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Represeaied Nationally by Thomson Newspapers Street West Toronto, w 1030 West Georgia oe at

“The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink.”

TUESDAY, JULY 14 1959.

PAGE 4

Tree Farmers’ Association.

A move to be commended is the formation of a Canadian Tree Farm- ; ers’ Association, which has - been sparked by a Quebec woodlot own- | ers’ group and-has now received a

ar ag ee a

EE oe ;

:

ational charter As stated by Mr. |

J. A. Macdonald, chairman of the organizing committee, this is a na- «tural outgrowth of the publicity and _. promotion given to tree farming _. during the past five years by the _____ Canadian Forestry Association and -- the provincial Forestry Associations. | The Canddian Tree Farmers’ As- 3 |gociation, however, is an entirely "separate body. It welcomes as mem- bers all woodlot owners, and: is organized to provide information -and greater practical service to owners in growing, harvesting, mar- keting and managing their woods for profit, on a permanent basis. Across Canada there are 50,000,- 000 acres of privately-owned wood- land, much of it in. need of better management. Some 20,000,000 acres are located on farms and listed as 5 farm woodlots. However, over 30,- 090,000 acres are woodlands of non- resident owners, industries, or other groups. All told, the wood from these acres represents a_ substantial item in the Canadian forest eponomy. Even though the privatély-owned

far below their full capacity, they - still supply nearly 30 per cent of all the pulpwood for~Canada's lead- ing manufacturing industry. This in addition to saw logs, fence posts, fuelwood, pit props, Christmas trees, maple syrup and other produgts from these woodlands in all ten

Briefs presented to the Senate Committee on Land Use in Canada showed that privately-owned wood- lots needed increased protection

against fire, and against prazing by -

domestic animals; improyement cut- tings, equitable taxation»

quality of wood growth on these lands can be substantially increased. The average woodlot owner also needs advice from professional foresters in government, industry or univer- sity extension services. Thet service of a consulting forester, working on a fee basis, is also helpful toward ; increasing production and income from these privately owned forest lands. It is felt that a large and active, C.T.F -A. membership, with active provincial branches and ‘local units across Canada, will permhit the exchange of much useful informa- tion on this subject. f

.\. . Pigs As Crops

We are indebted to -Judith Rob- inson, lively Ottawa. columnist for the Toronto Telegram, for an acc- count of how pigs got into the par- liamentary debate on Agriculture Minister .Harkness’s bill to provide for federal contributiofis“to provin- cial crop insurance plans. Mr. .Ar- nold Peters, CCF member for Tem- iskaming, brought them in, when he queried: “Would the proposed crop insurance cover pigs?” According to Miss Robinson, the question @aused laughter,.led by the minister and his two advisers. Up- per civil servants from the depart- ment concerned are, by Canaflian custom, allowed on the floor of the ' House to sit at a small table in front of their minister's desk when his

Having consulted humorously with the advisers, the minister’ explained ‘ that pigs were not a crop; they were livestock, therefore not covered by the proposed act. : The member for Temiskaming came back with the Oxford diction- "ary. The dictionary definition includ«

. Harkness’s officials could “sneer and ~~ Inugh” but if they and the minister would consult the dictionary oftener

a eae have a better bill.

The rose to deplore at-

who were not in‘a _themselves,° Oth- > the act at this

-woodlots.are.at present growing wood -

better ' markets, before. the quantity and :

- tastic. It may be that

__pills-or estimates are in committee.

_*. ed livestock’ among farm crops. Mr. .

without much effect. Mr. Peters was up again directly. He had gathered from the expressions it produced that his reference to pigs as a crop was considered very funny, but he was against the minister sharing the fun: with his upper civil servants. He re- " sented the idea of these officials sit- ting in the House and presuming to pass opinions on what he said be-

, tore he finished saying it. Moreover

he was not impressed with the prac- tice of having civil servants in the -House to help ministers answer questions at all. In Great Britain it is not allowed. A minister there must be able to conduct his own affairs. Hon. Mr. Harkness replied with heat that Mr. Peters had no business talking like that, but Mr. Peters ‘maintained that he had. Then CCF "Jeader Argue rose fo protest that -the minisier was out.of order in not

addressing the chair. Finally the dis-_

cussion got back on thé rails again, without further light being thrown on the question of pigs as crops.

. “Right or not,” concludes Miss

+ Robinson, “the member from Temis-_

kaming certainly has a point. When the Commons is in committee civil servants.2lldwed on the floor of the House dominate debate with semi-

| whispered prompt lines. Their pre- ence says little forthe industry and ~

intelligence of the minister they promp and does less° than nothing

for the authority of Parliament.” —..

Back To Geneva

The Big Four foreign ministers’ conference has resumed~in Geneva, with little hope of any change in the Soviet -attitude om the freedom of West Berlin) under NATO pro- tection, and the reunification of the present two Germanies. ‘The. best prospect is that a truce of some kind may be worked out that would put the Bérlim-crisis “on ice” for some time. Both sides must be well aware “that it is better to argue than to fight. Meanwhile, something very im- portant to European stability has transpired in recent weeks, with the final transfer of all French control of the Saarland to West Germany,

by peaceful negotiation. The last time the Saar passed

- fréin French to German hands was

in 1935,-after a riotous plebiscite in which Hitler's Nazis terrorized, the territory, rigged the elections, and threw fear into’ wesiern Europe. This time there was no alarm. While the coal and iron mines pass under West German control, making that country the No. 1 western Europe industrial nation, this no longer has its old meaning. Three years ago, following an orderly plebiscite, French and German leaders worked

out the present arrangements, end-

ing a 300 year dispute over the thousand square mile area with its

rich resources. West Germany and\,

France are now allied in the six na-

’ tion European Economic commiun-

ity (Common Market) and thé Saar will be used to further their mutual inferests. \ In the immediate postwar years, the idea that any amicable settle- ment could be reached on the Saar question would have appeared fan- the Berlin issue will also find its own solution in time, if it can be kept, through wise diplomacy, from deteriorating at :this juncture. © f

EDITORIAL NOTES

New York State businessmen have been ordered to have | printed or_af- fixed warnings on plastic bags sold to the. public. Unhappily,notes. an

exchange, several victims of suf-

focation by plastic bags : in recent

* months have been too young to read.

Payment of fines by installment has been approved by the House of Commons as an amendment to the

~ Criminal Code. It is estimated ,that

the new regulation ould reduce

Canada’s annual jail population by

roughly 30,000 persons. oe *

-A strike in the great West Coast timber industry is directly costing the economy of British Columbia about a- million dollars. a_day,The whole country will suffer as well,

“since a substantial part of the na- tional economy has been paralyzed. oe bie

Prince Edward Island's popula- tion was 102,000 at June 1, accord- ing to the Dominion Bureau of Statistics estimate. This was an in-

crease of 2,000 during the year. The

total population of the Atlantic Pro- vinces, at 1,857,000, showed a 12- month increase of 32,000, with New

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DON’T END YOUR TRIP HERE:

Ignorance Of The Law. —

Roy: St. G. Stubbs in the Manitoba Free Press

“Ignorance of the. Law excus-, In short, everybody is presumed.

es no man, not that all men know

the Law, but ‘tis an excuse every | Majesty's Judges, who have a}

man will plead and no man can tell how to confute him.” ,

In these words, from his Table Talk, John Selden explained a very old principle of Englist law which was taken over from Ro- man law. The first full-fledged lega! system principle is express- ed, in the present Criminal Code of Canada, thus: “Ignorance of the law by a person. who com- mits an offence is not an excuse for committing that offence.

Sometime s the rule is express- ed in another form, as, for ex- ample, by Taylor on. Evidence:

“It is conclusively presumed that | been a presumption that everyone |

every ‘sane person, above tke age of fourteen, is acquainted with the criminal as well as civil, the common as well as the sta- tute, law of the land;fand the ‘doctrine “ignorantia jiris, quod quisque tneture scire, nemimen excusat’ is as uniformly recog- nized in this country as it for- merly was in ancient ‘Rome. In a facetious mood, anyFng- lish Recorder,. who accepted this interpretation of the princip- le, addressed a criminal juury in these words: “‘As soon as a Chinaman who speaks and reads no English lands on the white cliffs of Dover he is deemed to know the, whole of English law which is contained volumes of. statutes, volumes of Statutory Rules .and Orders, and in some three-quar- ‘ters of a million decided cases

Unresolved eS ;

-The decision to transfer Amer- ican fighter - bombers and some reconnaissance, planes from France to. wr itain brutally exposes the West's failure agree on nuclear-age strategy.

Despite months NATO representatives unable to resolve

of trying, have been differences

within the alliance on the larger |

nuclear issues, Among these questions are where the nuclear armament should \be stationed and the moral-strategic problem of whether the West should be first to resort to nuclear weap- tons

Gen. Norstad’s action in~shift- ing the American squadrons from

their natural locale in France— | and in’ the process transferring |

to Britain the dubious distinction of having a higher nuclear ‘load’ than any other country is the

in some 200 | numerous |

to | |

jto know The. law except His

Court of Appeal set over them to

; put them right.”

; But Judges do not all agree

' that the statement “Every man

is presumed to know the law,” a correct way of stating the

principle.

LORD ATKIN “QUOTED

Lord Atkin, one of the judges, once said: not prepared to accept the view that there is in law any presump- tion that any one, even a judge. | knows all the rules and orders of , the Supreme Court. The fact is | that there is not and neve has

| knows the law. There is the rule

| that ignoraice of the law does |

not excuse, a maxim of very dif- ferent scope and application.” | But no matter how -we. may | choose to state the principle. one fact is-certain. Ignorance of the law will never be accepted as a defence to any criminal { charge. To show how far this |-rule is carried. I, refer briefly to two English leading cases

In the first case, in June 1799, the captain of a British: naval vessel shot at amother, vessel on the high seas, wounding its .cap- tain. When he returned to port, a charge of wilful shooting was laid against him. . NO DEFENSE oii e He raised the defence that the law had been changed in May, 1799, while he was at sea. It ' was proved conclusively. that he

NATO Issue

The Canadian Press

jlatest and mus serious manifes- tation of western inability to agree on the nuclear role in de- fence. ‘

It arises from a clash between two points of view. Gen. Norstad is determined that the bombers should carry a nuclear punch, President de Gaulle of France, for a variety of reasons. refuses | to have nuclear bombs on French | soil, though the French .are pres- sing ahead with development’ of

their own nuclear armament.

French national pride, yearn- ings for. grandeur, a determina- tion that France shall rank among the great powers — these are among the emotional main- springs of de Gaulle’s attitude. His.immediate concern, it is be- | sieved, is that the NATO alliance | is really being run by the United States, with Britain a privileged

“For my part I am.

could not- have known of the change in the law, which had | “been passed to deal with abuses at sea such as the one which he had committed in firing on ano- ther vessel because its captain hesitated to produce his. ship's papers for inspection. The court held that though’ he could have had no knowledge of the change in the law, his ignorance - was no defence to the charge. .

In the second case, in 1852, four Frenchmen, who were poli-

|

charged with wilful murder com- mitted in a duel. Two of them, who had acted as seconds to the deceased, applied for bail. MEN OF HONOR

Higher Con Survival Rates

| survey by the Am }for every person in our general

7 ee

ee Sen oa

-

cer

we are curing one out of every three cancer patients. That's a pretty good record, and one of which doctors are justifiahly

proud. . FEW AWARE But who is aware of the good

job that is being done? Few of you as of now. For a national

Society, awhile back, found that |

population who knows of at least one cancer cure amo ac- quaintances, there are

who recogitize it only in terms of death of loved ‘ones or friends. This failure to recognize early

the true picture also extends, somewhat, to a number of phy- sicians themselves. In conducting

| thei

come into contact with far more uncured ‘or incurable cancer pa- tients than they do with cured patients. {

SURVIVAL RATES IMPROVED

Yet the fact remains that the eveall cancer survival rates have improved considerably in the last 10 to 16 years.

‘ What is preventing us from chalking up an even better rec- ord? The answer is simple—

curable’-stage don’t give us a chance to help them.

“Early diagnosis equals g 00 d Pprognosis.”” That is a precept which has been «repeated time and again. Still, most persons delay consulting their doctor even though they suspect they may have cancer.

DIAGNOSIS. DELAYED

Now it is no trick for a doctor to make an early diagnosis of most ¢ases.: Certain symptoms and: signs—I have detailed them countless times—plainly indicate that cancer is probably present. An unco-operative patient, how- ever, can delay. proper diagnosis, perhaps until it is too late.

A mere diagnosis, however, {s not always enough. -We must make this diagnosis while the di- -sease is still localized. while we can still eliminate it.

This leaves the problem of early diagnosis squarely up to

tical refugees in England, were |

They filéd affidavits in which

; had been fair, foreigners ignorant of English | law, that as men of honor they

had felt obliged to stand by their friend in the field-and that to j; act as seconds in a duel in | their own country was not an of- fence punishable by law. Their | application was refused by a Court

of five judges. Lord Chief Jus-

that they

tice Campbell, who presided, said |

| in his judgment, ‘‘These two gen- |. tlemen are foreigners; but, hav- ing Come to'this countryy, they ; are in precisely the same posi- | tion as if they were native sub- jects.” Though ignorance of law is not an answer to a criminal charge, it is a factor to be taken into | account by the court in assess- ing punishment and it constitut- es. a ground for an application | to. the executive for mercy. But that is beyond the scope of the ' present enquiry.

'

“deputy” in a cozy inner circle of command. He wants to make it a threesome. :

In London, there is much talk of the so-called ‘“‘double veto” on use of nuclear weapons from Brit- ish bases. Theoretically, the Brit- ish “kovernment would have to give permission before American fighter - bombers could launch a nuclear attack.

The question has been raised as to whether such a veto means anything. In the kind of emerg- ency that Gen. Norstad might consider required nuclear action by the West, there would be. lit: tle time for solemn consultation between \cabinets. J

Still another unresolved issue. at least as far as a bipartisan approach in Britain is concerned, is how to stop the spread of nu- clear weapons among powers out- side Britain, the United, States and Russia. The qtestion has the Labor party’ in turmoil, and in- dications are the great debate will continue indefinitely. ;

_ Fitzgerald And The Rubaiyat

E. C. Kiessling in the Milwaukee Journal

One day in 1860 two ‘friends | of the poet - painter, Dante! Gabriel Rossetti, browsing in .a | London bookshop, came to the

‘ box where odds and ends «were

offered for a penny. Most of. the | items were wrappers, containing a single poem of 75° verses. en- titled “Tie Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam” ‘the four line stanzas of Omar the Tentmaker). An edition of 250 copies had been published -the previous year just a century ago — but noné had sold. Now: they were being unloaded. +

The friends each purchased a

ae

copy and showed the poem to,

Rossetti; who was so entranced that he héaded for the bookshop with his fellow poet, Algernon Swinburne. As Swinburne —later told the story, each bought six copies and returned the next day to get more as presents for friends. ‘ .

The bookseller had raised his price to two pennies, Rossetti} pretended mock indignation at suth a price increase but “bought an armful of booklets anvway. He quoted the poem wherever he went and made it so populer

booklets in me

ing prices—the last few copies fetching a guinea ($5) -each. (In 1929 a single number of this first edition brought $8,000. at the sale of the Jerome Kern collection in New York.) ; SOON IDENTIFIED

Thus the famous translation of the 11th century Persian poet was launched in England. The trans- lator soon was identified as a shy Suffolk squire ‘named Edward

| Fitagerald, a Cambridge gradu-

ate and friend of Thackeray and Tennyson. Fitzgerald had not signed his name to the transla- tion because he feared that its | “eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow we die’ theme might bring reproaches from respectab- le Victorian society

Not everyone received the poem enthusiastically. Robert Browning objected to what he considered its lighthearted treat- ment of God and man and the aftertife. ,

In answer-te such an uncer- tafn- doctrife, Browning wrote bis “Rabbi Ben Ezra’’ with its opening lines, “Grow old along with me; the best is yet to be.” Taking up Fitzgerald's’ famous metaphor of the potter and the

that the bookseller shortly got rid pot, Browning placed a more of all the booklets at ever increas | sopeful wierpretation on A: Tae

>

| mmeongruously, beside

potter (God) creates the vessels (mankind) for use. at an banquet table (heaven). “ey The first \publisher of the

“Rubaiyat” begged rald to allow him to publish a second edition in order to satisfy public demand. But the poet, remember- ing that he had paid for the first- edition himself, was jn Tio Harry | tq comply. He waitéd nearly 10 : years, while he continued polish- ing his translation and adding 26 more quatrains.He—republished it in 1868 and twice more before his death. (In 1929 a bibliography listed 1,300 editions of the poem in many languages). IMMEDIATE APPEAL

The verses appealed immedi- ately to a group of people who were tired of- the of mid - Victorianism,, and influ- enced a newer generation of pes- simistic. writers, including Swin- Prisingly, the ‘‘Rubaiyat” also became very popular in America, where its haunting pictures of the orient and its advice “to take the Cash and let the Credit go” fell in perfectly with the mate- rialistic post-civil war mood.

| tis? Answer: Rheumatoid arthritis

is part of a. general condition and We dropped to work in our cage,

treat-| hearts somewhere behind on a. ment as well as local measures |

you. Remember — delays are

they frankty—admittedtheir part | dangerous...

in the affair, stating that the duel | were |

QUESTION AND ANSWER”

D. J.: Can ‘yoq suggest some- | ‘Callum’ was his name,

thing other than heat and mas-

| sage -to~help rheumatoid arthri-

ic?

usually requires general

such as heat and massage.

various kinds, tonics and vita- mins may all be used in its treat- ment.

on the front parlor table of American homes. - A VEGETARIAN

Omar and Fitzgerald. the poets responsible for the “‘Rubaiyat,”’ were opposites-in some respects, similar in others. Both were well to do, scholarly, somewhat indo- lent and fairly abstemious in spite of the advice they give in the ‘‘Rubaiyat.”” Fitzgerald was even a vegetarian.

The translator's career was out- wardiy as drab as Omar's was brilliant. Fitzgerald was one of a family of eight — three boys. all of whom developed into ec- ientric bachelors. and five girls, all of whom married and supplied “Uncle Fitz” with a profusion of nieces He complained of being “niece. ridden." Edward mar- ried and unattractive woman out of a sense of duty when he and she were nearing 50, but they parted after nine months. ABSENT MINDED

He was: the kind of absent minded man who would carriage to take him to town and then forget about it and walk

a train for Edinburgh and, at a station along the road, \ board another bound im the opposite direction. Boating was a hobby, and one-of his best friends was a tippling, panhandling sailor nam- ed Posh. : Fitzgerald's name never ap- peared on any edition of the poems during his lifetime. His Suffolk neighbors knew him as a kindly but odd old gentleman who loved his fireside, garden boat, and went about the wearing a plaid shawl: Not even the man who wrote .his obituary for the local paper suspected that this wizened squire was the author of one of the most glowing, impassioned poems in English literature. :

POLICE FIRE ON CROWD

DURBAN, South Aftica (Reut- ers)—Police opened fire Sunday on ‘a crowd in Lamont African Township, about eight miles from the centre of ‘Durban. One Af- rican was ‘wounded in the leg. The incident followed police in- tervention against about 10 Af- rican women who had held up three buses, stoning one of them. All municipal buses for non- whites later were withdrawn from the township.

LGSE-CERTIFIEATION BID

OTTAWA (CP) — The Seafar- ers’ International. Union (Ind.) has lost a bid for certification as

By 1905, wrote Mark Sullivan,

glamorously iHustrated volume |

“tinhdey te ie ate | : by 1910, mil

ions of copies of the poem lag |

the Bible |

<

Oanada labor relations the SIU's application for cértifi-

was not, supported by a majority of the employees in a represente- tion vote.

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YESTERDAYS,

“TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AG6 (July 14,. 1934)

. Restoration of the regular trata service of six trains a week on the Elmira. Branch was reques- ted in a resolution unanimously

eyes a lake you seg {he rocks on bottom; on a?

and his voice swung a..loop

with music in what it said’

that tangied inside+ your head.

der the Carnegie Library Demon- stration. His Worship Mayor Mac- Laren presided at the opening. Miss Isobel MacPhee has bees pronounced as if he'd sign it on , appointed as librarian. the sun: ‘ : from ‘The Island’ he came - « don’t know which one.

TEN YEARS AGO (July 14, 1949)

Scoutmaster of the O'Leary troop of Boy Scouts, left on Monday en- route to Ottawa to attend the Canadian Boy Scout Jamboree | from July 16th to 25th inclusive. | He was accompanied by First

parachute. That pusher was cute,

right important, . beside

t him at a hard ‘. well ’ : » Class Scouts Arthur Seaman’ Pe- —a hundred and forty feet. ter Pate and Billy Matheson. and he fell.

Arnold Malone, an employee of Maritime Centra] Airways, was taken to the Charlottetown Hospi-. tal by ambulance yesterday morn ing after he fell from a tractor and struck his head on the pave- ment at the airport. Mr. Malone was on his way to service aa aircraft when the mishap occur- red.

Look anywhere:

at buildings bumping on’ clouds,

at spider-griil bridges:

you'll see no plaque or stone for men killed there:

but on the late shift ‘

the drill I'm bucking bangs his Mame in code: :

‘Callum’

..-Tho where ‘The Island’ is I'll never know. |

v (From a series of six poems

MAXIMS by Milton Acorn in the June is-

sue of the Canadian. Forum. Mr. | _ Criticism ig a study by which

Acorn is a son of Mr. and Mrs. | men grow important and formi-

Robert Acorn, Charlottetown.) |dable at very small expense. ——— sear aa

CANADIAN NATIONAL EXHIBITION SCHOLARSHIP

The Canadian National Exhibifion is again offering one scholarship in each province to a student who intends taking a course in a recognized College leading to a degree in Agriculture or Veterinary Science, or in a School of Agricul- ture or Home Economics leading to a diploma. :

Candidates must bé at least seventeen years ‘of age as of July Ist of this year, ahd must have completed at least two years in 4-H Club Work. Qualities of leadership and: interest in community activities will be taken into consideration.

Applications be forwarded to:

~ DAVID PEACOCK, Director of Field Work, Department ef Agriculture,

And must be sent not later than July 22, 1959.

ere

2

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(From the Guardian Files)

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