-:-~_._ _

PAGE roan TH E G UAR D IAN

Morning Daily (Founded in 18!?) lulliorluil iu Second Clue: “all, Poul Office Department, Ottawa. The hlnnnl Guardian Publliilllag Co. ldllor and Managing Director. J. If. Burnett. Alloclaln Editor, Frank Walker. ”The Strongest Memory IS Weaker Than

V the Weakest Ink." EETIARLOTTE’I'O\VN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER s. 194s

The British Bacon Market

l'he future of Canada's bacon market in the United Kingdom, now uncertain, may be- tome clearer when talks are held in London a few weeks hence between the two governments on revision of the various food contracts. Rt. Hon. J. G. Gardiner, Minister of Agriculture, vill go overseas to conduct the negotiations, ac- wrding to present plans.'lt is hoped to have the whole picture clarified before the annual Dominion-Provincial agricultural conference at Ottawa in early December. At that time crop lnd commoditypraduction objectives for 1949 vill be set, for the guidance of Canadian farm- us.

Uncertainty over the Canadian bacon mar- ket in Britain arises from the trend of British policy, which is increasingly restrictive in the matter of imports, Sir Stafford Cripps, Chan- cellor of the Exchequer, indicated at Ottawa last month that while dollar-hungry Britain would continue to rely on Canada for a substantial port of her food, she would be returning more and more to the pre-war pattern of trading. This meant more trade with continental Europe.

lt means, in turn, a smaller volume of im- ports from Canada of those kinds of food which this country produced in vastly expanded vol- ume to meet the war emergency. The Chancellor of the Exchequer was not specific, but Ottawa officials are reportedly of opinion that bacon is one of the impending casualties. lf this hap- pens Canada will almost certainly be obliged to re-orientate her livestock markets still fur- ther. This has been done in the case of beef with the re-opening of the American market. The lame course would have to be followed with hogs. Such a course might be tantamount to wiping out the British bacon contract alto- gether. For under free market conditions, so long iis demand for the Canadian product across the line was brisk American buyers could outbid the British.

British food import policy, dictated by the treasury, does not give bacon a high place in the priority list. Of the four remaining big food contracts with Canada, wheat is regarded as the most important for the British to retain. Cheese is in second place, followed by bacon, with eggs last of all.

While Canadian farmers watched with equa- nimity the scrapping of the British beef contract in mid-season, they would probably react dif- ferently to any prospective loss of their present bacon market in the United Kingdom. They suc~ ceeded in building up a reputation for a high- class product during the war, with an eye to a permanent market even in the face of Danish and Baltic competition.

In 1974 Canada delivered some 226,000,000 pounds of bacon to Britain, less than contracted for. Because of that inability to fill the contract, the amount was reduced this year to 195,000,000 pounds, the basic price being $36 per 100 pounds. Then, last summer, the beef contract was caii- celled by mutual arrangement, with the value of the unfilled part being transferred to bacon pur- chases. Under this revised deal, Canada will ship an estimated 210,000,000 pounds before the end of December. Up to now, somewhat over l60.00C,000 pounds have been exported.

Another Farmer Premier

Like our Premier Jones, the newly chosen leader of the Ontario Government, Hon. Thomas L. Kennedy, is a farmer. He is, in fact, Ontario's fifth farmer Premier. First there was Hon. Ernest C. Drury -l‘.119~1923‘, then Hon. George S. Henry (1930-3-11, Hon. Mitchell F. Hepburn (1934-42), Hon. Harry C. Nixcn (l943-three months). And now hit. Kennedy’. During that 29-year period there have also been three other Premiers, all lawyers: l‘iI)ll G. Howard Ferguson (1923-301, Hon. G. D. Cfiilfllll’ (1942-43) and Hon. G. A. Drew i19-13--’.8‘. it would be difficult, says an Ontario exchange, to find a person ready to say that the four farmer Premiers who served prior to Mr. Kennedy were not as good as the three lawyer Premiers since the days of the Unit- ed Farmers Government. They were all well qualified for the hfh office of first minister. Mr. Kennedy, too, is well qualified and Ontario is certain to be well served during his term of office.

l-liiw Taxes llit

How income taxes hit the various income groups has been strikingly summarized as Follows:

All the pecple with less than $1,000 of in- come paid collectively $4.9‘ millions in taxes. All the people with less than $2,000 paid $99 millions; all the people with less than $3,000 paid $231 millions. All the people with less than $5,000 paid $359 millions. All the people with less than $10,000 paid $468 millions. All the people with more than $10,000 paid $181 mil- lions.

Hence out of total_taxes of $650 millions the great bulk of people with less than $3,000 paid roughly 35 per cent. The relatively few pea la above $3,000 paid 65 per cent. The 27,500 penile with over $10,000 paid about 28 per cent.

Considering the wealthy class again, the money loft in the hands of all people above the $10,000 bracket after the tax collector had called amounted to $356 millions. This is the vast, untapped pool of wealth, tho myth so popu- lar among leftist politicians. lf all the money of all tho people with more than $10,000 a

., your were confiscated and they ware left panni-

lus the government would secure enough oxtro

money to payiits costs, an the present scale, for less than 65 clays in the year.

From these figures one inescapable conclu- sion emerges: lf government expenditures are to be raised, the burden of them of necessity will be borne mainly by the people of modest means, the ordinary man in the street because collectively, he has the great bulk of the na- tion's money. Money_for government use, in any significant volume, can be found only in his pocket.

This, of course, does not excuse any Gov- ernment accumulating undue millions of surplus revenue in the form of taxes, as is the case with the present Government at Ottawa.

EDITORIAL NOTES -

William lll landed in England this date 1688.

Federal Liberals are to "stay" out of Pro- vincial elections, it is reported. Perhaps the more appropriate word would have been "ousted," and by Premier Duplessis.

fi i 7k

Republicans are not the only ones who count- ed their chickens before they were hatched. The Saanich Liberal association in Victoria, B. C. el- ected Premier Byron Johnson and "the Prime Minister of Canada" as honorary presidents.

I i iv i

The Potato Shippers Advisory Board has al- ready shown its value in pressing for an ade- quate supply of refrigerator cars. Without the board the situation might well have reached a critical state before necessary action could be taken.

I i: i i

A report from London indicates that £4,000,000 in prize money will be distributed to the Royal Navy and R.A.F. and ta the Dominion navies, and air forces. The bill providing for payment also abolishes prize money for the fu- ture.

can!

A Boston specialist has upset a lot of es- tablished beliefs about what will "ruin your eyes." His findings are that such practices as reading with insufficient light, reading in bed, out of doors or on the stomach do not do "irreparable harm" but merely capse fatigue,

I I I I The battle of lnkerman this date 1854; not- ed for the defeat of the Russians by the British and French. lnkerman House here was so named by Col. John Hamilton Gray on his return from the Crimean War of which lnkerman played its port. i Q i I

Released in Montreal a month ago, after 35 years in jail, as "absolutely normal and pre- pared for the outside world," on ex-convict just couldn't take it. He went back to jail voluntar- ily saying, "l didn't know where to go or what to do." Many quiet, decent respectable people aren't lucky enough to have a jail to go back "0' H e w w a

Hon. James W. Brittain has been appointed Minister of Education for New Brunswick in suc- cession to the late Hon. C. H. Blakeny of Manc- ton. The portfolio also includes Federal and Municipal relations. He is a new member to the legislature, but has for many years been associated with public work in Saint John in- cluding the City Council of which he was Mayor from 1932 to 1936.

¥ ¥ I U

Revenue Minister~McCann announces the promotion of five members of the customs and excise investigation service at Montreal, Otta- wa, Toronto, Winnipeg and Vancouver. Mr. J. W. Brault of Montreal, has been named a di- visional director of the service. He will be in charge of the eastern division, which will in- clude Quebec, and the three Maritime Provin- ccs.

U I l ¥

Canadians soon may be able to send gift

boxes of apples to tlie United Kingdom. The British Food Ministry declines to con- tirm that the ban on gif-t shipments from Can- crcln will be lifted but an official said "the mat- ter is being niost sympathetically discussed at the highest levels... Food Minister John Strachey refused to admit gift apples last year on the grounds that the 40-pound boxes, mostly from British Columbia, exceeded the 22-pound weight limit to which all individual food parcels are restricted.

< \- 4. w

Among those mentioned for Conservative nomination for Queen's County in addition to the sitting member, Mr. W. Chester S. McLure, M. P. are Wing Commander John Angus Mac- Lean, D. F. C., candidate at the last election, Mr. Percy Turner, Mr. Andrew W. MocRae, Mr. B. Roy Holman, Mr. M. W. Wood. Among those mentioned for King's County are Mr. H. F- Mac- Phee, K. C., Major John Macdonald, and Mr. Donald Anderson, President of the Junior Farm- crs. ln Prince County the names most promin- ently mentioned are Lt. Col. E. H. Strong, form- er candidate, Mr. E. E. Arnett, Summerside, Mr. Peter MacCaull, Ellerslie, Mr. Peter Pate, O'Leary, Mr- C. J. Morrissey, Tignish, and Lt. Col. Price, Montreal.

The boys and girls of New Brunswiclcs schools are among the most enthusiastic sup- porters of Poppy Day in that province, it was stated by an official of the Canadian Legion’! provincial command. "They have given us ex- cellent cooperation," he added. Not only do the boys and girls buy poppies for themselves, but they ore wonderful soles men and women, he continued. ln some districts last year school pupils undertook the sale of poppies, and some of them just would not admit the job was done until every house in the district had been can- vassed, and every person had bought a poppy. "No matter how often they had to return, the

children kept going until their mission was ac- complished."

80M: HOAi-D

THE CUAIQPVIAN.

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Notes From Another Island

By "Anson"

LONDON. England:

The Home Office have just. is- sued some statistics to show that. crime is on the increase in the Old Country. That's not. hard to believe. the number of cascs we read about in the papers, and probably the hardest-worded tread- line in the mid-clay editions of the London papers is "60 m.p.h. Chase Through Cltyn"

For all that, most of us feel that we can go about our business with- out much danger still. and it seems to mo there is more likeli- hood of being knocked down by a taxi than by a robber. (One might add the comment that there is a good deal of robbery without viol- ence golngbmanyway. at? therhands of the Income Tax Department). Generally speaking we are sLill a pretty law-abiding race, and quite honest, as you'd realise from the number of newspaper sellers who are ready to trust the public to the extent of leaving their papers lying in a lieap so that folks can help themselves and pay as they take; and the boxes to be seen on buses in some towns for passengers to put their fares into lf they want. to get off before the conductor has had time to get around to col- lecting them.

We are also a bit touchy about. things which don't. seem to be quite proper, as the BBC was re- minded last week when a pair of entertainers put over a joke about. one of our Cabinet Ministers which was not. exactly in the best of taste. The thing might. have gone un- noticed by the usually careful BBC if they hadn't. received a run of telephone protests from listeners ivlthln a few minutes of the broad- cast. Usually the Government are considered fnlr game for music-hall humour but this particular crack seemed just a bli personal. and the good old British tradition of "fair play" was promptly roused. Times may be hard. but don't. let's forget. our manners! (Except on the Underground railway at rush hour —thcn it's every man for himself!)

a a o

I was talking the other day with a fellow I know who runs a mod- esbbusiness as a photographer. I asked him how trade was. and if he was busy. His reply was al- most a comment on the world situ- atlon.

"Busy?" he sold, "I'll say f am. Llkc everybody else." Suddenly wzirnrin ; up tn the subjcct, he went on: "I don't. know about the crisis. and UNO. and one thing and an- other; people just seem to be get- ting on with the job. lf we had to walt. for UNO I don't. know where we'd be."

I don't think he was being any more cynical about UNO than most people are. I fancy he was express- lng an opinion which alrnply re- flects the attitude of most ordinary folk to the seemingly endless "Ber- lln crisis." Walt nnd see, that's the idea. Watt and sec, and get on with what you're doing.

And we have had one or two things ln not-so-serlous vein to be getting on with in the last few days. There has been Crupps’ Dog Show. for instance, revived for the first. time alrice before the war. Thtl truly international sRow attracts and delights dog-lovers from all over the world. The entrnnLl ln- clude some very fine animals and some very peculiar ones. too, speci- mens of breeds which rarely seem to nee the light of day except at shows. and perhaps ln Silly Sym- phonlel!

Champion Dog of the show, pick- ed from about. 4.000 entries, turn- ed out to be our old friend, a Cooker Spaniel. »

But amongst all our happenings, serious and otherwise, not the lent momentous. .10 judge from‘ the amount of space it got. ln the news- papers, was the official demobiliza- tion of Lewis the Goal, an R.A.F.

rstnlion mascot. The personnel of

Humanities In High School

(Malcolm W. Wallace in the Globe and Mall) i It. is of supreme import-moo that.

foundation for humanistic studies if we are to have an intelligent. body of citizens; otherwise even those of their graduates ivl-io go on to the imlverslty will have little opportunity to develop a real interest. tn literature, or history, or philosophy. Humanistic studies are taught." efficiently lri our univers- ities, but. they touch only a small proportion of the university popu- lation. They are practically ignor- ed by all the great. professional faculties which concentrate their energies on intensely specialized vocational training. It is unneces- saxy to say that in their own fields they do excellent work, but. voca- tional training has little relation to preparing students to be intelli- gent citizens and there 1s no prob- ablllty that. the professional facul- ties will seriously modify their

our high schools should lay a firm _

Till-Z LAST INVOCATION

Al. the last, tenderly.

From the walls of the powerful fortress‘ house. From the clasp of the knitted locks -_from the keep

Of the well-closed doors.

Let me be waffed. '

Let. me glide nalselessly forth: With the key of softness unlock the locks-with a whisper

Set. ope the doors. O Soul!

Teriderly-be not. impatient,

(Strong ts your hold, O mortal flesh!

Strong is your hold, O love.) —Wa1t. Whlfiman.’

Old Charlottetown

programs. Many a young FY0565- stonal student. cuts himself off most - unwillingly from the world of r music and literature and politics. but. he soon dlscovers that. a pro-

feslon ls a jealous mistress who

will tolerate no rivals. She de-

mands the whole 0f his time. and

frowns on all interests that cannot

serve directly her own purPOSQ-

Occasionally a very able Student

may refuse to give up altogether

his painting or his music or his

poetry, but he ls very exceptional

in the student body, arid generfllly

finds lt. wise to conceal his weak-

ness.

To put 1f briefly, the ideals of

our tenchntcal specialized world are

at. enmity with the ideals of the

political world in which we must.

live as citizens, and with the ideals

of individuals who wish to cultivate

their love of beautiful things or to speculate on non-practical subjects such as the nature of man and of the world lri which he lives. The student may educate himself for practicing a profession, or for be- coming an intelligent citizen or for gratifying his love of beauty or philosophical speculation, but. he will find it. exceedingly difficult. to combine the three‘.

I

Now the solution of this dilemma ts by no means obvious. We shall certainly decide to keep our spe- cialists but. we may possibly allow them to make some small prepara- tion toward becoming citizens or even to have private lives. 1f we decide on such a plan our easiest lcourse will be to concentrate our 'effort.s on Qvlng Ltiem some ln- fuslon of the humanities durml their high school days. And lf we take our plan seriously -we should specialize to this work of teaching the humanities tn the hush schools a generous proportion o‘. the best. brains which we produce, Unfor- tunately, this scheme will hardly be feasible until our whole scale of human values undergoes a radical change. We shall hove to learn to estimate many t-hlnl! 001M 8P8" from their money value, and to pre- 1g; mtgyegtlng happy lives to llves dedicated to the pursuit of power. It. la just. possible that. we might. then learn something of the secret. of working co-operuflvely with our fellow cltlzens and even with tho citizens of other nations.

There Ls no more fundamental educational problem facing us today than this-to discover a working compromise between intense. spec- clallzea professional training and n tnlnlng that. aims at. producing --___-__-___-___----

hi! station turned out on parade ln hll honour. and with solemn ceremony Lewll led the band for thp Int time In his accustomed parade rig-out. Then he was re- tired with the rank of Honorary Flight Sergeant (seems an ap- propriate rank!) complete with bowler tint. and check null. to live out the rest of his dayn In the pence of an Animal Sanatorium.

l l i

(And P. l. I.)

TAVERN LICENSES

"Be it enacted that from and after the first day of July next, no License shall be granted for keeping a Tavern, or Inn, wllhln this Island. except upon the fallow- ing condition, which shall be ln- serled in such License. that is to say: That the person to whom such License ls granted shall keep at all times, during the continuance of such License in his Tavern, or Inn, ~if in Charlotte-Town. four good and sufficient Beds, for the accom- modation of Travellerg-and if ln the Country, two such Beds, and shall also provide and keep, at all times during the continuance of such License, sufficient Stabltng and Provender for Six Horses.” ‘

——Act of the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. 27th October, 1825. The Act also prohibited tav- crn-keepers from supplying any persons, except lodgers, with liquor of any kind "on the Lord's Day, wmmmill’ (‘ullcrl Sunday, an pain of forfeiting for the first offvnce (he sum of Forty Shillings. nnil for cvcrv succeeding offence the sum of Five Pounds."

800d citizens. Intelligent citizenship depends on some real acquaintance wlm the history of men and their institutions. It. ls almost unrelated to vocational training. Since our universities spend their money and energy chiefly on laboratories and the production of specialists, m; best hope for humanistic training is to be ~founrl tn the high schools, There it may be possible to expose the whale body of young pgqpje m some acquaintance with music gm! painting, with poetry and history and we may hope that interests and tastes formed tn early yeatg W111 Carry over tnto their mature lives. Otherwise there ls danger of cultural stagnation as far as the great. mass of men are concerned Never did the world have greater need of wisdom tn human relations and it. ls a need that. will not. be met by vocational tigatnlng.