"°'~‘1- 11“'“°'111"" ‘l’ Year’ B’ day’ a m u ' 1m 1 ca; pa 1- mbeel “If” m m“ “'5' and h 10ml mnmwd dggnv game suecum He also depth Will have to take it easy for some of proved sires. Career sired 1.250 buy each day regardless of market condltions and l feel cun- Qgwdgntlnliilifllilctl: (iirltyolgraig; lone: engtavglnmnlgd 13111132- ptactloévehh deztmctnfiw 12,, cafes all control work bv haphazard Qfifbaglfifihgwfwf guiftiulziigr go)- lanai-gilt tyillyyelxlgs I.'.I.“f§§?,e§°“'." fident that conservatively we have shipped from (Jiiarintte- u mg mind 1,5 happy 0i.‘ llnoolnfor- 011181‘ advantage in Journeys", m 1°)’ 91 11119 590111118 80011-5 111111111‘ gflggsglozc-t-ioghgegoid 15g‘ cgrelgl D0rts from his ranch are g . Bordentown for use by two bleed? town five cars of Turiiips and three cars of Potatoes in any one table. In that way Time 1| In - -E I. When I look back half l ‘autumn and dean“ 710$ and should Sbestglqn 3t? h; z From the first 14 females due they lng associations. The experiment "l" 111111111911 11y 1111)’ Cl11"1(111'=l°\\'l1 110111" 11ml vvluiiltufltlil)‘ Fluff‘ ‘treegon closaiymdallifigt to otheeg gang-on lor g0, Imam u,‘ “wean, We lgarn tafgkit lvéaabolglllanned so bv wildfire management 589M128 have l3 iittera. They wlntered e0 station estimated that at leasi: 300 than the total of all the dealers put together.

pners o: me m I ‘ovum co. ‘ In.‘ dam, with Se“ 511d“ a“ B a ca!“ a uywhera n. everywhere‘ vixen, and an or them mated‘ For‘ calves sired by Career Wm be bom PLANK NO. 3—We give employment here for about. eight. and h

by certain physical conditions.

Time astronomer is interested tn “ma; (or Star) Time; which, as I have read scmewheic is the truest time of all. The Earth turns once round on its 1X1! 0118-17 33 11°11" and 56 minutes, and 1n that lpace o; pgme all the stare appear to make e c; plete circuit and to come back to their original position with respect, t0 the Earth. The lidereal dgy then is 23 hrs. 56 min. in dura- tion and there are 366 and a quarter such days 111 011° Yell‘.

But. during the year the Earth p05 only tilHI-S on Iii! LX318 366.25 time; but it also travels once round the sun 1n its orbit: and the com- bination of the steady axial motion With the variable orbital motion, ultimately makes the Sun appear to go round the Earth 365 and one- quarter times 1n the fier- BO W6 have 365.25 Solar dlye the SIM-Iii and it is these that the Sundl works with.

The Sundial shows an irregular time called Apparent Solar Time. Tiiia i; sometimes faster and some- times slower than the average, due to the variable orbital motion a1- ready mentioned; and since a uni- form time is itughiy desirable an- other variety named Mtun Solar Time was invented, to iron out the irregularities of the former. 1t is therefore

art of the time, and behind the gun part of the 4 Sundial time (A.S.T.) with the uni- form |M.S.T., we find that the Sun- dial is 14.5 min. slow on February llih; in aflbement April 15th; 3.75 min. fast on May 14th; correct again on Juno 14th; 6.25 min. slow on July 26: in Element on Sept. 1; 16.25 min. fast on Nov. 3: agree- ment on December 25th; and 14.5 min. aiorw on Feby. 11 again. ‘Thus the Sundial is in agreement with the Mean Solar Time four tunes in the your, but the dates may vary one day ti either direction— (being influenced. by the calendar addition in leap years.

But thatls not the whole story because our clocks are tuned to Standard Time, rather than Mean

tic Stan- iiara Time 1a reailv the imsxr. (often called local time) at the 60th meridian, running near Sydney, Cape Breton. At any given location the difference between Standard Time and Mean Solar Time ls a. constant (or invariable) amount de- pending on the longitude of the piace. For instance when it is 12 o'clock noon at Long 60 deg. W., it. is actually 11.47 am. at. my house, which is situated at 63.2 degrees West Lang: nevertheless under the Lmye-zone system my clock must register noon. 1t will be seen, how- ever, that the difference may be anythi from zero, for a location on the imo-meridia-xi, to 30 or 40 minutes for a location at the edge of the time-belt.

There Is a. great. deal more might be 581d about tzme; but I must sum up with the remark that. the Sun- dial shows local. Apparent Solar

i111.

Your ovenimenifa lgrlcul- turai apartment l: strong! advocating the use of lime 1 season. Conault your agricultural representative concerning the lppilcatlou of lime to your loll,

Thu! no many good reu- iuml for this; you likely know them all and are “leaning to lime your farm t i: Sp ng. To avoid being disappointed in delivery. lace your order now while " rookville” High Grade Limestone la aelii nt the nine low rlco n he! all Broollvllle agr cultural Lime la the finest manufactured will give only result:- Consult Ill! former who hn need It. Regardless of Increased wro- duction cost: there la no in- trance in p co to you this ID

Ill- PRICES

$3.00 peg- ton in Bulk $3.75 per ton In Bags

Car iota of 80 Tons or more delivered to vour nearest rail- wav station In P. E. I.

Avoid the u uei rush by bian- Mniz vour requirements early. Bend vour order 'I‘O Y specifying nhinbinl date to

Brookville Mfg. Co. Limited Brookvllle. st. John 00.. NJ. Mrs. H, G 8 Adams. Prea. P110116 8-0242 or 3-2783

G111 editions, and gel-yin; a gown o‘ 260,000 inhabitants and an extensive hinterland of mining villages vet only able to illustrate its Satilrday issue with e. few line drawings. For $111111’ M80111 photography am not 1°11 been l sumac in connection _ w th the prlnuui press, and g0 the 0111111111101‘ of The Chronicle eni- |l>10yed two engraver-s who carved matrices. on "chalk blocks," of busts of notable men, 8091168. views of villages and churches, and anything eiae that, r1181" be morocco to mmcir. the. WW". ‘Ibouzn these efforts had often very considerable historic value. the technique. and‘ the mater- ial 1n which the artists worked, 331/5 I hardness to the pictures which rather tyctracted from tliefr I Penance. Now. the half-page oto-engravlng of some ioene oi- 111131111’ 1| 111 OVQW-day common- place with The Cluoxiicle; and tak- ln it as a whole there is 1n any ed tion as much “picture" as $211M." if We except the advertis-

There i: indeed u. great change both in the content; and the gen. 111111 1111111-1-119 of the English news- Dfluera since I was a boy. The Journals that; pleased my grand. sire's generation would be eon- iiffdfiiéttt“ "new"

e per you eiapec to find big heefllhiea screaming across the top of the front ago, 1°14 01' W1111o 5111088. mops or lius- irations, and a great; variety of W98 from the big letters at the top to the little Print at the nottom. But even in the 90's such outstand- lnz Minna as The Times were set solid a-ii the way through; every illblwt began a new column, with a. very minimum of heading, and no variety or relief. One might have SUDPOEed that they were trying to

i I

8O into the space. The matte was quite different mo: there werervery, V811’ few advertisements, but, there were plenty of politics. In fact all the main news items were political, whereas todpy (izi England) it is only at speonl times of crisis that politics takes any foremost plaice. §Jli'£.£§““l.3°.f3."i’f 1°" “‘?.8“£ . eas a u

sport in the old-time papers; and if by any chance there was a foreign Wlwfam from some distant capl- tibivii. ‘L? 123°’ fxpmffil’. '51‘ a s ory r e

modern fashion. About 90 per cent of modem features was missing .21’.‘.‘i.“é€.i‘§§§‘”i1°°’i ‘f "i" "1"- . osores. no puz-

izlfls. ‘no jokes; hothing gcsslpy or l 52.1.12‘ S.“ 3fiif°i."fii‘.‘.‘.’.’.‘.lié.‘““ " ‘°““ imcrseiairnro’ f“: ithcse d: a used tdbe wfllgigllnll- most exc uaiveb’ for educated pelople no ty.

<1 they were 1n a decided m1 has been mentioned before, the

, an 1A5 first universal and compulsory m. ucation Bill was passed in 1870, and not till about i890 was there any- thlng like the potential newspaper public that there la today. ‘flint 1.5 not to say that the man who couldn't read, knew nothing about the news. He could nearly always 11W the ncwrnwper reed aloud in I Public-house or inn. but he was atlil much. moro interested in local 11"" 01' 806119. The mau of the people had no voice, and didn't bother about political ngwg guy- WBY. 80 the newspapers were writ- ten for the few hundred thousand People who ruled England. Probably the combined circulation of all the Enflllsh newspapers sixty years ago was about half a million; tcday it it not less than ten millions; and that increases has demanded a 1111111186 in the Wile of Journalism. In the last two decades of the first vent there were many sign: of thla com fig mange. W. T. Stead -e. esi man. by the way-twee one of the pioneers of modem Journalism. Ho dldlvt get up Q “OW-VFW”. but lie published a Rie- view (or as it ia now called a. Di- gest) to which he contributed much original matter on subjects can. aidered taboo by society at, mat, tum, I well remember the storm that arose when he published "the Modem Babylon," in which he im- cuacd London of being the centre of the White Slave ‘Traffic: taking him altogether he was a very sen- sational writer. Then there was George Newnca. who gave an im- Pfilill to the press in a different direction. About that period I heard In editor any to his nib-editors: "If you want to make the WW1- a success, don't try to educate the Ifleople, try to amuse themi" I be- eve he was being cynical: but moat certainly Newnes found his way to euocue by that method. He began a tmnper called "Tit-Bits," k la still running; “he B Ia such a’: are always hep:- gtfllfll. and it eold like the prover- ill hot cakes. It wla the first "way of escape" (u the choiog- fatl say) offered to the.pu lic who won beginning to feel the pres- sure of the tines; and they were immediately inter-ea ed. Then Newnes had another bright ideea for increasing his circulation: he hid m , in the ground and announc- ed clues and hoints as to ita where- oboufa through his r. There was a rush for "Ht-B ta," and when if: readers thomht the ‘d found the clue. out, they went wi h spades, on o treasure hunt. Sometimes a house- holder might be‘ awake ed ‘(Looms

I

,...

digging April! izi Canadian seed catalogues

n by of 4 pie feverishly an v.33... er ma in u we.

the northern United States. but by 1934 the breeding population of ducks had been so drastically re- duced within our borders that suit- able places to study the two species could not be found. The operations were therefore necessarily confined to certain area-s 1n Saskatchewan and Alberta, where intensive stud- ies were conducted during the nest- ing of 1934 and 1935.

The author by no means absoives the crow from blame. In some place: he found serious damage. Since the places studied were in- tcnsively occupied, he concludes ‘that there the crow was probably at its worst, and while justifying carefully conducted control meas- ures under certain corcumstanccs. he takes care to warn against un- warranted conclusions and ill-ad- vised action. He points out that the crow oocum in potentially des- tructive numbers over only about one-sixth of the waterfowl nesting areas 1n Alaska and Canada. The published maps show that this pro- gcirtion is certainly not over-fair to

e crow.

The effective range of the crow superimposed on those of fifteen im- portant species of waterfowl, 15 shown in separate maps. _ These maps should be carefuiiifistuziied bv those who are prone to make uwarrantod aiaaertiona as to (he importance of the crow as a water. fowl destroyer. Many of the crew's viiiflers have proceeded on the aa- sumption that. crows inhabit the en- tlfe continent. and in summer sub-

mainlv on the cuss and voting of waterfowlorotherg me birds. But Kalmbach finds that damage to wat. erfow] truction of einzs (allowing for sec-

sure. but nearly always he Joinedthemi Newnes had really Bot bald of one o! the modern we s of 56111118 B- newspnper -- namey to set everybody talking about it, and to get everybody‘ excited at the Droipect of winning a competition. I hope to have more to say about such newspapers next week.

NOTES ON ISLAND PLANTS. The Scrophulariaceae (2)

We have no less than seven spec- ies of Veronica or Speedwell, none 0! Whlih are of particular import- ance naw-a-days. Tie first ls the Water Speedwell. Veronica Ana.- itlllia-aquatca. ‘These plants are called Speedwell because the flow- ers close at night or before rain, so that if they are open you "speed (travel) well," r.e., comfortably. Normally blue, the Speedwell ca. caslonally varies to pink oi- white. just as the blue wild hyacinth and the bluebell do: and it is worth remarking that white_ pink, or yel- low flowers never vary. ifiverreiy, to blue. The Water Speedwell is con- sidered to be anti-scci-butic, says the “Treasury of Botany" 11870). The American Brsokifme (V. Americana) is a. rather similar plant. frequent- ln! the brooksides and intruding its decumibent stems into the water. The "lime" in its popular name im- plies that it was once used l'ke “lime-juioe," for the relief of scurvy. , In the old days when pickled meats ~ formed a larger part of the people's diet, scurvy was very rife and at Umes fatal; there were few vege- tables grzwn. and so the ransacked the woods, fields, and oven the ditches for green food to counteract the disease. we must hunt the dry hills and o n woods for the Common S we . ancient- iy called the Fiuelien, (V ofiicinalis). Johnson, in his "Useful Plants of Greet Britain" (i862). says the ieav. ea have been recommended as a substitute for bee: but another botanist, Wm. Wltlierlnl. Writing in 1868. any: the dried leaves lire more astringent and less grateful hhan tea. (These ersatz substances are seldom as good as the original.) Then there is the pretty little slender "Bird's-eye" (V. Cham- wdrya), the darling of English children who get/tier it in the pas- ture; end roadsidea. All our veron- icas appear to be adveritive from that ‘country; even the so-cnlled “amei-icana." being but a form of the English V. Beccnbungs. The flower: of the Bird's-eye are so fruit; that they fall very soon after they are plucked. Two very distinct lines of hairs run down the stem till they meet with a leaf when they change to the other side. In fiance thin lent is the "Veroniquel Fennel] " or ‘If "Petite chene’. The Corn Speedw i, (V. lrvensla) ls a taller plant, up to 16 inches hzgh, an annual covered with n. ood deal of pubescenoe. It prefers ry sandy| fields. but is rare here and com- moner in N.S. and southward. On| the other hand we may fizid the Th e-leaved Speedwell (V. ierpyl- lifoiia) in damp, fields. where it is a. perennin with a creep- ng base and ascending stems. Finally our iiat ends with Buxbaums Speedwell (V. Toamefortii) which, again, is a form cf the English V. Buxbaumli. It infeate both fields and, waste pieces from here to 0n-

tario.

The genus Veronica has yielded (in Britain) 29 shrubby species and iii species of hardy herbaceous perennials to the garden: they come fmn lfilrope. New Zealand. the Invent and the Caucasus. I notce that haif-a-dozen varieties

is confined mainlv to dcs- 4

0 pack m u mum a would posshbly gaunt garden: it was a nuisance to

Man's Ffend: the Crow is the tit‘_e_ of Publication N0. 85 of the lihnerzcncy Conservation Ccvnmitbee. It consists of three parts: an int-ro- duction briefly setting forth the crew's habits. and the warfare jihfit

. . e

is being waxed agaixis Crow as B. Villain" bv Lumiey re- Maizazine: and " The Crow in Re- lation to Waterfcw." reprinted fzom The Shortage of Waterfowl" an Em- crszencv Conservation publication. also bv Mr. Lumley.

1? . Ellsworth D.

In this publication la discussed

the studied propaganda that has beenput out by those who profit bv klliniz. In those efforts two rea- sons for: kuiinz crows have been stressed: the oualitv of sport af- forded. and the crows value as food. While material for "sport" is de- CPGBSLMZ vearlv. and stranger aub- stitutes t-hen the crow are being ad- onted. w» bc‘iev-= that few pesons

‘have serlouslv considered the crow

as a desirable item of fcod. Still as a. result of the sllameles5 pmpagand- ism that floods our sporting liter- ature. immense numbers of crows have been killed. and we find the bird much decreased in our eastern States. as ls evidenced by the dim. inution of lama winter roosis. This luring the case. our game birds, of the reasoning of the crew's tmduc- era were sound should be getting morn abundant. On the contrary, manv signs point the other wa . among wh‘ch- may be cited the add - ficn of the red souirrel and other ltll-Jll animals to the game lists of our States.

I NEWSY NATURE r

NO TES

By Stuart I. Thompson

4

THE NEGLECTED RAVINE

'I'iiere was certainly nothing p10- nrsmg in the appearance of the little spot. It ups only a tiny rav- ine. Along its wesLern side ran the road 1n a long siopin curve. Up and down this the traffc rolled, rais- ing dust in dry weather and splash- ing mud in wet weather. A railroad (viibonkmcnt bounded the ravine on the east and a. steep hillside of dumped refuse was graduaiy creep- ing in on the noi-uh. In the midst of these three slopes it lay. triangular 1n shape, barely an acre 1n extent. There were still traces of its for- mer beauty, in the tangled shrub- bery. f-hc few remaining trees and the little trickc of the streamiet far below. Yet ind-av the whole spot was so unkempt. and so surrounded with the sordid works of man that passerby along the road scaxce be- stowed upon the ravine a second glance. Why should they‘) Farther on down the curving roadway there were other hillsides that were really beautiful 1n their forest trees an ravines as yet unmarled with dumps and rubbishu- Much less was any- one tempted to venture lnfp the place. There was noiiing to go 1n for. 1t would have meant a scramble down the slope but to come up again. And so this IIvIIE three-carn- ered wildiernes! lay neglected by all who passed season after season. As i passed along the curving reed the other day it. occured to me that never in all my rambles had I been iii this little ravine. As school-boys we nad spent many. many Satur- days in this part of the country. But better hi is, better woods 11nd better streams had attracted us. This was too insignificant to explore. But after years of rambling. per- haps with more than a sclioolboyks aims. I have learned that no nook nor cramiy is too imail to yield 1n- tercst to them Who know how to seek. W all. feelings akin to the thrill of discovery today I climbed the rude wooden fence and fe.t my way care- fully down the snowy hillside. I had seen a ntglthem nhrike In _one of the trees d thought I mght find his prey impaled in some tho-n bush. ‘Ihat shrike was the only bit of life I came upon in this whole ravine. I dLd not even find the murdered mouse. But duzing the next half hour or so as l lhgered here I found signs of iife abundant,